Penentuan Kadar Mineral Kalsium dan Besi pada Daun Ubi Jalar (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.) secara Spektrofotometri Serapan Atom
PENENTUAN KADAR MINERAL KALSIUM DAN BESI PADA
DAUN UBI JALAR (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.) SECARA
SPEKTROFOTOMETRI SERAPAN ATOM
ABSTRAK
Ubi jalar (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.) mulai menyebar ke seluruh dunia
terutama negara-negara beriklim tropik diperkirakan pada abad ke-16. Sifat
pertumbuhan ubi jalar yang lebih toleran terhadap penyakit, hama, serta dapat
dipanen beberapa kali dalam setahun menyebabkan penanaman ubi jalar hampir
meluas disemua provinsi di Indonesia. Namun, selama ini penggunaan ubi jalar di
Indonesia hanya sebatas pada umbinya saja. Padahal pada daun ubi jalar banyak
mengandung vitamin, mineral, dan nutrisi lainnya yang sebanding dengan bayam.
Bahkan kandungan kalsium, besi, dan karoten pada daun ubi jalar lebih tinggi
dibandingkan dengan sayuran utama lainnya. Kalsium dan besi merupakan mineral
yang sangat dibutuhkan oleh tubuh. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk penentuan
kadar kalsium dan besi yang terkandung pada daun ubi jalar.
Penelitian ini dilakukan pada daun ubi jalar berdasarkan perbedaan warna
umbinya, yakni pada daun ubi jalar berumbi ungu, kuning, dan putih. Penelitian
dilakukan secara analisis kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Analisis kualitatif dilakukan
menggunakan pereaksi H2SO4 untuk kalsium, dan pereaksi amonium tiosianat
untuk besi. Sedangkan analisis kuantitatif dilakukan secara spektrofotometri
serapan atom pada panjang gelombang 422,7 nm untuk kalsium dan 248,3 nm
untuk besi.
Hasil penetapan kadar kalsium pada daun ubi jalar berumbi ungu, kuning,
dan putih diperoleh 195,0471 ± 4,2502 mg/100 g; 175,5887 ± 1,9878 mg/100 g,
dan 323,5381 ± 6,7880 mg/100 g. Sedangkan untuk kadar besinya diperoleh
8,7159 ± 0,2310 mg/100 g; 15,0092 ± 0,7342 mg/100 g, dan 29,9219 ± 0,8979
mg/100 g. Daun ubi jalar berumbi putih mengandung kadar kalsium dan besi yang
lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan daun ubi jalar berumbi ungu dan kuning.
Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa daun ubi jalar dapat
digunakan sebagai bahan pangan alternatif bagi masyarakat karena tingginya
mineral bermanfaat yang terkandung di dalamnya.
Kata Kunci : Daun Ubi Jalar, Kalsium, Besi, Spektrofotometri Serapan Atom.
vii
Universitas Sumatera Utara
DETERMINATION OF MINERAL LEVELS OF CALCIUM
AND IRON IN SWEETPOTATO LEAVES (Ipomoea batatas (L.)
Lam.) BY ATOMIC ABSORPTION SPECTROFOTOMETRY
ABSTRACT
The sweet potatoes (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.) began to spread around
the world, especially to the tropical countries was predicted in the 16th century.
The nature of their growth were more tolerant to disease, pests, and can be
harvested several times a year leads to their widespread planting almost in all
provinces in Indonesia. However, during this time, the use of sweet potato in
Indonesia was limited in tuber only. Though their leaves are rich of vitamins,
minerals, and other nutrients that are comparable to spinach. Even the content of
calcium, iron, and carotene in sweet potato leaves is higher compared to other
major vegetables. Calcium and iron are minerals that are needed by the body. The
aim of this research was to determine level of calcium and iron in a sweetpotato
leaves.
This research was conducted on the leaves of sweet potato based on the
color difference of their tubers, namely the leaves of purple, yellow, and white
sweet potato. The research was conducted by qualitative and quantitative analysis.
Qualitative analysis was performed using H2SO4 reagent for calcium and
ammonium thiocyanate reagent for iron. Quantitative analyzes conducted by
atomic absorption spectrophotometry at a wavelength of 422.7 nm for calcium and
at 248.3 nm for iron.
The results of the assay of calcium in purple, yellow, and white sweet
potato leaves obtained 195.0471 ± 4.2502 mg/100 g; 175.5887 ± 1.9878 mg/100 g,
and 323.5381 ± 6.7880 mg/100 g. Whereas the iron content is obtained 8.7159 ±
0.2310 mg/100 g; 15.0092 ± 0.7342 mg/100 g, and 29.9219 ± 0.8979 mg/100 g.
The calcium and iron level of white sweet potato leaves were higher than the
purple and yellow one. Based on the results it can be concluded that the sweet
potato leaves can be used as alternative food because of their high beneficial
minerals contained.
