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CHAPTER 3 METHODOLOGY
3.1 The Subject of the Study
During his frequent stay in Calcutta, Dominique Lapierre decided to write a book that tells a story about people who live in Calcutta. After his two years research
in India, he published his book in 1985. The title of the book is The City of Joy, which is taken from one of a slum area in Calcutta. In his book The City of Joy
1986: 1, Dominique Lapierre mentions that the story concerns men, women, and children who have been uprooted from their homes by implacable nature and hostile
circumstances. Pressinter, S.A, published the City of Joy at the first time in 1985. This
International Bestselling novel consists of 519 pages which are divided into 72 chapters including epilogue, afterwards and acknowledgements. There are many
characters in The City of Joy. Those characters represent the characters of people in Calcutta. Each character in the story has different origin, occupation, and religion.
Dominique Lapierre writes the story of each character clearly such as how the characters survive, seek a job, face problems and help others. Lapierre shows in his
novel good values of poor people who live in a slum through the character’s actions. The most important value is the struggle of each character to survive in the middle of
poor life and natural disaster. There are many heroic people arise in Anand Nagar, the place in which each people have to struggle in order to survive.
3.2 The Approaches
To analyze the problem, the writer applied approach from Rohrberger and Woods 1971: 6-15. In Reading and Writing about Literature by Rohrberger and Woods,
there are five approaches to literature. The first approach is the formalist approach. The second is the Biographical approach the third is the sociocultural-historical
approach. The sociocultural-historical approach is an approach that refers to the civilization that produces it. The civilization here means that attitudes and actions of
a specific group of people 1971: 9. The fourth approach is the mythopoeic approach. The fifth approach is the psychological approach.
In order to reveal Indian culture in this paper, socio-cultural approach was used. The socio-cultural approach was used to figure out the socio-cultural
background of India as seen in the novel and to reveal the influence of karma on the struggle for survival of poor people.
3.3 Method of the Study
Kategori