POLA KOALISI PARTAI BERBASIS ISLAM (STUDI KASUS PROSES REKRUITMEN CALON WALIKOTA DAN WAKIL WALIKOTA BANDAR LAMPUNG 2010 – 2015)
Darmawan Purba
ABSTRACT
COALITION PATTERN OF ISLAMIC-BASE PARTIES
(A CASE STUDY OF BANDAR LAMPUNG MAYOR AND DEPUTY
MAYOR RECRUITMENT PROCESS 2010-2015)
BY
DARMAWAN PURBA
For years, the election of the region leader has always been followed by a
coalition–formed to win the supported mayor and deputy major candidates,
ironically the formed-coalition shows the existence of a mixing-ideology either
from the Islamic-base or non Islamic-base parties. This political phenomenon has
no longer appropriate with the ideology function that is, to bind the ropes of a
kind political movements. In Bandar lampung leader election 2010 ago, there
were nine Islamic-base political parties that were supposed to merge, but the fact
shown was, they were spread to the three coalition-couple candidates that thrive
through parties. This research is functioned to know (1) the coalition process; (2)
the coalition motives and considerations; (3) the criteria and the mechanism of
recruitment; (4) the coalition barrier of Islamic-base parties.
The research was conducted to nine Islamic-base political parties, i.e: PPP,
PAN, PKS, PKB, PMB, PBR, PBB, PPNUI, and PKNU. The research informants
were the general head of each Islamic-base political parties and also from the
Darmawan Purba
mass media Radar Lampung and Lampung Post, in order that the information
gathered is balance. The information and data collected through deep interview
then processed and analyzed to get new founding, as the result of the research.
The result of this research shows that the coalition pattern built by the
Islamic-base parties set out the same importance, so that the coalition-pattern
formed tends to be pragmatic and transactional. Some indicators of that founding
are: (1) the Islamic-base parties has not apply the coalition process ideally since
the ideology has not functioned as the policy filter; (2) the motive of coalition
process that formed is influenced by (a) self existence; (b) congruity of value; and
(c) actualization. Besides the coalition also influenced by meeting the parties
needs and interest; (3) the criteria and the mechanism of candidates recruitment is
not selective and very elitist; (4) the coalition barrier of Islamic-base parties
happened because of the difference in values, programs and importance rivalry.
Keywords: The Election of the Region Leader, Islamic-Base Party, Coalition
Darmawan Purba
ABSTRAK
POLA KOALISI PARTAI BERBASIS ISLAM
(STUDI KASUS PROSES REKRUITMEN CALON WALIKOTA DAN WAKIL
WALIKOTA BANDAR LAMPUNG 2010 – 2015)
Oleh
DARMAWAN PURBA
Pemilihan kepala daerah selama ini diwarnai pembentukan koalisi dalam
mengusung pasangan calon walikota dan wakil walikota, ironisnya koalisi yang
terbentuk menunjukkan adanya mixing ideologi. Baik partai berbasis Islam maupun
partai sekuler. Fenomena politik ini tidak sesuai dengan fungsi ideologi sebagai
pengikat tali-tali gerakan politik sejenis. Pada pilkada Bandar Lampung 2010 terdapat
sembilan partai berbasis Islam yang selayaknya berkoalisi ternyata tersebar pada ketiga
koalisi pasangan calon yang maju melalui jalur partai. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk
mengetahui (1) proses koalisi; (2) motif dan pertimbangan berkoalisi; (3) kriteria dan
mekanisme rekruitmen; serta (4) hambatan koalisi partai berbasis Islam.
Penelitian dilaksanakan di sembilan partai berbasis Islam, yaitu: PPP, PAN,
PKS, PKB, PMB, PBR, PBB, PPNUI dan PKNU. Informan penelitian adalah ketua
umum partai politik berbasis Islam dan informan dari media cetak yaitu Radar Lampung
dan Lampung Post sehingga mendapatkan informasi yang berimbang. Informasi dan
Darmawan Purba
data yang terkumpul melalui wawancara mendalam selanjutnya diolah dan dianalisis
sampai penghasilkan temuan-temuan baru sebagai hasil penelitian.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pola koalisi yang dibangun partai-partai
berbasis Islam lebih mengedepankan kepentingan yang sama, sehingga pola koalisi
yang terjadi cenderung pragmatis dan transaksional. Beberapa indikator temuan tersebut
antara lain: (1) partai-partai berbasis Islam belum menerapkan proses pembentukan
koalisi secara ideal, hal ini dikarenakan ideologi belum difungsikan sebagai saringan
kebijakan; (2) Motif pembentukan koalisi dipengaruhi oleh motif (a) eksistensi diri; (b)
kesamaan nilai; dan (c) aktualisasi. Selain itu koalisi juga dipengaruhi terpenuhinya
sejumlah kebutuhan dan kepentingan partai; (3) Kriteria dan mekanisme rekruitmen
calon tidak selektif dan elitis. (4) Hambatan dalam koalisi partai berbasis Islam karena
adanya perbedaan nilai, perbedaan program serta persaingan kepentingan.
