Pengaruh Ekstrak Etanol Kulit Buah Nanas (Ananas Comosus (L.) Merr.) Terhadap Glukosa Darah Dan Kadar Superoksida Dismutase (Sod) Pada Mencit Hiperglikemia Secara In Vivo
DAFTAR PUSTAKA
Abdelmoaty, M.A., Ibrahim, M.A., Ahmed, N.S., Abdelaziz, M.A. (2010).
Confirmatory Studies on the Antioxidant and Antidiabetic Effect of
Quercetin in Rats. Indian Journal of Clinical Biochemistry 25(2):188192. DOI: 10.1007/s12291-010-0034-x.
Alfonso,V., Champy, R., Mitrovic, D., Collin, P., Lomrin, A. (2007). Reactive
Oxygen Species and Superokside Dismutases: Role in join diseases. Joint
Bone Spine. 74: 324-329.
American Diabetes Association (ADA). (2008). Diagnosis and Classification of
Diabetes Mellitus. Diabetes Care, 35 (1). care.diabetesjournals.org.
Andayani, Y. (2003). Mekanisme Aktivitas Antihiperglikemik Ekstraksi Buncis
(Phaseolus vulgaris Lim) pada Tikus Diabetes dan Indentifikasi
Komponen Aktif. Disertasi. IPB, Bogor.
Ayucitra, A., Indraswati, N., Mulyandasari,V., Dengi,Y.K., Francisco,G., Yudha,
A. (2011). Potensi Senyawa Fenolik Bahan Alam Sebagai Antioksidan
Alami Minyak Goreng Nabati. Widya Teknik.10(1): 3.
Badan Pusat Statistika (BPS). 2011. Indikator Kesehatan 1995-2011. Jakarta,
Indonesia.
Bray, T. M., Wang, J. Noseworthy, M.D., Philips, J.P.. (2000). Zinc Protection
Against Free Radicals in The Pathogenesis of Diabetes. Departments of
Nutritional Sciences And Molecular Biology. Canada: AOCS Press.
Halaman 136.
Brahmachari, G. (2011). Bio-Flavonoids with Promisisng Anti-Diabetic
Poteintials: A Critical Survey. Research Signpost. India. Halaman 190191.
Brownlee, M. (2001). Biochemistry And Molecular Cell Biology Of Diabetic
Complications. Nature 414. United State. Halaman 813-820.
Cabrera, H. A. P., Menezes H.C., Oliveira J. V., Batista R.F.S. (2001). Evaluation
of residual levels of benomyl, methyl parathion, diuron, and vamidothion
in pineapple pulp and bagasse (Smooth cayenne). J. Agric. Food Chem,
halaman 48.
Chougale, A.D., Shrimant, N. P., Pradeep M. G., Akalpita U.A. (2007).
Optimization Of Alloxan Dose is Essential to Induce Stable Diabetes For
Prolonged Period. Asian Journal of Biochemistry. India: Shivaji
University. Halaman 402-408.
68
Dalimartha, S., dan Adrian, F. (2012). Makanan & Herbal Untuk Penderita
Diabetes Mellitus. Jakarta: Penebar Swadatya. Halaman 5.
Depkes RI. (1986). Sediaan Galenik. Jakarta: Departemen Kesehatan RI.
Halaman 6-7.
Depkes RI. (1995). Materia Medika Indonesia. Jilid VI. Jakarta: Direktorat
Jenderal Pengawasan Obat Dan Makanan. Halaman 297-307, 321-325, 333337.
Depkes RI. (2000). Parameter Standar Umum Ekstrak Tumbuhan Obat.Jakarta:
Departemen Kesehatan RI. Halaman10-11.
Depkes RI. (2005). Pharmaceutical Care untuk Penyakit Diabetes Mellitus.
Jakarta: Departemen Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. Halaman
7,14,16,17.
Ditjen POM. (1995). Farmakope Indonesia. Edisi IV. Jakarta: Depkes RI.
Halaman 89.
