3.3 Participant
The subjects of the study were the English teacher and the fifth grade students in SD Mungkid I Blabak Mungkid Magelang. The teacher is female. She
is still young, active and enthusiastic. She has been working in this school for 2 years. The amount of the fifth grade students in SD Mungkid I were 27 students. It
consisted of 15 girls and 12 boys. They were between 10 – 12 years old. This research focused the English teacher as the major participant. Two years are not a
short time of working in that Elementary School. Because of her experience in teaching the students, the teacher must have a good solution in the problems
presented above.
3.4 Data collection
The observations were conducted from February until July 2006. The data
were gathered by using recording, taking notes, and document analysis.
3.4.1 Recording
There were two kinds of recording used in this study. The first recording was Audio–Visual recording. This recording was done by using a handy camera.
Considering that there are many types and kinds of extrinsic reward, it is important to use Audio–Visual recording in this study. This kind of recording was
used to record everything that happened in the classroom. It recorded both teacher and students activity in the classroom. It was placed in the hidden place in order to
get the best result.
However, this kind of equipment was not always perfect. It still has some weaknesses. This handy–camera was located in the next class of the target study.
The researcher had to take the recording from the hole made in the space between the target class and the next class. This condition caused the researcher to have
difficulties in taking the pictures of some students who sat on the back. The second difficulty was how to make the students act naturally even though being
recorded. At the beginning the researcher was doubtful whether this study could be
conducted well. But then there were some solutions for those problems. The first problem solved by using field note to explain the condition which could not be
clearly recorded by handy camera. The solution of the second problem occurred naturally. At the first observation, in the first minutes, the students were
sometimes looking at the camera. But then, they were accustomed to the camera. The second recording was Audiorecording. This kind of recording was
used in the interview session. This session was conducted in order to fit the findings from the Audio–Visual recording, and field note with teacher’s point of
view. Before the interview, the teacher was allowed to read the field notes and watch the result of the recordings. This method was done to avoid
misinterpretation in the findings.
3.4.2 Note Taking
To facilitate the research data collection, the observation used notes which were considered important. These notes are usually called the field notes. Field
notes are the written account of what the researcher hears, sees, experiences, and thinks in the course of collecting and reflecting on the data in qualitative study
Bodgan and Binkler, 1982: 74. In this study, field note was used to write everything that happened in the
classroom during the observation. Its function was to support the findings of Audio – Visual recording. It contained the teacher’s talk, attitude, movement, and
also the classroom conditions including the students’ activity. The researcher’s
opinion was also included in the field note, and it was coded as O.C.
3.4.3 Document analysis
The data of the study was not only gathered from those two data gathering techniques. It also used document from the students’ work. The function of this
data was to find other kinds of extrinsic reward in order to get complete result
from the observation.
3.5 Data analysis
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