Hubungan Faktor Risiko dengan Kejadian Mioma Uteri di Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat H. Adam Malik Medan
ABSTRAK
Latar Belakang : Mioma uteri dikenal juga dengan sebutan fibromioma, fibroid
maupun leiomioma, merupakan tumor jinak yang struktur utamanya adalah otot
polos rahim. Gejala klinik hanya terjadi pada 35%-50% penderita mioma. Gejala
yang mungkin ditimbulkan sangat bervariasi seperti metroragia, nyeri, menoragia,
komplikasi kehamilan hingga infertilitas. Tiada penyebab pasti terjadinya mioma
uteri. Namun, beberapa faktor risiko penyebab mioma uteri adalah umur, paritas
dan fungsi ovarium yang dilihat dari status menstruasi.
Metode : Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara faktor risiko
dengan kejadian mioma uteri di RSUP H. Adam Malik pada tahun 2014.
Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan teknik Total Sampling dan metode
Cross Sectional dimana sampel diambil dari data rekam medis penderita tumor
uterus di RSUP H. Adam Malik pada tahun 2014. Sampel penelitian sebanyak 193
orang dengan eksklusi sebanyak 57 orang.
Hasil : Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa mioma uteri lebih sering dijumpai
pada kelompok umur risiko tinggi, paling banyak ditemukan pada kelompok umur
41-50 tahun sebanyak 37,5%. Penelitian ini juga menunjukkan kelompok paritas
pernah melahirkan paling tinggi persentasenya sebanyak 45,6%. Mioma uteri juga
paling sering dijumpai pada pasien yang masih haid dengan persentase 60,1%.
Berdasarkan uji Kai-Kuadrat Independensi dan Koefisien Kontingensi, hasil
penelitian menunjukkan tidak ada hubungan signifikan antara umur dan status
haid dengan kejadian mioma uteri di RSUP H. Adam Malik pada tahun 2014.
Namun, ada korelasi positif yang signifikan antara paritas dengan kejadian mioma
DI RSUP H. Adam Malik Medan pada tahun 2014.
Kesimpulan : Kejadian mioma uteri paling banyak ditemukan pada kelompok
usia 41-50 tahun, pada wanita yang pernah melahirkan dan pada wanita yang
masih haid. Untuk peneliti yang lain diharapkan agar dapat meneruskan penelitian
ini pada tahun-tahun yang berbeda. Peneliti lain juga dapat menambah variablevariabel lain seperti usia menarche, berat badan dan lain-lain.
Kata Kunci : Umur, Paritas, Status Haid, Kejadian Mioma Uteri, Tumor Uterus,
Rekam Medis, RSUP H. Adam Malik, 2014.
Universitas Sumatera Utara
ABSTRACT
Background : Myoma uterine which is also known as fibromyoma, fibroid or
leiomyoma is a benign tumor with the main structure of uterus smooth mucles.
Clinical manifestation only happen in 35-50% of the myoma patients. Symptoms
that are produced are very diverse such as metrorrhagia, pain, menorragia,
pregnancy complications until infertility.There is no certain etiology of myoma
uterine. However, there are some risk factors that cause myoma uterine, such as
age, parity and ovarian function that is measured by menstrual status.
Method : This study aimed to know a correlation between risk factors and
myoma uterine incidence in RSUP H. Adam Malik in 2014. This study had been
done with Total Sampling technique and Cross Sectional method which the
samples were taken from medical records of uterine tumor patient in RSUP H.
Adam Malik in 2014. Samples in this study were 193 persons with the exclusion
amount of 57 persons.
Result : The results of the study showed that myoma uterine was commonly
found in the high risk age group, most were found in the group of age 41-50 years
old with the amount of 37,5%. This study also showed that group of parity that
had delivered babies before were in the highest percentage with the amount of
45,6%. Myoma uterine was also commonly found in patients that are still
menstruate with the percentage of 60,1%. Based on Chi-Square Independency test
and Coefficient Contingency, the result showed that there were no significant
relationships between age and menstrual status with the incidence of myoma
uterine in RSUP H. Adam Malik in 2014. However, there was a significantly
positive correlation between parity and myoma uterine incidence in RSUP H.
Adam Malik Medan in 2014.
Conclusion : Myoma incidence is mostly found in the group of age 41-50 years
old, in women that had delivered babies and in women that still menstruate. Other
researchers are encouraged to continue this research in different years. Other
researchers can also add in any kind of variables such as menarche, body weight
and others.
Keywords : Age, Parity, Menstrual Status, Myoma Uterine, Uterine Tumor,
Medical Records, RSUP H. Adam Malik, 2014.
