used in the speech interaction, including the medium spoken, written, written to be spoken, etc. as well as the rhetorical mode expository, instructive, persuasive,
etc. These three elements make the writer literary maker possible to orient himself in the context of situation. Tenor refers to the social relation existing
between the interact acts in a speech situation. It includes relations of formality, power, and affect manager clerk, father son. It influences interpersonal choices
in the linguistic system, and thereby it affects role the structures and the strategies chosen to activate the linguistic exchange, while field refers to the subject matter
what is happening, to whom, where and when, why it is happening and so on. To analysis the text, the writer must try and maintain the situational and
cultural context by finding the corresponding three components in the target language namely field, tenor, and field which respectively classified as follow.
field is a situation where the writer will have decisions about what terminology to use, to what extent the worker‘s context is familiar to the target language reader,
the type of grammatical structures to adopt active passive; as well as Tenor is a situation where the writer will frame will frame the right choice of register
formal informal, modern archaic, technical non-technical; while Mode is a situation functions for the writer to know the way the text should be organized
where the information focus lies, what is given and what new information is provided, etc.
2.2 Review of Related Studies
Systemic functional linguistics SFL is one of many applicable methods to do research in analyzing text. SFL which is supported by register theory is a
method that I use for this research. The following are some researches that use
SFL for their researches. Eggins 2004 for instance applies SFL to analyze the text entitled Crying Baby, a text about the most common reason why baby cries.
The text attached in end part of her book entitled an Introduction to Systemic Functional Linguistics. Eggins applies the SFL method to analyze three different
texts but the three texts have the same theme by formulating three research questions namely 1 What linguistic evidence is there for claiming that text 1.1,
1.2 and 1.3 shares a common field, 2 What is the relationships between different in tenor and the mood shift that sets text 1.3 apart form text 1.1 and 2.2, and 3
How is the generic structure of the written texts different from that of the spoken text? This study uses logico-grammatical analysis comprising of mood analysis,
transitivity and theme analysis, clause complex analysis, cohesive analysis, and generic analysis.
Another studies using SFL are five following journals which are respectively written by Liping, C. 2014, Gledhill, C. 2013, Feng and Liu
2010, Arunsirot, S. 2013, and Bilal, A. H. 2012. Those journals respectively discuss the subdivision of metafunctions. The journal by Liping 2014 and Feng
and Liu 2010 show how and in what ways ideational meaning and interpersonal meaning stand for, while the journals by Arunsirot, S. 2013 and Bilal, A. H.
2012 are both show the analyses of there subdivision of metafunctions including the analyses of ideational meaning, interpersonal meaning and textual meaning
which simultaneously link with one another. The article from Gledhill, C. 2013 deals with register theory that which is built from understanding that text has its
own discourse. This is associated by three analyses; transitivity and logico semantic and transitivity, mood structure and theme pattern Eggins, 2009: 111.
Based on these related studies, I conduct my research using SFL supported by the theory of register because the data that I use for my research is short story
therefore I suppose that it is needed because what we call by literary text absolutely refer to social setting
of certain society and ‗Clara‘ in this case has a background of human tragedy of 1998 happens in Indonesia but even though it is
derived from particular setting, it can be mirror what really happen in it therefore the register theory is supposed important to use. The same with but different form
what these journals and article above propose, I conduct my research entitle A Metafunction Analysis o
n Seno Gumira Ajidarma‟s „Clara‟, The English Translation Version. This title is the same with some journals above because it
uses metafunctions as its title and analysis but it different from above journals because this research includes the analysis of logical meaning analysis while
above are not. Another differences are that this research use short story for its data analysis while above are speech and scientific texts and furthermore that the text
that I use is English translation version which is originally written in Bahasa Indonesia then translated into English so that there some situational factors which
can not be translated into English contextually.
2.2 Theoretical Framework
