described by using words, while informal method refers to the method of presenting the analysis by using symbols, diagrams, figures, and tables.
This study applied the two methods to present the analysis. Informal method was applied in presenting the analysis of the first problem since the tables
was used in the analysis. Formal method was applied in presenting the analysis of the second problem since the analysis was presents in description.
8
CHAPTER II REVIEW OF LITERATURE, CONCEPTS, AND THEORETICAL
FRAMEWORK 2.1
Review of Literature
Undergraduate thesis entitled “The Analysis of Grammatical Error in
Writing Skill Made by the Third Students of SMAN 2 Karangasem ” was written
by Widnyani 2006. This study focused on the grammatical error made by the students in writing English text. The data were from the third grade students of
SMAN 2 Karangasem. This undergraduate thesis presents the analysis of English grammatical rules errors in detail by tables; it make this study has a strength point.
In addition she also shows the application of the theory to classify the error. Besides, the weakness point in this undergraduate thesis is the explanations of the
sources of errors occur is not clear enough. This study is relevant to this topic since it applied the same theory.
Tatarani 2007 “An Analysis of Pronunciation of Some English Phonemes
Made by the Balinese E mployees in Santika ɒeach Hotel”. Her undergraduate
thesis focused on the pronunciation of English phonemes made by Balinese employees in Santika Beach Hotel. This study stated that several errors occurring
in pronouncing English phonemes made by the Balinese employees in Santika Beach Hotel. The errors are usually influenced by the interference of their mother
tongue. The strength of her study is she gives the clear analysis of the English phonemes which are unable to pronounce by Balinese employees and give the
clear explanation about the English sounds which are absent in Balinese language. The weakness is the data does not supported by more examples of words. It just
mentions the phonemes and one word as an example. This undergraduate thesis is relevant to this study since it analyzed the English phoneme; it is such as vowel,
consonant, and etc. Undergraduate thesis entitled
“ɑn ɑnalysis of Students‟ Errors in Pronouncing English Vowels
” written by Puspita 2007. This study focus on the pronunciation error made by the students and specifically focuses in analyzing the
errors in pronouncing vowels. This study had shown the specific percentages of dominant errors occur in detail and explained about the sources of errors occur
clearly, it is the strength of her study. The weakness is in the examples of the errors are not clear enough; it is only shown by the phoneme symbols and did not
supported by the example of words. This undergraduate thesis is relevant because it focus on the pronunciation error and the object is vowel, this thesis also applied
the same theory. Damayanti 2008
“English Pronunciation in Fricative Consonants by Balinese Shopkeepers at Kumbasari Market
”. Her undergraduate thesis focused on the pronunciation of English phonemes made by Balinese shopkeepers at
Kumbasari Market. This thesis stated that some errors occur in pronouncing English phonemes made by the Balinese shopkeepers and it usually caused by the
influence of their mother tongue. The strength of this study is she gives the clear explanation about fricative consonants which are unable to pronounce by Balinese
shopkeepers and she also give the clear explanation about the factors contributed
