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pronounced as one sound, the word signatus + {-ure} does not become signatusure but signature.
b. The Last Phoneme of the Base
After analyzing the data using the last spelling letter of the bases as above, the second method is applied. In this method, the data are analyzed based
on the last phoneme sounds of bases of the suffix {-ure}. The pronunciation of the data before and after attached to the suffix {-ure} is important on this method
in order to analyze the changes of the pronunciation of the suffix {-ure} which is originally pronounced as jər. Below are the data of the distribution of the
suffix {-ure} based on the last phoneme of the bases of the suffix {-ure}.
Table 2. The Distribution of the Suffix {-ure} Based on the Last Phoneme of the Bases
NO. THE LAST
PHONEME OF THE BASE
FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE
1 t
13 43.3
2 z
9 30
3 s
3 10
4 d
2 6.8
5 l
1 3.3
6 n
1 3.3
7 v
1 3.3
TOTAL 30
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i. The Base Ending with t
Based on the data collection, there are thirteen bases of the suffix {-ure} ending with t. Those data are taken from Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary
of Current English Ninth Edition. The data examples are in the following list. Depart dɪˈpɑːt
departure dɪˈpɑːtʃər
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Forfeit ˈfɔːfɪt forfeiture ˈfɔː.fɪtʃər
Portrait ˈpɔːtreɪt portraiture ˈpɔːtrətʃər
Prefect ˈpriːfekt prefecture ˈpriːfektʃər
Sculpt skʌlpt sculpture ˈskʌlptʃər
The data above show that the suffix {-ure} is pronounced as ʃər when it is attached to the base ending with t. The examples are the pronunciation of
the words depart dɪˈpɑːt and prefect ˈpriːfekt. Those words are pronounced as dɪˈpɑːtʃər and ˈpriːfektʃər when attached to the suffix {-ure} instead of
dɪˈpɑːtjər and ˈpriːfektjər because the base of those words are ended with the phoneme t.
ii. The Base Ending with z
Besides being able to attach to the bases ending with t, the suffix {-ure} is also able to attach to the bases ending with z. There are nine bases of the
suffix {-ure} having z as their last phoneme. Below are the examples of the data. Close kləʊz
closure ˈkləʊʒər Compose kəmˈpəʊz
composure kəmˈpəʊʒər Erase ɪˈreɪz
erasure ɪˈreɪʒər Please pliːz
pleasure ˈpleʒər Seize siːz
seizure ˈsiːʒər The list above shows that the pronunciations of the bases ended with
the phoneme z are changed when receiving the suffix {-ure}. It can be proven in the words close kləʊz and compose kəmˈpəʊz. When those words are attached
to the suffix {-ure}, the last phoneme z is not pronounced anymore and replaced
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with ʒər. Consequently, the pronunciations of closure and composure become ˈkləʊʒər and kəmˈpəʊʒər. The same thing occurs to all bases of the suffix
{-ure} ending with z.
iii. The Base Ending with s
According to the data taken from Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary of Current English Ninth Edition, there are three words which are
considered as the bases of the suffix {-ure} ending with s. These are the data. Fix fɪks
fixture fɪkstʃər Mix ˈmɪks
mixture ˈmɪkstʃər Press pres
pressure ˈpreʃər Dominantly, the suffix of the bases is pronounced as tʃər like in the
words fixture fɪkstʃər and mixture ˈmɪkstʃər. However, a different pronunciation occurs in the word press pres which turns into ˈpreʃər. In other
words, there are two different pronunciations of the suffix {-ure} when it attaches to the bases ending with s. It can be pronounced as tʃər and ʃər as well.
The cause is related to the last letter of each base. In the discussion before, it is explained that the bases ending with the letter ‘x’ are attached to the variant of
the suffix {-ure} which is {-ture} while the base ending with the letter ‘s’ is attached to the suffix {-ure}. Hence, the pronunciations of the suffix {-ure} on
the bases ending with s are uncertain.
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iv. The Base Ending with d
The suffix {-ure} also attaches to the bases ending with the phoneme d. There are two bases attached to the suffix {-ure} ending with d. The words are
shown as follows. Expend ɪkˈspend
expenditure ɪkˈspendɪtʃər Proceed prəˈsiːd
procedure prəˈsiːdʒər Based on those two data mentioned above, the alteration of both of them
are different. In the word expend ɪkˈspend, its pronunciation turns into ɪkˈspendɪtʃər when it receives the suffix {-ure}. In short, the allomorph of the
suffix {-ure} which is {-iture} in the word expenditure is pronounced as ɪtʃər. It is very contrast to proceed prəˈsiːd which turns into prəˈsiːdʒər when
receiving the suffix {-ure}. As explained before, the word proceed is originated from the French word which is procéder. Then, after suffixation of the suffix {-
ure}, the word becomes procedure prəˈsiːdʒər. Thus, it can be concluded that the suffix {-ure} which attaches to the base ending with d is pronounced as
ʒər. Nevertheless, an exception is applied to the word expenditure ɪkˈspendɪtʃər because it is attached to the allomorph {-iture} ɪtʃər instead of
the suffix {-ure} itself.
v. The Base Ending with l
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