27 i.e. Emotive, Poetic, Conative, Phatic, Referential, and Metalinguistic.
D. Data Collection Technique
This study requires appropriate data collection techniques to obtain the appropriate data. The data collection technique in this study was the divining
manual technique, baca and catat. The data collection technique is a technique that uses library written resources to obtain the data Subroto, 1992: 42. Baca and
catat technique means that researcher as a key instrument must carefully obtain the data, and be meticulously directed to the target data source of research in the
form of expression found in poems. The goal is to obtain the information that supports the analysis and interpretation of data. The document can be in the form
of public document or private document. Public documents are such as police reports, newspaper stories, television transcripts, and more. Private documents are
such as memos, personal letters, telephone records, diaries of individuals, and others Kriyantono, R, 2006: 116.
The data about the poems line are collected by following some steps. First, the researcher read the poems to understand the content. Second, the researcher
analyzed the lyrics that contain the example belong to the figurative language. And the last, the collected data is drawn to be analyzed.
E. Data Analysis
Bogdan and Bicklen 1982 : 145 define qualitative data analysis as working with data, organizing it, breaking it into manageable units, synthesizing
it, searching for patterns, discovering what is important and what is to be learned,
28 and deciding what the researcher will tell the others. In other words, Wiersma
1995: 281 says that data analysis in qualitative study is a process of categorization, description and synthesis. Therefore, the creative, active, and
accurate process of organizing data to draw analytic scheme were the main focus of the steps. The data analyzed into following steps:
1. Classifying the Data
One step further after the data collection, the data analysis continued to identification of the themes emerging from the raw data. The researcher identified
and tentatively named the conceptual categories into which phenomena were grouped considering objective of the research.
2. Encoding the Classified Data
The researcher elaborated each phenomenon of the types of transference of meaning and the language functions found in the first chapter of Complete Poems
of Robert Frost entitled A Boy’s Will with the situation, and of course, the related
theory. Finally, the encoding result was a general view about the research findings.
3. Describing All the Appearing Categories
In this step the researcher explored the finding related to each category, explaining each context and finally explaining how the examples fit the category.
4. Drawing Conclusion This step was placed in the end of the analysis by concluding all revealed
findings. The conclusion was arranged to fit the requirement of rich but done
Kategori