Djajakirana, S.H. (2009). Gambaran Imunohistokimia Antioksidan Superoksida
Dismutase pada Jaringan Hati Tikus Diabetes Melitus yang Diberi Virgin
Coconut Oil (VCO). Skripsi. Bogor: Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan, Institut
Pertanian Bogor.
Evans, C.A.R., Diplock, A.T., and M.C.R Simons. (1991). Techniques in Free
Radical Research. Elsevier Science Publishers BV. Amsterdam, 1-50, 125149.
Farnsworth, N.R. (1966). Biologycal and Phytochemical Screening of Plants.
Journal of Pharmaceutical Science. 55(3). Halaman 263-264.
Furuya, T., Ikemoto, K., Kawauchi, S., Oga, A., Tsunoda, S., Hirano, T., Sasaki,
K. (2004). A Novel Technology Allowing Immunohistochemical
Staining of a Tissue Section with 50 Different Antibodies in a Single
Experiment. J Histochem Cytochem.52(2):205-210.
Hanafiah, K.A. (2005). Rancangan percobaan Teori dan Aplikasi. Edisi III.
Jakarta: Raja Grafindo Persada. Halaman 19-20.
Harborne, J.B. (1984). Metode Fitokimia. Penerjemah:Kosasih Padmawinata dan
Iwang Soediro. Bandung: Penerbit ITB. Halaman 6, 147.
Ihnat, M. A., Thorpe, J. E., Kamat, C. D., Szabo, C., Green, D. E., Warnke, L. A.,
Lacza, Z., Cselenyak, A., Ross, K., Shakir, S., Piconi, L., Kaltreider, R. C.
& Ceriello, A. (2007). Reactive oxygen species mediate a cellular
'memory' of high glucose stress signalling. Diabetologia, Vol. 50, No. 7,
pp. 1523-1531.'memory' of high glucose stress signalling. Diabetologia.
Halaman:1523-1531.
69
International Diabetes Federation (IDF). (2014). Diabetes. http://www.idf.org/,
diunduh 24 Januari 2014.
Jerry, R. C., N. Kotagol, C.L. Brooks, P. E. Lacy, M. Land, M. L. Mc Daniel.
(1983). Alloxan Inhibition Of a Ca 2+ and Calmodulin-Dependent
Protein Kinase Activity In Pancreatic Islets. The Journal Of Biological
Chemistry 258. Halaman 7260-7263.
Junqueira, L.C., Carneiro, J. (2007). Basic Histology: Text & Atlas, Tenth Ed,
dalam : Tambayong, J., Histologi Dasar : Teks & Atlas, Edisi 10, Jakarta :
Penerbit Buku Kedokteran EGC. Halaman 16-17, 315.
Kalaiselvia, M., Duraisamy, G., Balasubramania, V., Chandrasekar, U., (2012a).
In Vitro Free Radical Scavenging Activity Of Ananus comosus (L.) Merrill
Peel. International Journal Of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science 4.
India: Karpagam University. Halaman 1.
Kalaiselvia, M., Duraisamy, G., Chandrasekar, U., (2012b). Occurrence of
Bioactive Compounds in Ananas Comosus (L.): A Quality Standardization
by HPTLC. Asian Pasific Jurnal of Topical Biomedicine. India: Karpagam
University. Halaman 4-6.
Kalaiselvia, M., Duraisamy, G., Balasubramania, V., Chandrasekar, U., (2012c).
Evaluation Of Antioxidant Potential And Fourier Transform Infrared
Spectroscopy Analysis Of Ananus comosus (L.) Merrill Peel. International
Research Jounal Of Pharmacy. India: Karpagam University. Halaman 1.
Kalaiselvia, M., Duraisamy, G., Balasubramania, V., Chandrasekar, U., (2013).
Ameliorative effect Of Ananus comosus Peel on 7.12 Dimethylbenz (α)
Anthracene Induced Mammary Carcinogenesis With References to
Oxidative Stress. Journal of Acute Disease. India: Karpagam University.
Halaman 1.
Kalpana, M.B., Prasath, G.S., , dan Surbramanian, S.. (2014). Studies On The
Antidiabetic Activity Of Ananas comosus Leaves in STZ Induced Diabetic
Rats. Scholars Research Library. India: University of Madras.
