increased from US3 million in 2005 to US4 million in 2010. The year-on-year GRDP growth between 2005 and 2010 ranged from 5.2 per cent in 2005 to 8 per cent in 2010. In comparison
, Indonesia’s GDP growth rate was 5.7 per cent in 2005 and 5.9
1
per cent in 2010 indicating that the gap between the average growth rate of the province and country has increased in recent years. The World Bank, 2012b.
The unemployment rate in South Sulawesi has declined faster than the national average. The unemployment rate is higher than that of the country as a whole, although in South Sulawesi it fell from 19
per cent in 2005 to 8 per cent in 2010. In the same period, unemployment in Indonesia as a whole fell from 10 per cent to 7 per cent The World Bank, 2012b.
2.2 Role of the fishing industry in the economy
The fishing industry accounts for a small proportion of the economy of Indonesia. The average contribution of fisheries to GDP was around 2 per cent between 2000 and 2012. Its average annual rate of
fisheries GDP growth between 2000 and 2012 was 6 per cent, closely tracking the economy’s GDP which
grew at 5 per cent during the same period. see Figure 5.. The industry employed approximately 3 million fishers and 900 other employees in the country in 2009, around 1.6 per cent of the total
populationDirectorate of Planning for Agribusiness, 2011. The share of fisheries in In
donesia’s total exports has declined since 2000 see Figure 6. It was on
average 1.8 per cent between 2000 and 2013. In 2010, fisheries accounted for 1.3 per cent of exports, and was ranked 18
th
among the exporting sectors.
The BSC in Indonesia contributed 0.1 per cent to total exports and 7 per cent to the fisheries exports in 2012. The export value of BSC was US368 million in 2012 USAID Indonesia Marine and Climate
Support, 2014. Figure 7 shows that the catch of the BSC grew eightfold between 1991 and 2011; it was 40,000 tonnes in 2012, but only 5,000 tonnes in 1977.
South-east Sulawesi accounts for between 5 and 10 per cent of the national export of BSC. This amounted to US18 to US37 million in 2012 USAID Indonesia Marine and Climate Support, 2014. In
2012, there were approximately 2,000 boats below 20 gross tonnage GT and fishers in South Sulawesi USAID Indonesia Marine and Climate Support, 2013
.
Figure 5. The growth of fisheries has followed that of overall GDP since 2000
Source: Bank of Indonesia, UN COMTRADE
Figure 6.
The share of fisheries in Indonesian exports has declined since 2000
Source: UN COMTRADE
2.16 2.17
2.18 2.19
2.20 2.21
2.22 2.23
2.24 2.25
50 100
150 200
250
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 C
on tr
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D P
In de
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Contribution of fisheries Fisheries indexed at 2000
GDP indexed at 2000
0.0 0.5
1.0 1.5
2.0 2.5
3.0
2000 2001
2002 2003
2004 2005
2006 2007
2008 2009
2010 2011
2012 2013
C o
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