Theoretical Framework REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

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CHAPTER III METHODOLOGY

This chapter consists of three sections, namely the object of the study, the approach of the study, and the method of the study. The object of the study tells about the information of the novel. The approach of the study tells about the approaches used to analyze the novel. The method of the study provides the procedures taken in this study.

A. Object of the Study

The object of this study is a novel entitled China Boy written by Gus Lee. It was the first novel published in 1991. Lee described his life in this best-selling autobiographical fiction. He also wrote some other novels after the year of 1991 such as Honor and Duty 1994, Tigers Tail 1996, and Chasing Hepburn 2004. China boy is a fiction, which is rendered to the experience of family relationship, the perils of growing up in America of sharp differences and sharp humanity, and culture shock. It tells about Kai Ting, the only American-born son of an aristocratic Mandarin family that flees China to America in the wake of Mao’s revolution. Living and growing in Panhandle, he is caught between two different cultures, Chinese and American way of life. After the death of his mother, he suddenly takes into American culture by his stepmother, a Philadelphia society woman who tries to erase every vestige of China. It also tells about the situation of his being plunged into different ways of life in a different society. 26

B. Approach of the Study

The researcher used the psychological and the socio-cultural approach in this study. These two approaches are taken from the critical approach proposed by Rohrberger and Wood 1971. This critical approach is divided into five, namely formalist approach, biographical approach, sociocultural-historical approach, mythopoeic approach, and psychology approach. In China Boy, there are conflicts that occur because of different values and the way of life between two cultures. Since conflict can be considered as a psychological aspect of human being, the researcher used the psychological approach. Moreover, the researcher also used the socio culture approach because this study examined how China and America are different in terms of cultural entity. Besides, since the focus of this study is on a culture shock phenomenon, the sociocultural-historical approach is the appropriate approach.

C. Method of the Study

Since the object of this study is a novel entitled China Boy, the method of this study was library research. According to George 2008, library research is an integral part of inquiry in any field, allowing researchers to determine what related work has already been done and how experts have assessed it p. 21. It allows the researcher to identify and locate sources that provide factual information or expert opinions. Therefore, the researcher applied reading and taking notes as the main procedures. Based on the main procedures, several procedures were taken in this 27 study. The first procedure was reading the novel. The researcher read the novel several times to understand the whole story. Besides, the reading focused on the main character’s responses to cultures shock experiences and conflict experiences when he deals with culture shock. Those two focuses were important to be observed in order to answer the two research problems of this study. During the reading, the researcher also underlined and noted down some related information to help answer the research problems. Having understood the story, the researcher quoted some relevant theories. The researcher began to read some books and journals that could give additional knowledge and direct contribution to the study. The reference theories that gave direct contribution were the theory of character and characterization, the conflict, and the culture, which were included on the review of the related theories. The next step was analyzing the novel by applying the theories on the analysis. In this step, the researcher tried to discuss the two research problems by using the selected approaches and related theories. In the last step, the researcher derived conclusions of the study. The conclusions included the drawing of the findings of the study, the implications, and the suggestions.