Problem Formulations Objectives of the Study

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CHAPTER II REVIEW OF LITERATURE

This chapter is divided into four parts, they are review of related studies, review of related theories, and theoretical framework. The review of related studies will elaborate the studies that have been done by the other researchers in related with the topic. The review of related theories will conclude the theories that are used in solving the problems. Theoretical framework is the part of explaining the role of the related theories in order to answer the problems.

A. Review of Related Studies

In this part, there will be several studies of the previous researchers, which still related to the topic of this research. The studies also discuss about African American Vernacular English but in different sources. These related studies are important in order to elaborate the analysis. 1. A graduate thesis entitled The African American English in Georgia Doyle Johnson‟s Frederick Douglas and Loraine Hansberry‟s „A Raisin in the Sun by Nizmanuddin Sadiq. The purpose of his thesis is to comprehend and describe the forms of particular variety of informal English that is African American English. To achieve the purpose, he includes the distinctive features of African American Vernacular English shown in the novels based on phonological, morph- syntactical and lexical items then compares those features to Standard English. The difference between Sadiq‟s thesis and this thesis lies on the theories. Sadiq‟s thesis uses the theories of style: formal and informal style. His thesis is helpful as a guidance for this thesis. There are some findings which similar to the findings of this thesis. However, some items that are not existed in the Sadiq‟s thesis will be revealed in this thesis. 2. An undergraduate thesis entitled A Phonological Analysis of Black English i n 50 Cent‟s Song Lyrics in the Album „Curtis‟ by Estu Kuncoro Ismarono. The focus of this thesis is on the phonological features of Black English. The purpose of Ismarono‟s thesis is to know phonological processes of Black English that lead to different spelling. To achieve the purpose, Ismarono firstly analyzes the each word of the lyrics into phonological process. After that, Ismarono can derive the characteristics of Black English phonology. The difference between Ismarono‟s thesis and this thesis lie on the focus. We discuss the same topic, which is African American Vernacular English or Black English, but Ismarono only focusses on the phonological features. The other difference also lies on the form of the work. Ismarono uses 50 C ent‟s songs so he can hear how the singer produces the sound. Meanwhile, this thesis uses a novel, which is written. Therefore, this thesis needs to use orthography theory. The findings of I smarono‟s thesis are guidance to the phonological features. His findings of phonological process are quite complete. It helps this thesis to elaborate more about phonological processes happen to African American Vernacular English. 3. An undergraduate thesis entitled A Study of the Use of Black English in Afro-American Movies Entitled „Bad Boy‟ I and II, and „Rush Hour‟ I and II by