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consider the Indonesian translation semakin with the verb GET with additional
affix ing. From the table of meaning frequency, we could also see the core meaning of the tested verb based on the respondents’ vocabulary knowledge. This
notion is also based on the theory of vocabulary meaning mapping determinants saying that usually the meaning of vocabulary taught to the students in the initial
level are the core meaning of words. Therefore, the core meaning of the verb GET based on the respondents’ knowledge is receive that is considered equivalent with
mendapatkan.
Besides receive that was considered equivalent with the Indonesian translation mendapatkan, there are some other verbs that can be considered
equivalent with the Indonesian translation: the verbs receive and accept can be considered equivalent with menerima, the verb become can be considered
equivalent with menjadi, the verbs obtain, acquire, and earn can be considered equivalent with mendapatkan and memperoleh, the verb understand can be
considered equivalent with mengerti, achieve can be considered equivalent with mencapai, and the verb arrive can be considered equivalent with sampai. The
verb understand contribute the connotative meaning of the verb GET since the verb understand is not the literal meaning of the GET.
5. The Meaning of the Verb MAKE.
The verb MAKE was assigned different meanings. It was considered
synonymous to 4 English verbs and was considered equivalent to 8 Indonesian translations. The meanings and the Indonesian translation equivalents are
presented in Table 4.5.
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Table 4.5: Meaning Frequency of the Verb MAKE
No. Synonyms
F Translations
F 1.
2. 3.
4. 5.
6. 7.
8. Create
Produce Have
Generate 9
5 1
1 56.25
31.25 6.25
6.25 Membuat
Menghasilkan Menyuruh
Menjadikan Meminta
Berlari Menciptakan
Mengakibatkan 31
4 3
2 2
1 1
1 68.89
8.89 6.67
4.45 4.45
4.45 4.45
4.45 Total
16 45
The verb MAKE was considered synonymous with the verb create by 9
respondents or 56, 25 of the total respondents and was considered equivalent
with membuat by 31 respondents or 68, 89 of the total respondents. The frequency of the Indonesian translation equivalent membuat is significantly
higher compared to the English verb create and to other meanings and the
Indonesian translation equivalents.
On the other hand, the English verb have and generate each is only written by one respondents, so are the Indonesian translation berlari, menciptakan, and
mengakibatkan. Some of the meanings in the form of English synonyms can be considered equivalent to the Indonesian translation, they are: create that is
considered equivalent with membuat and menciptakan, produce and generate that is considered equivalent to menghasilkan, and have that is considered
equivalent with menyuruh. Such examples of considering one English verb
equivalent to one or more Indonesian translations prove the notion that there is no
onetoone exact translation of L2 to L1. In addition, the verb have is one of the connotative meanings of the verb MAKE. The respondent may consider the verb
have is synonymous with the verb make in the sense of making somebody to do
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something, although, actually, both verbs have slight different sense. The verb make has the sense of forcing somebody to do something, on the other hand, the
verb have has the sense of persuading or ordering somebody to do something.
Three respondents wrongly associate the verb MAKE with Indonesian
translation equivalents berlari and meminta. The Indonesian translation berlari and meminta are mostly outside the meaning boundary of the verb MAKE. It
seems that the respondents fail to identify the meaning boundary of those words.
B. Discussion