Kumalaningsih, S. (2006). Antioksidan Alami: Penangkal Radikal Bebas. Jakarta:
Trubus Agrisarana.
Leeson, C. R. (1996). Buku Ajar Histologi. Jakarta: Penerbit Buku Kedokteran
EGC.
Lenzen, S. (2008). The mechanism of alloxan and streptozotocin induced
diabetes. Diabetologia. Halaman 216.
Mahrouf, M., Ousmani, N., Peynet, J., Djedali, R., Couturier, M., Therond, P.,
Legrand, A., Beaudeux, J.L. (2006). Metformin Reduces AngiotensinMediated Intracellular Production Of reactive Oxygen Species In
70
Endothelial Cells Through The Inhibition Of Protein Kinase C.
Biochemical Pharmacology 72. Halaman 176-186.
Mallik, D., Chiranjib, B., Shivraj, G. (2014). Pharmacological Intervention Of
The Fruit Of Plant Ananas comosus Acting as Hepatoprotective Activity in
Animal Models. India Journal of Research in Pharmacy and Biotechnology.
Andhra Pradesh: Sri Kupa Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences.
Mates, J.M., Gomez, C.P., Castro, I.N. (1999). Antioxidant Enzymes and Human
Diseases. Clin Biochem. 32(8):595-603.
Natural Resources Conservation Service. Ananas comosus (L.) Merr.: Pineapple.
Diakses
tanggal
3
Agustus
2015
http://plants.usda.gov/core/profile?symbol=ANCO30
Nolte, M. S., Karam, J. H.. (2010). Hormon Pankreas & Obat Antidiabetes.
Editor: Katzung, B. G. Farmakologi Dasar dan Klinik. Jakarta: Penerbit
Buku kedokteran EGC. Halaman: 704-709.
Nuraini, D. N.. (2011). Aneka Manfaat Kulit Buah dan Sayuran. Yogyakarta:
ANDI. Halaman 121-122.
Okafor, O.Y., Erukainure, O.L., Ajiboye, J.A., Adejobi, R. O., Owolabi, F.O.,
Kososko, S.B. (2011). Modulatory Effect Of Pineapple Peel Extract On
Lipid Peroxidation, Catalase Activity and Hepatic Biomarkes Levels in
Blood Plasma Of Alcohol-Induced Oxidative Stessed Rats. Asian Pacific
Journal of Tropical Biomedicine. Nigeria.
Pandey, K.B dan S. I. Rizvi. (2010). Markers of Oxidative Stress in Erythrocytes
and Plasma During Aging in Humans. Oxidative Medicine and Cellular
Longevity. 3(1): 2-12.
Pasaribu, F., Panal, S., Saiful, B. (2012). Uji Ekstrak Etanol Kulit Buah Manggis
(Garcinia mangostana L.) Terhadap Penurunan Kadar Glukosa Darah.
Journal of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology 1 (1):1-8.
Pieta, P.G. (2000). Flavonoids as Antioxidants. J. Nat. Prod. 63: 1043-1046.
Polak, J.M., VanNoorden, S. (2003). Introduction to Immunocytochemistry. Third
Edition. Oxford: Bios Sci Pub. Halaman 3.
Praveena, J., Estherlydia, D.. (2014). Comparative Study Of Phytochemical
Screening And Antioxodant Capacities Of Vinegar Made From Peel And
Fruit Of Pineapple (Ananas comosus L.). Int J Pharm Bio Sci 2014 Oct;
5(4). India: Loyola College. Halaman 1-5.
Priyanto. (2009). Toksikologi, Mekanisme, TerapiAntidotum, danPenilaianResiko.
Jakarta : LembagaStudidanKonsulFarmakologi. Halaman 78.
71
Qadori. (2009). Histological Studies On Pancreatic Tissue In Diabetic Rats by
Using Wild Cherry. The Iraqi Postgraduate Medical Journal 10 (3).
Halaman 421-425.
Ramos, J.A., Vara. (2005). Technical aspects of immunohistochemistry. Vet
Pathol.42:405-426.
