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Reading Understanding meaning written short
functional texts and essay in texts : narrative, descriptive and news item
in daily life contexts to access knowledge.
Writing Expressing meaning of written short
functional texts and simple essay in texts : narrative, descriptive and
news item in the daily life contexts. descriptive and news item
- Responding meaning written short
functional texts i.e announcement , advertisement, invitation, etc
formal and informal, accurately, fluent and applicable in daily life
contexts to access knowledge.
- Responding meaning and ways of written rhetoric texts of essay
accurately, fluent and applicable in the daily life contexts and to access
knowledge in texts narrative, descriptive, and news item
- Expressing meaning of written short
functional texts i.e announcement, advertisement, and invitation, etc
formal and informal using various written language accurately, fluent
and applicable in daily life contexts.
- Expressing meaning and ways of rhetoric accurately, fluent and
applicable by using various written language in texts : narrative,
descriptive and news item
The original text of standar isi can be seen in appendeces.
2.9 Understanding Text – Reconstructing the Context
To understand a text, we can reconstruct its context of situation. Gerot and Wignell 1995:12 point out that there is a systematic relationship
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between context and text. The wordings of texts simultaneously encode three types of meaning : ideational, interpersonal, and textual.
Ideational meanings are meanings about phenomena, about things living and non living, abstract and concrete, about going on what the things
are or do and the circumstances surrounding these happenings and doings. These meanings are realized in wordings through Participants, Processes, and
Circumstances. Meanings of kind are most centrally influenced by the field of discourse.
Interpersonal meanings are meaning which express a speaker’s attitudes and judgments. Meaning are realized in wordings through what is called Mood
and Modality. Meanings of this kind are most centrally influenced by tenor of discourse.
Textual meanings express the relation of language to its environment, including both the verbal environment – what has been said or written before
co – text and the non - verbal, situational environment context. These patterns are realized through patterns of theme and cohesion. Textual
meanings are influenced by mode of discourse. Halliday achieved explicitness in his model of context by developing a
conceptual framework containing the three functional variables of situation : ‘field’, ‘tenor’, and ‘mode’ Halliday, 1978: 222. These concepts serve to
interpret the social context of atext, the environment in which meanings are being exchanged.
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CHAPTER III METHOD OF INVESTIGATION
3.1 Research Design
The main purpose of the study is to describe communicative purpose, text structure and language feature of short functional texts and essays in
English Text Book Grade X. Furthermore in this study I use descriptive analysis. As mentioned by Koenjtaraningrat 1986: 29, descriptive analysis is
analysis that aims at describing the existence of condition through the activity of collecting the data and clarifying the hypothesis. In other words this study
will use qualitative research design. In order to gain the objective of this study I present the technique of
gathering data, procedure of collecting data, technique for analyzing data and method of interpreting the result.
3.1.1 Technique of Gathering Data
3.1.1.1 The Object of the Study The object of this study is short functional texts and essays that
will be collected from a sample of English Textbook used in grade X. The choice of the sample is based on the Senior High School Teacher’s
Recommendation who were teaching the X level of Madrasah Aliyah Negeri in ex – Bakarlin Pati. They are teacher’s of MAN 1 Pati, MAN 2
Pati, MAN 1 Kudus, MAN 2 Kudus, MAN 1 Jepara, MAN 2 Jepara, MAN Rembang, MAN Lasem and MAN Blora. Based on their
