26 qualitative and quantitative research is the condition in which human can be used as
primary instrument for gathering data, or human as instrument. Qualitative research in form of document analysis study which deals with human experiences and
situation need a flexible instrument to ensnare the complexity of both subject. Therefore, this study which deals with the situation where Japanese people speak
English as international language employs the researcher himself as the instrument to examine the phenomena happened in the subject.
2. The Videos of the Japanese Singer Performing English Songs
Since this study used document analysis, the documents which were obtained during the observation was also called research instrument. The documents were in
form of videos and they were specified to live-performance videos of Japanese singer. In the videos, the Japanese singer did live performance. There were no
editing process in their performance in which it will keep the authenticity of the sample. The songs which the Japanese speaker sings were English songs.
In gathering the data, the researcher used the videos as the data or documents to analyze. The researcher downloaded the videos in this case were live-performance
videos of Japanese singer from youtube. After that, the researcher tried to find the lyrics of songs which were sung by the Japanese singer and matched them to the
video, which part should be omitted, which part was repeated. It aimed to make the lyrics have exactly same part and sequence to the video. Then, the researcher found
the words containing tense vowels and liquids sounds. After that, the researcher transcribed the words based on the sounds produced in the video.
27 The researcher used the table as the tools to ease the work in gathering the
data. Then, the words or the word groups which contain tense vowels, diphthongs, and liquids were inserted in the wordsword
groups’ column. There were the other columns to show the standard phonetic transcription and the variation phonetic
transcription which is produced by the Japanese singer. The standard phonetic transcription refers to the phonetic transcription which is showed in the eighth
edition of the Oxford for Advanced Learners Dictionary. The following is the table used to collect the data.
Table 3.1. Sounds Production
No. Word Word Group
Phonetic Transcription Standard
Variation 1.
2. 3.
…
The findings were single words or word groups. Word group in this research refers to a kind of group which has random combination. It did not create fixed
phrase, such as adjective phrase, noun phrase, and so on. It contained various type of words, such as combination of noun verb, verb article, and many others. These
word groups were employed to see the combination of sound not the meaning.
