Direct and Indirect Directives

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4.2. Direct and Indirect Directives

Dealing to the fact that directives can be expressed in the form of declarative and interrogative sentences, it is important to firstly consider which verses of the pursuit of happyness movie script are regarded as directive and which are not. By considering directives can be performed directly by means of performative and imperative sentences and indirectly by means of other types of acts. The term directive denotes the kind of an act carried out, i.e. getting directing someone to do something. Thus, there can be direct directives sit down here And indirect directives, can you sit down here?. The force of illocutionary act can be inferred through the implicature of that utterance especially the indirect act. The analysis will be discussed as follows: 1. Chris : Look, I can’t get Christopher today. Direct : stating Indirect : the speaker orders the hearer to get Christopher today. 2. Chris : Why don’t you let me do this? Direct : The speaker asks the hearer. Indirect : The speaker orders the hearer to let him do that by himself. 3. Chris : All right, just relax. Okay? Direct : The speaker suggests the hearer to get relax. 4. Chris : Come here, calm down Direct : The speaker suggests the hearer to calm down. 5. Chris : Let’s get ready for bed. Direct : the speaker asks the hearer to sleep. 6. Chris : Hey, put your plate in the sink. Universitas Sumatera Utara 36 Direct : the speaker orders the hearer to put his plate. 7. Chris : you take care. Direct : the speaker suggests the hearer to take care. 8. Chris : I don’t need you to tell me about my sales call, Linda. Direct : the speaker suggests the hearer not to tell about the sales call. Indirect : the speaker asks the hearer not to tell about his sales call. 9. Chris : So go ahead Direct : The speaker order the hearer to go ahead. 10. Say goodbye to it, because I’m coming back without it. Direct : the speaker asks the hearer to say goodbye. 11. Chris : So, you are not supposed to learn that. Direct : The speaker suggests the hearer to do what the speaker says. 12. Chris : Can you at least put the dog upstairs in your room or something? Direct : Asking whether the hearer can put he dog upstairs or not. Indirect : The speaker command the hearer to put the dog in other place. 13. Chris : come on. Direct : The speaker literally requests the hearer to stay closed. 14. Chris : You should’ve seen me out there today. Direct : The speaker suggests the hearer to see him out there. Indirect : The speaker asks the hearer to see what has happened. 15. Chris : Hey, Roy. Roy Can you beat your little rug, when nobody’s out here? Direct : The speaker asks the hearer whether he able or not. Indirect : The speaker orders the hearer to beat his little rug in other place. 16. Chris : Hey wait a second. Look, Linda, relax. Direct : The speaker orders the hearer to get relax. Universitas Sumatera Utara 37 17. Chris : Let me see it. Direct : The speaker asks the hearer to let him see. 18. Chris : Give it here Direct : The speaker command the hearer to give it. 19. Chris : Listen Direct : The speaker asks the hearer to listen what the speaker says. 20. Chris : See Direct : The speaker wants the hearer to see something. 21. Chris : Just flip around Direct : The speaker literally orders the hearer to flip around. 22. Chris : Look Direct : The speaker wants the hearer to have attention. 23. Chris : Linda, wait a minute. Hold it, hold.. Direct : The speaker literally orders the hearer to wait. 24. Chris : Hold on one second. Direct : The speaker orders the hearer to hold on. 25. Chris : Go ahead. I have one. Direct : The speaker literally orders the hearer to go ahead. 26. Chris : Can’t talk to you about numbers right now. Direct : stating Indirect : The speaker asks the hearer to keep silent and not to talk about numbers. 27. Chris : Don’t take my son away from me again. Direct : The speaker requests the hearer not to take his son away. 28. Chris : Get the hell out of here, then, Linda. Universitas Sumatera Utara 38 Direct : The speaker orders the hearer to go. 29. Chris : Stop Direct : The speaker literally orders the hearer to stop. 30. Chris : Christopher’s living with me Direct : Stating Indirect : The speaker wants the hearer to let him stay with his son. 31. Chris : You gotta get Christopher from day care. Direct : The speaker orders the hearer to take their son from day care. 32. Chris : Just keep him for the night and I’m...And... just one night. Direct : the speaker orders the hearer to do what the speaker say. 33. Chris : Come on, Linda. Direct : The speaker wants the hearer to follow what the speaker says. 34. Chris : take him to the park... and bring him back, all right? Direct : The speaker orders the hearer to do as the speaker says. 35. Chris : Just bring me my son back. Okay? Direct : The speaker requests the hearer to bring his son back. 36. Chris : Listen Direct : The speaker wants the hearer to have attention. 37. Chris : I don’t want you shooting this ball all day and night. All right? Direct : stating that the speaker don’t want the hearer shooting the ball. Indirect : warning the hearer to do what the speaker say. 38. Chris : All right, go ahead Direct : ordering the hearer to do what the speaker say. 39. Chris : Hey.. Don’t ever let somebody tell you... you can’t do something. Not even me. All right? Universitas Sumatera Utara 39 40. Chris : You got a dream... you gotta protect it. Direct : The speaker suggests the hearer to give protection as the speaker says, Indirect : The speaker orders the hearer to do what the speaker says. 41. Chris : If you want something, go get it. Direct : The speaker suggests the hearer to get something he want. Indirect : The speaker orders the hearer to do what the speaker says. 42. Chris : Let’s go Direct : The speaker invites the hearer to go. 43. Chris : Come on, come on. Keep up. Direct : the speaker asks the hearer to do what the speaker say.

4.3. Linguistic Classification of Directives