Riset Kesehatan Dasar (RISKESDAS). (2013). Jakarta: Badan Penelitian dan
Pengembangan Kesehatan, Departemen Kesehatan, Republik Indonesia.
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Halaman 136.
Shahidi,F., Zhong,Y. (2005). Antioxidants: Regulatory Status. In: Bailey’s
Industrial Oil and Fat Products,Sixth Edition, Six Volume Set. Edited by
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73
Abdelmoaty, M.A., Ibrahim, M.A., Ahmed, N.S., Abdelaziz, M.A. (2010).
Confirmatory Studies on the Antioxidant and Antidiabetic Effect of
Quercetin in Rats. Indian Journal of Clinical Biochemistry 25(2):188192. DOI: 10.1007/s12291-010-0034-x.
Alfonso,V., Champy, R., Mitrovic, D., Collin, P., Lomrin, A. (2007). Reactive
Oxygen Species and Superokside Dismutases: Role in join diseases. Joint
Bone Spine. 74: 324-329.
American Diabetes Association (ADA). (2008). Diagnosis and Classification of
Diabetes Mellitus. Diabetes Care, 35 (1). care.diabetesjournals.org.
Andayani, Y. (2003). Mekanisme Aktivitas Antihiperglikemik Ekstraksi Buncis
(Phaseolus vulgaris Lim) pada Tikus Diabetes dan Indentifikasi
Komponen Aktif. Disertasi. IPB, Bogor.
Ayucitra, A., Indraswati, N., Mulyandasari,V., Dengi,Y.K., Francisco,G., Yudha,
A. (2011). Potensi Senyawa Fenolik Bahan Alam Sebagai Antioksidan
Alami Minyak Goreng Nabati. Widya Teknik.10(1): 3.
Badan Pusat Statistika (BPS). 2011. Indikator Kesehatan 1995-2011. Jakarta,
Indonesia.
Bray, T. M., Wang, J. Noseworthy, M.D., Philips, J.P.. (2000). Zinc Protection
Against Free Radicals in The Pathogenesis of Diabetes. Departments of
Nutritional Sciences And Molecular Biology. Canada: AOCS Press.
Halaman 136.
Brahmachari, G. (2011). Bio-Flavonoids with Promisisng Anti-Diabetic
Poteintials: A Critical Survey. Research Signpost. India. Halaman 190191.
Brownlee, M. (2001). Biochemistry And Molecular Cell Biology Of Diabetic
Complications. Nature 414. United State. Halaman 813-820.
Cabrera, H. A. P., Menezes H.C., Oliveira J. V., Batista R.F.S. (2001). Evaluation
of residual levels of benomyl, methyl parathion, diuron, and vamidothion
in pineapple pulp and bagasse (Smooth cayenne). J. Agric. Food Chem,
halaman 48.
Chougale, A.D., Shrimant, N. P., Pradeep M. G., Akalpita U.A. (2007).
Optimization Of Alloxan Dose is Essential to Induce Stable Diabetes For
Prolonged Period. Asian Journal of Biochemistry. India: Shivaji
University. Halaman 402-408.
68
Dalimartha, S., dan Adrian, F. (2012). Makanan & Herbal Untuk Penderita
Diabetes Mellitus. Jakarta: Penebar Swadatya. Halaman 5.
Depkes RI. (1986). Sediaan Galenik. Jakarta: Departemen Kesehatan RI.
Halaman 6-7.
Depkes RI. (1995). Materia Medika Indonesia. Jilid VI. Jakarta: Direktorat
Jenderal Pengawasan Obat Dan Makanan. Halaman 297-307, 321-325, 333337.
Depkes RI. (2000). Parameter Standar Umum Ekstrak Tumbuhan Obat.Jakarta:
Departemen Kesehatan RI. Halaman10-11.
Depkes RI. (2005). Pharmaceutical Care untuk Penyakit Diabetes Mellitus.
Jakarta: Departemen Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. Halaman
7,14,16,17.
Ditjen POM. (1995). Farmakope Indonesia. Edisi IV. Jakarta: Depkes RI.
