2. Schedule of the research
The research was conducted in the second semester in the academic year of 20132014. It was from February to March 2014.
3. Setting
The class target was students of fourth grade at SDN 1 Pandak in the academic year of 20132014. There were 32 students in class 4. The class
consisted of 17 male and 15 female students. They were about 10 to 11 years old. Most of them came from middle economical background.
In SDN 1 Pandak, the English lesson has been taught since the first grade. Based on the observation and interview, however, the speaking skill of the fourth
grade students was still low. They could not communicate well in classroom context. They rarely got speaking practice in the English lessons.
D. Research Members
This research involved the researcher, the English teacher as first collaborator, peer-collaborator, and the students of fourth grade of SDN 1 Pandak.
The English teacher and the researcher worked collaboratively to overcome some problems related to speaking teaching and learning activities and try to improve
the student’s speaking skill. They worked together in identifying the problems of the English teaching and learning process related to the teaching of speaking.
Collecting data, planning the solution, conducting the action in the class, evaluating and reflecting the use of action done.
E. Data Collection Techniques
In this research, the data were the qualitative data. The qualitative data were obtained through observations, interview, and questionnaires. The data were
collected in the form of opinions and preference and expectations of the research participants. The data were used to describe the action process and the changes
after the actions were collected in the form of students’ score in pre-test and post- test.
The kinds of data, the research instruments, and the data collection techniques are presented in the table below.
Table 1 : The Data Collection Techniques and research instruments No
Data Instruments
Collection Techniques
Usage
1. Pre-test and
Post-test score Speaking
rubric Pre-test and post test
In pre-test and post-test
2. Field notes
Observation guide
Observation In reconnaissance
In action and observation
3. Interview
transcripts Interview
guide Interview
In reconnaissance In reflection
4. Questionnaires
result Questionnaires
Questionnaires In reconnaissance
In reflection
1. Observation
Observing the action is the process of recording and gathering all relevant data about any aspects that was happening during the teaching and learning
process. In classroom action research, the observation is focus on collecting what the data relating with the treatment activity this observation took an important role
in this research since what happens within the process of treatment may influence the result of this research.
The observation sheet was used to help the researcher observing the process. During the observation, the collaborator was at the back of the classroom
taking notes on the class activities in the teaching and learning process. The results of the observations were recorded in the form of field notes.
2. Interview
The researcher interviewed the students and the English teacher about the activities in the teaching and learning process before and after the implementation.
The researcher developed some questions as the guideline in the interview but the flexibility related to the responses. It meant that the interviews were guided but
the researcher was allowed to ask further questions to get more data about responses. The information was recorded into interview transcripts.
3. Pre-test and Post-test
The pre-test was conducted before the actions were implemented, while the post-test was done after the actions were carried out.
4. Questionnaires
The questionnaires were used to gather information about the students’ point of view and their learning needs dealing with the speaking learning process in
their class. It was also used t identify the students’ improvement in learning speaking after the implementation of tiered tasks. The questionnaires were given
to the students at the reconnaissance step and at the end of the implementation of cycle 2.
F. Data Analysis
Kategori