3. Tour Guides
There are several authors who define what tour guide is. Some of them are Mancini and Pond. Mancini defines a tour guide as “someone who takes people
on sightseeing excursions of limited duration” 1990: 5, and Pond defines tour guide as “any individual who leads groups and provides commentary for them”
1993: 260. In addition, in the United Kingdom, aguide is also called “a courier” which according to Dictionary of Travel, Tourism, and Hospitality, it means “a
person employed by the tour organizer and escorting a group tour who may also act as a guide.”
Mancini in his book Conducting Tours: A Practical Guide states that based on the place of doing the job, guides are divided into two kinds, on-site
guide and city guide. On-site guide means “one who conducts tours of one or several hours at a specific building, attraction, or limited area,” whereas a city
guide means someone who “points out and comment on the highlights of a city, usually from a motor coach, mini-bus, or van” 1990: 5. Here, tour guides in
Prambanan Temple is considered on-site guides because they conduct tours for several hours only at Prambanan Temple area.
8
CHAPTER II THEORETICAL REVIEW
Theoretical Review in this study covers two main parts, Review of Related Theories, and Theoretical Framework. In the Review of Related Theories, the
writer will state four theories related to the study which are beneficial in analyzing data. Theoretical Framework explains the contribution of the theories in solving
the problems stated in the Problem Formulation.
A. Review of Related Theories
The first sub-chapter contains four relevant theories used in analyzing data. Those theories are Theories on Clauses and Sentences, Theories on Simple
Sentences, Theories on Compound Sentences, and Theories on Complex Sentences.
1. Theories on Clauses and Sentences
This sub-chapter is divided into four segments. They are Clauses versus Sentences, Basic Types of English Clauses, Elements of English Clauses, and
Classes of English Clauses.
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