commit to user
44 Berat penutup atap
= 2,035 x 50
= 101,73 kgm
q
= 112,73 kgm
q
x
= q sin α
= 112,73 x sin 35 °
= 64,659 kgm. q
y
= q cos α
= 112,73 x cos 35 °
= 92,343 kgm. M
x1
=
1 8
. q
y
. L
2
=
1 8
x 92,343 x 3,60
2
= 149,596 kgm. M
y1
=
1 8
. q
x
. L
2
=
1 8
x 64,659 x 3,60
2
= 104,748 kgm.
b. Beban hidup
P diambil sebesar 100 kg. P
x
= P sin α = 100 x sin 35°
= 57,358 kg. P
y
= P cos α = 100 x cos 35°
= 81,915 kg. M
x2
=
1 4
. P
y
. L =
1 4
x 81,915 x 3,60 = 73,723 kgm. M
y2
=
1 4
. P
x
. L =
1 4
x 57,358 x 3,60 = 51,622 kgm.
c. Beban angin
TEKAN HISAP
Beban angin kondisi normal, minimum = 25 kgm
2
PPIUG 1983
Koefisien kemiringan atap α
= 35 °
1 Koefisien angin tekan = 0,02 α – 0,4
= 0,02.35 – 0,4 =
0,3 y
α P
P
y
P
x
x +
commit to user
45 2 Koefisien angin hisap = – 0,4
Beban angin : 1 Angin tekan W
1
= koef. Angin tekan x beban angin x 12 x s
1
+s
2
= 0,3 x 25 x ½ x 2,035+2,035 = 15,273 kgm. 2 Angin hisap W
2
= koef. Angin hisap x beban angin x 12 x s
1
+s
2
= – 0,4 x 25 x ½ x 2,035+2,035 = -20,346 kgm. Beban yang bekerja pada sumbu x, maka hanya ada harga M
x
: 1 M
x tekan
=
1 8
. W
1
. L
2
=
1 8
x 15,273 x 3,60
2
= 24,742 kgm. 2 M
x hisap
=
1 8
. W
2
. L
2
=
1 8
x -20,346 x 3,60
2
= -32,961 kgm.
Tabel 3.1 Kombinasi gaya dalam pada gording
Momen Beban
Mati Beban
Hidup Beban Angin
Kombinasi Tekan Hisap Minimum
Maksimum Mx kgm
My kgm 149,596
104,748 73,723
51,622 24,742
- -32,961
- 223,319
156,370 248,061
156,370
3.2.3. Kontrol Terhadap Tegangan
Kontrol terhadap tegangan Maximum Mx = 248,061 kgm
= 24806,1 kgcm. My = 156,370 kgm
= 15637 kgcm.
commit to user
46
σ =
2 2
Zy My
Zx Mx
⎟⎟⎠ ⎞
⎜⎜⎝ ⎛
+ ⎟
⎠ ⎞
⎜ ⎝
⎛
=
2 2
19,8 15637
65,2 24806,1
⎟ ⎠
⎞ ⎜
⎝ ⎛
+ ⎟
⎠ ⎞
⎜ ⎝
⎛
= 876,614 kgcm
2
σ ijin = 1600 kgcm
2
Kontrol terhadap tegangan Minimum Mx = 223,319 kgm
= 22331,9 kgcm. My = 156,370 kgm
= 15637 kgcm.
σ =
2 2
Zy My
Zx Mx
⎟⎟⎠ ⎞
⎜⎜⎝ ⎛
+ ⎟
⎠ ⎞
⎜ ⎝
⎛
=
2 2
19,8 15637
65,2 22331,9
⎟ ⎠
⎞ ⎜
⎝ ⎛
+ ⎟
⎠ ⎞
⎜ ⎝
⎛
= 860,823 kgcm
2
σ ijin = 1600 kgcm
2
3.2.4. Kontrol Terhadap Lendutan
Di coba profil : 150 x 75 x 20 x 4,5 E
= 2,1 x 10
6
kgcm
2
Ix = 489 cm
4
Iy = 99,2 cm
4
qx = 0,64659 kgcm
qy = 0,92343 kgcm
Px = 57,358 kg
commit to user
2 Py
= 81,915 kg
= ×
= 60
, 3
180 1
Zijin 2 cm
Zx = Iy
E L
Px Iy
E L
qx .
. 48
. .
. 384
. .
5
3 4
+
= 2
, 99
. 10
. 1
, 2
. 48
360 .
358 ,
57 2
, 99
. 10
. 1
, 2
. 384
360 .
64659 ,
. 5
. 6
3 6
4
+ = 0,6788 cm
Zy = Ix
E L
Py Ix
E l
qy .
. 48
. .
. 384
. .
5
3 4
+
= 489
. 10
. 1
, 2
. 48
360 .
915 ,
81 489
. 10
1 ,
2 .
384 360
. 92343
, .
5
6 3
6 4
+ ×
= 0,1967 cm
Z =
2 2
Zy Zx
+ =
= +
2 2
1967 ,
6788 ,
0,7067 cm
Z ≤ Z
ijin
0,7067 cm ≤ 2 cm …………… aman
Jadi, baja profil lip channels dengan dimensi 150 x 75 x 20 x 4,5 aman
dan mampu menerima beban apabila digunakan untuk gording.
commit to user
Tugas Ak hir
Perencanaan St rukt ur Gedung Sekolah 2 L ant ai
18
BAB 3 Per encanaan At ap
3.3. Perencanaan Setengah Kuda-kuda
