34 However, the description of the participants’ educational background was
needed. The following table shows how the writer presents the participants’ educational background.
Table 3.3: The Description of Research Participants Group of
Participants No
Sex Educational
Background Teaching Experiences
in years F
M S1
S2 S3
1-5 6-10
11-15 16-20
English Teachers of SMPN 2
Yogyakarta 1.
2. English Language
Education lecturers of
Sanata Dharma University
3. 4.
F. Research Procedure
There were 5 steps of research procedures in this study. The steps are discussed as follows:
1. Research and Information Collecting
In this step, before starting the research, the writer started by asking permission to do research in SMP Negeri 2 Yogyakarta. The first permission was
given from Dinas Pendidikan Kota Yogyakarta. After that, the following permission was given from the head master and the English teachers of SMPN 2
Yogyakarta. The writer conducted library study to find out some related theories. After
that, the writer continued to conduct an interview with the English teachers to find out the school’s need on the English listening skill. The research and information
35 collecting questionnaire was distributed to the seventh grade students to find out
the students’ characteristics. In addition, the writer found out the students’ characteristic from the
school’s profile and the students’ social economical background. From the school’s profile, the writer described that SMPN 2 Yogyakarta was established on
September 12 1942. It is located in Jl. P. Senopati No. 28-30, Yogyakarta. This school has goals to form the students’ character to be religious, have good moral,
be discipline, be creative, have good performance, nationalism, and have international perspective. The accreditation for this school since 2013 is A. In
academic year 20122013, SMPN 2 Yogyakarta has 710 students from class seven, eight, and nine. Each grade has 7 classes. There were 244 students in the
seventh grade, 237 students in the eighth grade, and 229 students in the ninth grade. Most of the teachers of SMPN 2 Yogyakarta are S1 graduates. Therefore,
they are competent at teaching. There are four English teachers in this school. Some teachers have responsibilities to teach two different grades of class.
In the national exam in academic year 20112012, the mean score of English exam was 7.96. Compared to other scores of other subjects, this was the
lowest score. The highest score was Bahasa Indonesia subject which was 9.28. However, all the students passed the National Exam. This school is supported
with many facilities. One of the facilities that supports the teaching learning activities in the English subject is the language laboratory. The language
laboratory supports the listening activity. In addition, it is stated that it has good condition.
36 The average salary of the seventh grade students’ parents is IDR
2,000,000.00, however 96 parents have lower salary than the average, 84 parents have more salary than the average, 17 parents have the average salary and the rest
are not provided in the data. The highest salary of the students’ parents is IDR 13,000,000.00 who works as private employee and the lowest salary is IDR
120,000.00 who works as labor. Therefore, the writer concludes that the students have average economical background.
The designed materials will consider the school’s profile and the students’ background. Moreover, for the consideration when the school got low average
score for the English subject in the National Exam. The materials aim to prepare the students face the National Exam in English subject, especially in listening
section. The economic background of the students is also considered to develop the materials. For some students who have average and lower economical
background, school will be the only place to learn English and other subjects. Some students could not achieve to learn outside the school in educational
institution. Therefore, the materials will be suited to the students who have an average and lower economical background since this school has the majority of
these groups.
2. Planning
