3. Theory of Characterization
Character and characterization are two things that cannot be separated. Characterization is a process of character’s creation by the author Rohrberger,
Wood, 1971. When author creates a character, he or she may use two ways. Direct means or Dramatic means. Direct means tend to describe physical appearance,
intelligence, of a character. While dramatic means tend to describe the persona of the character ways of speaking Rohrberger, Wood, 1971. This theory is being used
because both direct and dramatic means facilitate this study to elaborate the character’s characterization.
4. Theory of Point of View
To understand the point of view of the character, theory of point of view is used. According to Abrams 1999, point of view determines the way the story told.
“signifies the story gets told –the mode or modes established by an author by means of which the reader is presented with the
characters, dialogues, actions, settings, and events which constitute the narrative
in a work of fiction” Abrams, 1999:231
Point of view in narrative is important in this study because it shows the character’s perspectives and the narrative style of the narrator and the foundation of
the way the story gets told. Throughout the development of narrative works, according to Abrams 1999
authors have brought up many ways to present their story and variety of methods used in many work of fiction. To classify those methods, there are three varieties of
narrative modes, third person point of view, first person point of view, and second person point of view.
In a third person point of view, the narrator can be seen as someone from outside the story who addresses the characters by name or pronoun he, she, and
they. Third person point of view can be classified into two more style by characteristics. First is the Omniscient third person point of view. According to
Abrams 1999, Omniscient third person point of view is a characteristic of third person point of view that focuses on the god-like narrator. It means that the narrator
knows everything about the story, and the characters. Second style is limited point of view. “The narrator tells the story in the third person, but stays inside the confines
of what is perceived, thought, remembered, and felt by a single character or at most by very few character within the story.” Abrams, 1999:232-233
In the first person point of view, the narrator speaks as “I” in the story and considered having a weaker kno
wledge of the story. “This mode insofar as it is consistently carried out, limits the matter of the narrative to what the first person
narrator knows experiences, infers, or can find out by talking to other characters.” Abrams, 1999:233-234.
Finally, in the second person point of view, the narrator is addressed throughout the story by using second pronoun “you”.
“This second person may turn out to be a specific fictional character, or the reader of the story, or even the narrator himself
or herself, or not clearly or consistently the one or the other; and the story may unfold by shifting between telling the narratee
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