Significance of Analysis Review of Literature

1.3 Objectives of Analysis

The objectives of analysis one thing that we must achieved or are the statements about what we done in object that we are going to analysis depend on the problem of analysis. So, the writer makes an objective of analysis, they are: 1. To find out Atticus, Jem, and Scout’s Id in this novel Harper Lee’s to Kill the Mocking Bird based on Sigmund Freud’s Theory. 2. To find out Atticus, Jem, and Scout’s Ego in this novel Harper Lee’s to Kill the Mocking Bird based on Sigmund Freud’s Theory. 3. To find out Atticus, Jem, Scout’s super - Ego in this novel Harper Lee’s to Kill the Mocking Bird based on Sigmund Freud’s Theory.

1.4 Scope of Analysis

When doing analysis of literary works, actually there’s should be a scope of analysis, so that the object that are be analyzed become clearly and the purpose of the analysis easy to understand by the readers being. In this thesis, the writer makes a scope of analysis is confined the characters personality in Harper Lee’s novel to kill the mocking bird, based on Sigmund Freud’s theory 1949. Freud contends that the personality consist of three major structures, the id, ego and super – ego. Actually in this novel there are so many characters who acted this story, but here the writer would like to analysis characters personality of the main characters namely, Atticus, Jem, Scout’s Id, Ego and Super- ego in this novel. That is a scope of analysis in this thesis.

1.5 Significance of Analysis

In this analysis, the writer states the significance for the analysis such us, theoretically and practically. Theoretically, this analysis provides describes view on the Universitas Sumatera Utara relation between literature and psychology in terms of Sigmund Freud’s theory Practically, through referring Sigmund Freud’s theory in analyzing characters personality and human mind or psychology in the main character of this novel, the writer hopes that this analysis can be as primary source and useful for those who wants to study literary works in relation to psychology especially for student.

1.6 Review of Literature

The writer collects several books in supporting the data of analysis. The books contain some information, which design to complete the thesis. They are: 1. Theory of Literature by Rene Wellek and Austin Warren, 1977. This book provides the explanation about the theory of literature, so the writer can analyze the story of the novel easily based on the theory. According to that book, there are two kinds of approach in analyzing literary work; they are intrinsic approach and extrinsic approach. 2. The Language of English Literature by Raymond Chapman, 1982. This book explains about the kind of language which use by the authors in their literary works, including novel as one of the genres of literature. 3. Understanding the Elements of Literature by Richard Taylor, 1981. In this book, Richard Taylor explains about their major genres of literature; such as narrative fiction, drama, and poetry. They are defined and discussed in detail. 4. To Kill The Mocking Bird by Harper Lee, 1962. The writer uses this novel as the main source of the analysis to complete the thesis. Universitas Sumatera Utara 5. A psychological Approach to Fiction by Bernard J. Paris. The writer uses this book to give the definition about psychology. 6. Developmental Psychology by Ann Birch and Tony Malim, 1988 The writer use this book, to give definition about Id, Ego and Super – ego. 7. Freud by Benjamin Nelson, 1958 The writer use this book, to know more about his theory. Universitas Sumatera Utara CHAPTER II METHODOLOGICAL

2.1 Method of analysis