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Latar Belakang : Mioma uteri dikenal juga dengan sebutan fibromioma, fibroid
maupun leiomioma, merupakan tumor jinak yang struktur utamanya adalah otot
polos rahim. Gejala klinik hanya terjadi pada 35%-50% penderita mioma. Gejala
yang mungkin ditimbulkan sangat bervariasi seperti metroragia, nyeri, menoragia,
komplikasi kehamilan hingga infertilitas. Tiada penyebab pasti terjadinya mioma
uteri. Namun, beberapa faktor risiko penyebab mioma uteri adalah umur, paritas
dan fungsi ovarium yang dilihat dari status menstruasi.
Metode : Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara faktor risiko
dengan kejadian mioma uteri di RSUP H. Adam Malik pada tahun 2014.
Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan teknik Total Sampling dan metode
Cross Sectional dimana sampel diambil dari data rekam medis penderita tumor
uterus di RSUP H. Adam Malik pada tahun 2014. Sampel penelitian sebanyak 193
orang dengan eksklusi sebanyak 57 orang.
Hasil : Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa mioma uteri lebih sering dijumpai
pada kelompok umur risiko tinggi, paling banyak ditemukan pada kelompok umur
41-50 tahun sebanyak 37,5%. Penelitian ini juga menunjukkan kelompok paritas
pernah melahirkan paling tinggi persentasenya sebanyak 45,6%. Mioma uteri juga
paling sering dijumpai pada pasien yang masih haid dengan persentase 60,1%.
Berdasarkan uji Kai-Kuadrat Independensi dan Koefisien Kontingensi, hasil
penelitian menunjukkan tidak ada hubungan signifikan antara umur dan status
haid dengan kejadian mioma uteri di RSUP H. Adam Malik pada tahun 2014.
Namun, ada korelasi positif yang signifikan antara paritas dengan kejadian mioma
DI RSUP H. Adam Malik Medan pada tahun 2014.
Kesimpulan : Kejadian mioma uteri paling banyak ditemukan pada kelompok
usia 41-50 tahun, pada wanita yang pernah melahirkan dan pada wanita yang
masih haid. Untuk peneliti yang lain diharapkan agar dapat meneruskan penelitian
ini pada tahun-tahun yang berbeda. Peneliti lain juga dapat menambah variablevariabel lain seperti usia menarche, berat badan dan lain-lain.
Kata Kunci : Umur, Paritas, Status Haid, Kejadian Mioma Uteri, Tumor Uterus,
Rekam Medis, RSUP H. Adam Malik, 2014.
Universitas Sumatera Utara
ABSTRACT
Background : Myoma uterine which is also known as fibromyoma, fibroid or
leiomyoma is a benign tumor with the main structure of uterus smooth mucles.
Clinical manifestation only happen in 35-50% of the myoma patients. Symptoms
that are produced are very diverse such as metrorrhagia, pain, menorragia,
pregnancy complications until infertility.There is no certain etiology of myoma
uterine. However, there are some risk factors that cause myoma uterine, such as
age, parity and ovarian function that is measured by menstrual status.
Method : This study aimed to know a correlation between risk factors and
myoma uterine incidence in RSUP H. Adam Malik in 2014. This study had been
done with Total Sampling technique and Cross Sectional method which the
samples were taken from medical records of uterine tumor patient in RSUP H.
Adam Malik in 2014. Samples in this study were 193 persons with the exclusion
amount of 57 persons.
Result : The results of the study showed that myoma uterine was commonly
found in the high risk age group, most were found in the group of age 41-50 years
old with the amount of 37,5%. This study also showed that group of parity that
had delivered babies before were in the highest percentage with the amount of
45,6%. Myoma uterine was also commonly found in patients that are still
menstruate with the percentage of 60,1%. Based on Chi-Square Independency test
and Coefficient Contingency, the result showed that there were no significant
relationships between age and menstrual status with the incidence of myoma
uterine in RSUP H. Adam Malik in 2014. However, there was a significantly
positive correlation between parity and myoma uterine incidence in RSUP H.
Adam Malik Medan in 2014.
Conclusion : Myoma incidence is mostly found in the group of age 41-50 years
old, in women that had delivered babies and in women that still menstruate. Other
researchers are encouraged to continue this research in different years. Other
researchers can also add in any kind of variables such as menarche, body weight
and others.
Keywords : Age, Parity, Menstrual Status, Myoma Uterine, Uterine Tumor,
Medical Records, RSUP H. Adam Malik, 2014.
Universitas Sumatera Utara