Keyword
:
Sweetpotato Leaves,
Spectrophotometer
Calcium,
Iron,
Atomic
Absorption
viii
Universitas Sumatera Utara
DAUN UBI JALAR (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.) SECARA
SPEKTROFOTOMETRI SERAPAN ATOM
ABSTRAK
Ubi jalar (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.) mulai menyebar ke seluruh dunia
terutama negara-negara beriklim tropik diperkirakan pada abad ke-16. Sifat
pertumbuhan ubi jalar yang lebih toleran terhadap penyakit, hama, serta dapat
dipanen beberapa kali dalam setahun menyebabkan penanaman ubi jalar hampir
meluas disemua provinsi di Indonesia. Namun, selama ini penggunaan ubi jalar di
Indonesia hanya sebatas pada umbinya saja. Padahal pada daun ubi jalar banyak
mengandung vitamin, mineral, dan nutrisi lainnya yang sebanding dengan bayam.
Bahkan kandungan kalsium, besi, dan karoten pada daun ubi jalar lebih tinggi
dibandingkan dengan sayuran utama lainnya. Kalsium dan besi merupakan mineral
yang sangat dibutuhkan oleh tubuh. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk penentuan
kadar kalsium dan besi yang terkandung pada daun ubi jalar.
Penelitian ini dilakukan pada daun ubi jalar berdasarkan perbedaan warna
umbinya, yakni pada daun ubi jalar berumbi ungu, kuning, dan putih. Penelitian
dilakukan secara analisis kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Analisis kualitatif dilakukan
menggunakan pereaksi H2SO4 untuk kalsium, dan pereaksi amonium tiosianat
untuk besi. Sedangkan analisis kuantitatif dilakukan secara spektrofotometri
serapan atom pada panjang gelombang 422,7 nm untuk kalsium dan 248,3 nm
untuk besi.
Hasil penetapan kadar kalsium pada daun ubi jalar berumbi ungu, kuning,
dan putih diperoleh 195,0471 ± 4,2502 mg/100 g; 175,5887 ± 1,9878 mg/100 g,
dan 323,5381 ± 6,7880 mg/100 g. Sedangkan untuk kadar besinya diperoleh
8,7159 ± 0,2310 mg/100 g; 15,0092 ± 0,7342 mg/100 g, dan 29,9219 ± 0,8979
mg/100 g. Daun ubi jalar berumbi putih mengandung kadar kalsium dan besi yang
lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan daun ubi jalar berumbi ungu dan kuning.
Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa daun ubi jalar dapat
digunakan sebagai bahan pangan alternatif bagi masyarakat karena tingginya
mineral bermanfaat yang terkandung di dalamnya.
Kata Kunci : Daun Ubi Jalar, Kalsium, Besi, Spektrofotometri Serapan Atom.
vii
Universitas Sumatera Utara
DETERMINATION OF MINERAL LEVELS OF CALCIUM
AND IRON IN SWEETPOTATO LEAVES (Ipomoea batatas (L.)
Lam.) BY ATOMIC ABSORPTION SPECTROFOTOMETRY
ABSTRACT
The sweet potatoes (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.) began to spread around
the world, especially to the tropical countries was predicted in the 16th century.
The nature of their growth were more tolerant to disease, pests, and can be
harvested several times a year leads to their widespread planting almost in all
provinces in Indonesia. However, during this time, the use of sweet potato in
Indonesia was limited in tuber only. Though their leaves are rich of vitamins,
minerals, and other nutrients that are comparable to spinach. Even the content of
calcium, iron, and carotene in sweet potato leaves is higher compared to other
major vegetables. Calcium and iron are minerals that are needed by the body. The
aim of this research was to determine level of calcium and iron in a sweetpotato
leaves.
This research was conducted on the leaves of sweet potato based on the
color difference of their tubers, namely the leaves of purple, yellow, and white
sweet potato. The research was conducted by qualitative and quantitative analysis.
Qualitative analysis was performed using H2SO4 reagent for calcium and
ammonium thiocyanate reagent for iron. Quantitative analyzes conducted by
atomic absorption spectrophotometry at a wavelength of 422.7 nm for calcium and
at 248.3 nm for iron.
The results of the assay of calcium in purple, yellow, and white sweet
potato leaves obtained 195.0471 ± 4.2502 mg/100 g; 175.5887 ± 1.9878 mg/100 g,
and 323.5381 ± 6.7880 mg/100 g. Whereas the iron content is obtained 8.7159 ±
0.2310 mg/100 g; 15.0092 ± 0.7342 mg/100 g, and 29.9219 ± 0.8979 mg/100 g.
The calcium and iron level of white sweet potato leaves were higher than the
purple and yellow one. Based on the results it can be concluded that the sweet
potato leaves can be used as alternative food because of their high beneficial
minerals contained.
Keyword
:
Sweetpotato Leaves,
Spectrophotometer
Calcium,
Iron,
Atomic
Absorption
viii
Universitas Sumatera Utara