The Definition of Non Formal Education

result of this research also can give contribution to other researchers from this topic or matter.

CHAPTER II THEORETICAL REVIEW

In this chapter, the researcher collects the theories from the experts about non formal education, Human Resource Management HRM in an English course, and the nature of English learning and teaching.

A. Non Formal Education

This section will discuss about theories of non-formal education, including: 1 the definition of non-formal education, 2 the characteristics of non-formal education, and 3 the scope of non-formal education.

1. The Definition of Non Formal Education

Nowadays the need of English education is being improved. It is caused by the big willingness of society toward language mastery. The awareness of the important of learning English as a means of world communication gives many chances for non-formal education institution to develop and prove their existence. Dealing with non-formal education, UU Sisdiknas No. 20 tahun 2003 Pasal 26 states that non-formal education is held for the society who need educational service, which has function as substitution, addition and or complement of formal education in supporting lifelong education. Coombs and Ahmed 1974: 8 in Rogers 2004 define non formal education as any organized, systematic, educational activity carried on outside the framework of the formal system to provide selected types of learning to particular subgroups in the population, adults as well as children. While Kleis 1973: 6 in Etllng 1993 explains the definition of non formal education, as Any intentional and systematic educational enterprise usually outside of traditional schooling in which content is adapted to the unique needs of the students or unique situations in order to maximize learning and minimize other elements which often occupy formal school teachers i.e. taking roll, enforcing discipline, writing reports, supervising study hall, etc. United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organization UNESCO in 1997 define non-formal education as “any organized and sustained educational activities that do not correspond exactly to the definition of formal education”. In addition, course and training are held for people who need knowledge, skill, life-skill and self-development, profession development, work, entrepreneurship, and or continuing higher education. Based on those definitions, non formal education is set up to fulfill the lack education in formal education. In short, non-formal education can be defined as an alternative education, which supplements the formal education.

2. The Characteristics of Non Formal Education