literary analysis, Marxism’s methodology is a dynamic process declaring that a proper critique proper being defined as one that agrees with socialistic or Marxist
beliefs of a text cannot be isolated from the cultural situation from which the text evolved”.
This approch is used as the guide to the analysis. It sees the issues in society of the poem from Marxism point of view especially the conflict of two
different classes and the struggle among the people in lower class in society. As Bressler 1994:221 also adds that “a Marxist approach seeks to exposethe
dominant class, to demonstrate how the bourgeoisie’s ideology controls and oppresses the working class, and to highlight the elements of society most
affected by such oppresssion.” Accorrding to Bressler the study of literature and the study about society
are related to each other. He says, Necessarily, Marxist argue, the study of literature and the study of society
are intricately bound. Such a relationship demands that a Marxist approach to a text deal with more that the conventional literary themes, matters of
style, plot, or characterization, and the usual emphasis on figure of speech and other literary devices Bressler, 1994: 221.
Since this analysis focuses on the contribution of the figurative language to reveal the class struggle, therefore Marxist approach is relevant to this analysis.
C. Method of the Study
This study uses library reaserch method to find the supporting sources and references that help the researcher to make the analysis. There were several steps
in order to develop the analysis. First, the researcher collected the figurative language and allusions from the poem. Second, the researcher categorized them
into some types of figure of speech─whether they are simile, metaphor, personification, or symbol─by using the theories of figurative language that have
been mention in the chapter II. Third, after categorizing them, the researcher tried to interpret and analyze the implied meaning of each figurative language and
allusions. Fourth, by using the theories of capitalism, social stratification, social classes, class struggle and also Marxism approaches, the researcher tried to relate
the meaning of each figurative language and allusions with the idea of class struggle that happens among the society of the poem and prove the findings with
the related social background of the poet and social condition when the poem was written. Fifth, the last step, the researcher could come to the conclusion of the
analysis.
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CHAPTER IV ANALYSIS
This chapter provides the analysis of the study. It answers two problems formulation that have been mentioned in chapter I. There are two sub-chapters in
this analysis. The first one is the finding figurative language and allusions in Kahlil Gibran’s “We and You”. It contains some types of figure of speech and
allusions found in the poem and the meaning of each of them. The second one is the contribution of those kinds of figurative language and allusions in showing the
idea of class struggle. It contains the elaboration about how the meaning of the finding figurative language and allusions can reveal the idea of class struggle.
A. The Figurative Language and Allusions
1. Similes
a. When we cry, our tears fall into the
Heart of Life, as dewdrops fall from the Eyes of Night into the heart of Dawn; and
When you laugh, your mocking laughter pours Down like the vipers venom into a wound
Gibran, 1947, stanza 8, line 4-8
It has been mentioned in the former chapter that simile is a comparison which uses some kinds of words or phrases such as, like, as, similar, than, seems,
resembles and so on. In this stanza, there are two comparisons which are
considered as simile. The first is comparison between ‘tears’ and ‘dew’. On one hand, in this context, ‘tears’ is related to sadness, suffering, and sorrow then it
describes as dew that drops fall the Eyes of Night. On the other hand, the word ‘dew’ is related to rebirth and a brand new day because dew appears in every
