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The Hypothesis of the Research

2.7 The Hypothesis of the Research

Based on problem of the research and the review of the literature above, the hypothesis of this experimental research can be formulated as follows: “there is a significant effect of using Board Games on the ei ghth grade students’ speaking achievement in telling experience at SMPN 4 Jember in the 20142015 academic year”. 26

CHAPTER III. RESEARCH METHODS

This chapter presents the research methods applied in this research. It covers research design, area determination method, respondents determination method, data collection methods, and data analysis methods.

3.1 Research Design

Research design refers to the outline, plan, or strategy specifying the procedure to be used in seeking an answer to the research question Christensen, 2006:299. The research design used in this research was quasi-experimental research with the non-equivalent group posttest-only design. According to Cohen et al. 2007:282, quasi-experimental research is often used in educational research because it is simply not possible for researchers to undertake true experiments. Further, t he term “non-equivalent” means the respondents the students of the experimental and the control groups have not been equated by randomization Cohen et al., 2007:283. Therefore, it affirmed that there was no random assignment and random selection in this research. Furthermore, Kerlinger in Cohen, 2007:283 says that where matching the experimental and control groups is not possible, the researcher is advised to use samples from the same population or samples that are as alike as possible. In the design, two classes were chosen as the experimental and the control groups by considering the result of the homogeneity analysis of the students’ speaking scores from the English teacher. The researcher used the speaking scores from the English teacher of SMPN 4 Jember because of the effectiveness of time and energy. Then, the homogeneity analysis using ANOVA was done. According to Christensen 2006:419, ANOVA is the statistical test applied to data collected on the basis of a simple randomized participants design. It was used to investigate whether or not the groups were

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