16 Speaking is an interactive process of constructing meaning that involves
producing, receiving, and processing information. Based on this idea, there are three important points that must be occurred to the participants of communication
speakers and listeners to construct the meaning during the interaction among them.
From the definition above, it can be inferred that speaking is an ability to express idea, feeling and emotions to other person. The language is used to
express oneself to be understood by other. The writer only focuses on students‟
perception of the implementation CTL in speaking learning process. Researcher does not measure speaking ability. Speaking consists of content, vocabulary,
pronunciation and comprehensibility. The writer took speaking as the focus of the research because there was no
interaction between student- students and students -teacher in teaching learning process by using English as foreign language. In fact, most of students were
unwilling to express their feeling or opinion using their English language. Most of students were lack of passive in their speaking class when there was little
interaction each of student to another.
2.2 Teaching Speaking
Khamkhien 2010:184 states that teaching and learning in class should not emphasize on speaking phrases or everyday expression, but also we have to
focus on communication in the real situation. Hadfield 1999 cited in Setiyadi 2007:6 notices that speaking lesson is a kind of bridge for learners between the
classroom and the world outside. There are three features of speaking activities to
17 bridge the classroom and the real world, they are practice opportunities for,
purposeful communication in and meaningful situations. He states that there are three stages to develop speaking skills that may meet, they are setting up, practice
speaking, and feedback. As teachers, we should prepare what material and topic that we would be given the students. And after that, the teacher gave opportunities
to practice. Then the students are given feedback as a correction or give conclusion of the material.
As speaking is oral production, it cannot be separated from producing sounds Setiyadi 2007:6. This implies that pronunciation keeps crucial part in the
process of teaching speaking. Learning English in senior high school focused on in speaking ability in order that the graduate can get the functional level in
speaking. In this level, they were hoped to be able to use their ability for giving speech and talk. In speaking English, we must have knowledge related to structure
because it just makes the students feel difficult to speak English. Therefore the teachers teach not only what will be spoken but also
situation what we deal with. The teachers teach speaking by carrying out the students in certain situation when the topic is being talked about. The topic must
be familiar with the students so the ideas have an oral command of language need to describe the topic.
From the explanation above, it can be assumed that in teaching speaking teacher should give the opportunity to students because any single utterance
always reflects to the condition of speaker naturally in communicating with other
18 students. Here, the writer wanted to
know students‟ perception of the implementation speaking by using contextual teaching learning CTL.
2.3 Contextual Teaching Learning
