Data Trustworthiness RESEARCH METHODS

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CHAPTER IV FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION

Based on the background of the research, this research was aimed to find out the types of transference of meaning and to analyze the function of the transference of meaning used in the first chapter of Complete Poems of Robert Frost entitled A Boy’s Will. Through this chapter, the findings of the research are explained into two parts, i.e findings and discussion. The findings section is filled by the table of the data contains transference of meaning and language functions. Meanwhile, the discussion describes the analysis of each type of transference of meaning and language functions found in the first chapter of Complete Poems of Robert Frost entitled A Boy’s Will.

A. Findings

There were two cases found in this research. The researcher found both cases in the first chapter of Complete Poems of Robert Frost entitled A Boy’s Will. They were 1 transference of meaning and 2 language functions. The finding of transference of meaning and language functions found in the first chapter of Complete Poems of Robert Frost entitled A Boy’s Will by Holt, Rinehart and Winston are presented in the following table. 33

1. Table Transference of Meaning and Language Function Used in the Chapter

Based on table, there were four types of transference of meaning and two data of language functions found in the first chapter of Complete Poems of Robert Frost entitled A Boy’s Will. They were 1 two data of metaphor with poetic function and two data of metaphor with phatic function, 2 one datum of metonymy with phatic function, 3 7 data of simile with poetic function and three data of simile with phatic function, 4 10 data of personification with poetic function and 5 data of personification with phatic function.

B. Discussion

1. Transference of Meaning in the First Chapter of Complete Poems of Robert Frost entitled A Boy’s Will There are four types of transference of meaning found in the first chapter of Complete Poems of Robert Frost entitled A Boy’s Will by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. They are metaphor, metonymy, simile, and personification. They are 1 four data of metaphor, 2 one datum of metonymy, 3 10 data of simile and 4 15 data of personification. The results of the transference of meaning are explained in each category. No. Transference of Meaning Languange Function Total Metalinguistic Referential Conative Emotive Poetic Phatic

1. Synecdoche

- - - - - - - 2. Metonymy - - - - - 1 1

3. Metaphor

- - - - 2 2 4 4. Simile - - - - 7 3 10

5. Personification

- - - - 10 5 15 Total 19 11 30 34

a. Metaphor

Metaphor is so central to the notion of poetic creation that iy is often treated as a phenomenon in its own right, without reference to other kinds of transferred meaning Leech, 1968: 150. Metaphor is used in sentences to compare or describe something with different things which mostly have no similarity but they are connected as if they have a deep relation between one another. The use of Metaphor is generally applied for comparing an unanimated thing with something that is alive. It is used to make the unanimated thing alive as if it was a living thing. There are four data of metaphor in the first chapter of Complete Poems of Robert Frost entitled A Boy’s Will. The metaphor was found in datum 9 by in the following poem entitled Wind and Window Flowers. Lovers, forget your love, And list to the love of these. She a window flower, And he a winter breeze. Datum 9 The line 4 which says And he a winter breeze contains metaphor. The metaphor is explained by describing the man he as a winter breeze. The author makes comparison between living things with an unanimated thing. In this case, the author describes the living thing to an unanimated one. The author makes the comparison to make the reader feel the character of the man he. By comparing it with the unanimated thing which is claimed to possess similarity by the author, the message of the poem can be clearly delivered to the reader. In this poem, the author tells about lovers. The author tends to say that their relationship does not work. It is clarified in line 1: Lovers, forget your love. 35 The author suggests the lovers to forget their love to one another. The author is convinced that the lovers are not suitable one another. The statement is strengthened by giving a comparison between the lovers. The author makes comparison deliberately as inconspicuous as possible. It is clarified in line 3 She a window flower and line 4 And he a winter breeze. The author describes the woman as something nice and mostly wanted because her presence makes the environment look more beautiful the window flower, which is not synchronized and does not fit with the description of the man which is represented as the winter breeze. As people know that the winter breeze is something cold. When people think about winter breeze, they could feel so cold only by imagining. It can be said that only by imagining the winter breeze, it directly makes sense gone cold and therefore it is the unwanted thing by human in general. Also it can be clearly seen by the logic that there is a big difference between she and he. That is the reason why the author suggests them to end their relationship. The use of metaphor was also found in the poem entitled October. The datum was found in line 18. Slow, slow For the ‘grapes’ sake, if they were all, Datum 31 Whose leaves already are burnt with frost, Whose clustered fruit must else be lost For the grapes sake along the wall. This stanza, especially line 18, contains the metaphor. The metaphor is shown by the words for the grape’s sake. The grapes is not only a kind of fruit but it has another meaning. The word sake is usually used for something important and not for something random. There must be a meaning inside the word instead