Kata kunci : Pemilihan Kepala Daerah, Partai Berbasis Islam, Koalisi
ABSTRACT
COALITION PATTERN OF ISLAMIC-BASE PARTIES
(A CASE STUDY OF BANDAR LAMPUNG MAYOR AND DEPUTY
MAYOR RECRUITMENT PROCESS 2010-2015)
BY
DARMAWAN PURBA
For years, the election of the region leader has always been followed by a
coalition–formed to win the supported mayor and deputy major candidates,
ironically the formed-coalition shows the existence of a mixing-ideology either
from the Islamic-base or non Islamic-base parties. This political phenomenon has
no longer appropriate with the ideology function that is, to bind the ropes of a
kind political movements. In Bandar lampung leader election 2010 ago, there
were nine Islamic-base political parties that were supposed to merge, but the fact
shown was, they were spread to the three coalition-couple candidates that thrive
through parties. This research is functioned to know (1) the coalition process; (2)
the coalition motives and considerations; (3) the criteria and the mechanism of
recruitment; (4) the coalition barrier of Islamic-base parties.
The research was conducted to nine Islamic-base political parties, i.e: PPP,
PAN, PKS, PKB, PMB, PBR, PBB, PPNUI, and PKNU. The research informants
were the general head of each Islamic-base political parties and also from the
Darmawan Purba
mass media Radar Lampung and Lampung Post, in order that the information
gathered is balance. The information and data collected through deep interview
then processed and analyzed to get new founding, as the result of the research.
The result of this research shows that the coalition pattern built by the
Islamic-base parties set out the same importance, so that the coalition-pattern
formed tends to be pragmatic and transactional. Some indicators of that founding
are: (1) the Islamic-base parties has not apply the coalition process ideally since
the ideology has not functioned as the policy filter; (2) the motive of coalition
process that formed is influenced by (a) self existence; (b) congruity of value; and
(c) actualization. Besides the coalition also influenced by meeting the parties
needs and interest; (3) the criteria and the mechanism of candidates recruitment is
not selective and very elitist; (4) the coalition barrier of Islamic-base parties
happened because of the difference in values, programs and importance rivalry.
Keywords: The Election of the Region Leader, Islamic-Base Party, Coalition
Darmawan Purba
ABSTRAK
POLA KOALISI PARTAI BERBASIS ISLAM
(STUDI KASUS PROSES REKRUITMEN CALON WALIKOTA DAN WAKIL
WALIKOTA BANDAR LAMPUNG 2010 – 2015)
Oleh
DARMAWAN PURBA
Pemilihan kepala daerah selama ini diwarnai pembentukan koalisi dalam
mengusung pasangan calon walikota dan wakil walikota, ironisnya koalisi yang
terbentuk menunjukkan adanya mixing ideologi. Baik partai berbasis Islam maupun
partai sekuler. Fenomena politik ini tidak sesuai dengan fungsi ideologi sebagai
pengikat tali-tali gerakan politik sejenis. Pada pilkada Bandar Lampung 2010 terdapat
sembilan partai berbasis Islam yang selayaknya berkoalisi ternyata tersebar pada ketiga
koalisi pasangan calon yang maju melalui jalur partai. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk
mengetahui (1) proses koalisi; (2) motif dan pertimbangan berkoalisi; (3) kriteria dan
mekanisme rekruitmen; serta (4) hambatan koalisi partai berbasis Islam.
Penelitian dilaksanakan di sembilan partai berbasis Islam, yaitu: PPP, PAN,
PKS, PKB, PMB, PBR, PBB, PPNUI dan PKNU. Informan penelitian adalah ketua
umum partai politik berbasis Islam dan informan dari media cetak yaitu Radar Lampung
dan Lampung Post sehingga mendapatkan informasi yang berimbang. Informasi dan
Darmawan Purba
data yang terkumpul melalui wawancara mendalam selanjutnya diolah dan dianalisis
sampai penghasilkan temuan-temuan baru sebagai hasil penelitian.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pola koalisi yang dibangun partai-partai
berbasis Islam lebih mengedepankan kepentingan yang sama, sehingga pola koalisi
yang terjadi cenderung pragmatis dan transaksional. Beberapa indikator temuan tersebut
antara lain: (1) partai-partai berbasis Islam belum menerapkan proses pembentukan
koalisi secara ideal, hal ini dikarenakan ideologi belum difungsikan sebagai saringan
kebijakan; (2) Motif pembentukan koalisi dipengaruhi oleh motif (a) eksistensi diri; (b)
kesamaan nilai; dan (c) aktualisasi. Selain itu koalisi juga dipengaruhi terpenuhinya
sejumlah kebutuhan dan kepentingan partai; (3) Kriteria dan mekanisme rekruitmen
calon tidak selektif dan elitis. (4) Hambatan dalam koalisi partai berbasis Islam karena
adanya perbedaan nilai, perbedaan program serta persaingan kepentingan.
Kata kunci : Pemilihan Kepala Daerah, Partai Berbasis Islam, Koalisi