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CHAPTER II LITERATURE REVIEW
This chapter explains the definition of the research “Marketing Strategies to
Improve Sragen Tourist Attractions ”. This chapter will be divided into 3 chapters
namely tourism, promotions and Sragen Tourism Office
A. Tourism
1. The Definition of Tourism
The definition of tourism is very large; every person can be defined it in a few words or even sentence. According to Norma Polovitz Nickerson,
tourism is the action and activities of people taking trips to a place or places outside their home community for any purposes, except daily commuting to
and from work Polovitz Nickerson, 1996:9 Meanwhile, Richard sharply states that tourism is the temporary short
movement of people to destinations outside the places where they normally live and work, and their activities during their stay at this destination; it
includes movement for all purposes as well as day visits or excursions sharply, 1993:2.
Tourism contains many aspects. Several things that support tourism to become successful are:
A. Tourist Attractions
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There are three kinds of attraction namely natural, cultural, and man made attractions.
B. Transportation It is the main factor that pushes tourism development. Every tourism
object needs it to give services to tourists in surrounding places and enjoying attractions well.
C. Accommodation Accommodation covers facilities such as hotels and restaurants that are
provided to tourists during they are in tourism resort. D. Interpretation
Interpretation is the process of explaining to people the significance of the place or object they have come to see so that they enjoy their visit more,
understand their heritage and environment better and develop a more caring attitude towards conversation. Society for interpretation of
Britain’s Heritage, 1993
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2. Tourism products
According to Medlik and Middleton in Oka A. Yoeti 1983, the tourism products are divided into attractions, facilities, and accesibility.
A. Attractions
The attraction is the most powerful component in tourism industry. Attraction of a destination provides two commercial functions: to attract
people in making decision of a tourist destination and to satisfy the tourists as a compensation for their journey Gunn, 1997.
According to Marrioti in Oka A. Yoeti 1983, tourism attractions are divided into:
1. Natural attraction, such as, climate, landscape, beaches, plains, waterfall, volcanoes, flora and fauna, natural spring of mineral water, hot spring.
2. Unnatural or man-made attraction, such as, building historic monument, temple, museum folklore, and festival.
3. The way of life, such as, touchable and untouchable attractions. Touchable attractions include building palace, temple, etc and
untouchable attractions include dance, ceremony, etc. This attraction is one of the most important resources offered to tourists.
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B. Amenity
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