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CHAPTER IV FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION
Based on the background of the research, this research was aimed to find out the types of transference of meaning and to analyze the function of the
transference of meaning used in the first chapter of Complete Poems of Robert Frost entitled
A Boy’s Will. Through this chapter, the findings of the research are explained into two parts, i.e findings and discussion. The findings section is filled
by the table of the data contains transference of meaning and language functions. Meanwhile, the discussion describes the analysis of each type of transference of
meaning and language functions found in the first chapter of Complete Poems of Robert Frost entitled
A Boy’s Will.
A. Findings
There were two cases found in this research. The researcher found both cases in the first chapter of Complete Poems of Robert Frost entitled
A Boy’s Will. They were 1 transference of meaning and 2 language functions. The finding of
transference of meaning and language functions found in the first chapter of Complete Poems of Robert Frost entitled
A Boy’s Will by Holt, Rinehart and Winston are presented in the following table.
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1. Table Transference of Meaning and Language Function Used in the Chapter
Based on table, there were four types of transference of meaning and two data of language functions found in the first chapter of Complete Poems of Robert
Frost entitled A Boy’s Will. They were 1 two data of metaphor with poetic
function and two data of metaphor with phatic function, 2 one datum of metonymy with phatic function, 3 7 data of simile with poetic function and three
data of simile with phatic function, 4 10 data of personification with poetic function and 5 data of personification with phatic function.
B. Discussion
1. Transference of Meaning in the First Chapter of Complete Poems of Robert Frost entitled
A Boy’s Will
There are four types of transference of meaning found in the first chapter of Complete Poems of Robert Frost entitled
A Boy’s Will by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. They are metaphor, metonymy, simile, and personification. They are 1
four data of metaphor, 2 one datum of metonymy, 3 10 data of simile and 4 15 data of personification. The results of the transference of meaning are
explained in each category.
No. Transference
of Meaning Languange Function
Total
Metalinguistic Referential
Conative Emotive
Poetic Phatic
1. Synecdoche
- -
- -
- -
- 2.
Metonymy -
- -
- -
1 1
3. Metaphor
- -
- -
2 2
4 4.
Simile -
- -
- 7
3 10
5. Personification
- -
- -
10 5
15 Total
19 11
30
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a. Metaphor
Metaphor is so central to the notion of poetic creation that iy is often treated as a phenomenon in its own right, without reference to other kinds of
transferred meaning Leech, 1968: 150. Metaphor is used in sentences to compare or describe something with different things which mostly have no
similarity but they are connected as if they have a deep relation between one another. The use of Metaphor is generally applied for comparing an unanimated
thing with something that is alive. It is used to make the unanimated thing alive as if it was a living thing. There are four data of metaphor in the first chapter of
Complete Poems of Robert Frost entitled A Boy’s Will. The metaphor was found
in datum 9 by in the following poem entitled Wind and Window Flowers. Lovers, forget your love,
And list to the love of these. She a window flower,
And he a winter breeze.
Datum 9 The line 4 which says And he a winter breeze contains metaphor. The
metaphor is explained by describing the man he as a winter breeze. The author makes comparison between living things with an unanimated thing. In this case,
the author describes the living thing to an unanimated one. The author makes the comparison to make the reader feel the character of the man he. By comparing it
with the unanimated thing which is claimed to possess similarity by the author, the message of the poem can be clearly delivered to the reader.
In this poem, the author tells about lovers. The author tends to say that their relationship does not work. It is clarified in line 1: Lovers, forget your love.
35 The author suggests the lovers to forget their love to one another. The author is
convinced that the lovers are not suitable one another. The statement is strengthened by giving a comparison between the lovers. The author makes
comparison deliberately as inconspicuous as possible. It is clarified in line 3 She a window flower and line 4 And he a winter breeze. The author describes the
woman as something nice and mostly wanted because her presence makes the environment look more beautiful the window flower, which is not synchronized
and does not fit with the description of the man which is represented as the winter breeze. As people know that the winter breeze is something cold. When people
think about winter breeze, they could feel so cold only by imagining. It can be said that only by imagining the winter breeze, it directly makes sense gone cold
and therefore it is the unwanted thing by human in general. Also it can be clearly seen by the logic that there is a big difference between she and he. That is the
reason why the author suggests them to end their relationship. The use of metaphor was also found in the poem entitled October. The
datum was found in line 18. Slow, slow
For the ‘grapes’ sake, if they were all, Datum 31 Whose leaves already are burnt with frost,
Whose clustered fruit must else be lost For the grapes sake along the wall.
This stanza, especially line 18, contains the metaphor. The metaphor is
shown by the words for the grape’s sake. The grapes is not only a kind of fruit but
it has another meaning. The word sake is usually used for something important and not for something random. There must be a meaning inside the word instead