of ship by using original photos and did the survey on ship‘s fusilage in the bottom of Atlantic sea.
20
Setting is one of the main elements that supporting narrative film. The main function of setting is as guider place and time to give information or context of the
story. Beside as the background of the story, it is able to built mood as story demand. Another function is that setting is capable to give time, era, or season information as
narrative context. Daily of time element such as morning, afternoon, evening, and night are absolut to be filled to explain story context. Setting decoration can
determine social status of character. Setting for high-class huge, luxury property is contrasly different with low-
class‘ setting small, dark, and simple property like in Pride and Prejudice.
21
To built mood and situation, setting usually is related to lighting. High-light setting tends to formal and warm. In other side, low-light setting tends to cold,
intimate, mysterious, and creepy. Despite to built mood, setting could have certain motives or symbols and supporting active scene. Like in action or comedy film,
properties function actively to support action scenes. E.g : Jackie Chan always utilizes the things around him to support his action like window and door, when he
fights with his enemy or in Final Destination when the things around the characters conspire to kill them.
22
20
Pratista. Op. Cit., p. 66
21
Ibid., pp. 66-68
22
Ibid., p. 70
2. Location
Location is the place where scene occurs. Location consists of indoor and outdoor.
23
Location refers to scenes that are shoot in places that exist outside, such as streets and buildings, rather than places that have been constructed especially for the
shoot.
24
3. Iconography
Iconography is themes or concept expressed by symbolically-charged objects and events. Its visual motives let the audiences to identify certain films on certain
genres. Iconography consists of recurring symbolic images that carry meanings from film to film. It helps audiences to understand quickly about information such as
character, action, setting, and costume. In genre films, iconography refers to particular objects, archetypal characters, and even spesific actors. Iconography may
also refer to general
mise-en-scène of a genre.
E.g in western genre, a cowboy who dresses all in black and wear two guns, holster tied to either thigh, is invariably a
gunfighter. This is the iconography wardrobe of a generic type.
25
4. Narrative Events
At simplest level, narrative is the telling of the story. More precisely, it is a movie devoted to convey fictional or fictionalized stories, usually it is organizd in
23
Jason J. Tomaric. The Power Film Making Kit : Make your professional movie on a next-to- nothing-budget. Burlington: Elsevier, 2008, p. 258
24
―What is a filming location‖. Primeshootlocation.com. Retrieved from http:www.primeshootlocations.com32what-is-a-filming-location
accessed on March 1, 2015
25
Barry Keith Grant. Film Genre from Iconography to Ideology. London: Wallflower Press, 2007, p. 11-12
traditional narrative structure, including exposition, rising action, climax, falling action, and denoument.
26
Climax
Rising Action Falling Action
Exposition Denoument
Notes : Exposition provides background information on the characters, setting, and
basic conflict. Rising action, the principal conflict develops and may be complicated
Climax, the turning point, where, for example, the protagonist may begin to overpower the antagonist, or the opposite
Falling action, the principal conflict moves toward resolution Denoument, the final part, there should be no question about the resolution
unless, ambiguity is intended.
5. Character
Character is another essential element of film narrative. Story does not exist if either plot or characters are missing.
27
Character usually has physical appeareance that commonly can be divided into : human character and non-human character.
26
Richard M. Barsam and Dave Monahan. Looking at Movies : An Introduction to Film - Third Edition. United States: W. W. Norton Company Inc, 2010, p. 114
27
Ibid., p. 134
Character does not have just non-physical appearence and animation. Commonly,
film always uses human character as the main character. In some cases, character
doesn‘t have to presence physically, like in telephone conversation or monitor video
or sometimes in playing with the physical and non-physical boundaries. 6.
Plot Structure
Plot is a structure for presenting everything that we see and hear in a film.
28
The way of movie‘s story is structured—its plot—also helps viewers to determine what it is genre.
29
Through plot, screenwriters and directors can provide structure to stories and guide viewer‘s emotional responses. Plot of Noir or Neo Noir most
twisting and flashbacks and amnesia suffered by the protagonist was a common plot device.
30
The typical Noir plot is the main character is lured into violence and usually to his own destruction by the femme fatale.
31
Jane Stokes gives an example analysis in comparing some conventions of gangster films and television situation comedy by six elements that he mentioned.
This is the example table by Jane Stokes.
32
Gangster Film Situation Comedy
Setting The city
Harsh social background The city
Middle-class USA
28
Ibid., p. 120
29
Ibid., p. 83
30
―Film Noir‖. Filmsite.org. Retrieved from http:www.filmsite.orgfilmnoir.html
accessed on March 2, 2015
31
Mark T. Conard. The Philosophy of Film Noir. Kentucky: The University of Kentucky, 2007, p.27
32
Stokes. Op. Cit., p. 88
