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4.5. Metode Penelitian
Bagian ini merupakan bagian yang paling gamblang untuk ditulis tetapi dapat menjadi kabur apabila penulis menceriterakan terlalu banyak
rincian. Hal yang penting untuk diperhatikan adalah justru bagaimana penulis mengetahui apa yang tidak perlu dicantumkan.
Jadi perlu pertimbangan mana yang perlu dijelaskan diuraikan dan apa yang tidak
perlu dicantumkan tanpa mengurangi makna dan arti tulisan. Salah satu kriteria utama dalam penulisan metode penelitian yang
baik adalah apabila peneliti lain dapat mengulangi penelitian itu setelah membaca uraian tersebut. Aplikasi teknik baru atau modifikasi lama
sebaiknya diuraikan dengan lengkap, ringkas, dan tepat. Jika teknik ini telah pernah diuraikan selengkapnya, penulis cukup mengacu pada pustaka
tersebut. Demikian pula dengan teknik statistik. Apabila teknik itu telah dijelaskan selengkapnya dalam publikasi atau buku pengajaran texbook
tertentu maka cukup diacu saja. Analisis statistik, dan juga analisis kimia , umumnya merupakan alat bantu yang digunakan oleh para peneliti, bukan
tujuan akhirnya. Namun demukian, apabila penulis melakukan proses derivasi matematika maka perlu dijelaskan meskipun meskipun satu atau dua
acuan dapat meringankan tugas penulis.
This section is variously called Methods or Methods and Materials.
Function:
This section explains clearly how you carried out your study in the following general structure and organization details follow below:
the the organisms studied
plant, animal, human, etc. and their pre- experiment handling and care, and when and where the study was
carried out only if location and time are important factors; note that the term subject is used ONLY for human studies.
if a field study, a description of the study site
, including the significant physical and biological features, and precise location latitude and
longitude, map, etc; the
experimental OR sampling design i.e., how the experiment or study
was structured. For example, controls, treatments, the variables measured, how many samples were collected, replication, etc.;
the protocol for collecting data
, i.e., how the experimental procedures were carried out, and,
how the data were analyzed qualitiative analyses andor statistical
procedures used. Organize presentation so any reader will understand the logical flow of the
research; sub-headings work well for this purpose. Each experiment or procedure should be presented as a unit, even if it was broken up over time. The
experimental design and procedure are sometimes most efficiently presented as an integrated unit, because otherwise it would be difficult to split them up. In
general, provide enough
quantitative detail how much, how long, when, etc.
about your experimental protocol such that other scientists could reproduce your experiments. You should also indicate the
statistical procedures used to
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analyze your results, including the probability level at which you determined significance usually at 0.05 probability.
Style:
The style in this section should read as if you were verbally describing the conduct of the experiment. You may use the active voice to a certain extent,
although this section requires more use of third person, passive constructions than others. Avoid use of the first person in this section. Remember to use the
past tense throughout - the work being reported is done, and was performed in the past, not the future. The Methods section is not a step-by-step, directive,
protocol as you might see in your lab manual.
4.6. Hasil Penelitian Results
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