Halaman 89.
Djajakirana, S.H. (2009). Gambaran Imunohistokimia Antioksidan Superoksida
Dismutase pada Jaringan Hati Tikus Diabetes Melitus yang Diberi Virgin
Coconut Oil (VCO). Skripsi. Bogor: Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan, Institut
Pertanian Bogor.
Evans, C.A.R., Diplock, A.T., and M.C.R Simons. (1991). Techniques in Free
Radical Research. Elsevier Science Publishers BV. Amsterdam, 1-50, 125149.
Farnsworth, N.R. (1966). Biologycal and Phytochemical Screening of Plants.
Journal of Pharmaceutical Science. 55(3). Halaman 263-264.
Furuya, T., Ikemoto, K., Kawauchi, S., Oga, A., Tsunoda, S., Hirano, T., Sasaki,
K. (2004). A Novel Technology Allowing Immunohistochemical
Staining of a Tissue Section with 50 Different Antibodies in a Single
Experiment. J Histochem Cytochem.52(2):205-210.
Hanafiah, K.A. (2005). Rancangan percobaan Teori dan Aplikasi. Edisi III.
Jakarta: Raja Grafindo Persada. Halaman 19-20.
Harborne, J.B. (1984). Metode Fitokimia. Penerjemah:Kosasih Padmawinata dan
Iwang Soediro. Bandung: Penerbit ITB. Halaman 6, 147.
Ihnat, M. A., Thorpe, J. E., Kamat, C. D., Szabo, C., Green, D. E., Warnke, L. A.,
Lacza, Z., Cselenyak, A., Ross, K., Shakir, S., Piconi, L., Kaltreider, R. C.
& Ceriello, A. (2007). Reactive oxygen species mediate a cellular
'memory' of high glucose stress signalling. Diabetologia, Vol. 50, No. 7,
pp. 1523-1531.'memory' of high glucose stress signalling. Diabetologia.
Halaman:1523-1531.
69
International Diabetes Federation (IDF). (2014). Diabetes. http://www.idf.org/,
diunduh 24 Januari 2014.
Jerry, R. C., N. Kotagol, C.L. Brooks, P. E. Lacy, M. Land, M. L. Mc Daniel.
(1983). Alloxan Inhibition Of a Ca 2+ and Calmodulin-Dependent
Protein Kinase Activity In Pancreatic Islets. The Journal Of Biological
Chemistry 258. Halaman 7260-7263.
Junqueira, L.C., Carneiro, J. (2007). Basic Histology: Text & Atlas, Tenth Ed,
dalam : Tambayong, J., Histologi Dasar : Teks & Atlas, Edisi 10, Jakarta :
Penerbit Buku Kedokteran EGC. Halaman 16-17, 315.
Kalaiselvia, M., Duraisamy, G., Balasubramania, V., Chandrasekar, U., (2012a).
In Vitro Free Radical Scavenging Activity Of Ananus comosus (L.) Merrill
Peel. International Journal Of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science 4.
India: Karpagam University. Halaman 1.
Kalaiselvia, M., Duraisamy, G., Chandrasekar, U., (2012b). Occurrence of
Bioactive Compounds in Ananas Comosus (L.): A Quality Standardization
by HPTLC. Asian Pasific Jurnal of Topical Biomedicine. India: Karpagam
University. Halaman 4-6.
Kalaiselvia, M., Duraisamy, G., Balasubramania, V., Chandrasekar, U., (2012c).
Evaluation Of Antioxidant Potential And Fourier Transform Infrared
Spectroscopy Analysis Of Ananus comosus (L.) Merrill Peel. International
Research Jounal Of Pharmacy. India: Karpagam University. Halaman 1.
Kalaiselvia, M., Duraisamy, G., Balasubramania, V., Chandrasekar, U., (2013).
Ameliorative effect Of Ananus comosus Peel on 7.12 Dimethylbenz (α)
Anthracene Induced Mammary Carcinogenesis With References to
Oxidative Stress. Journal of Acute Disease. India: Karpagam University.
Halaman 1.
Kalpana, M.B., Prasath, G.S., , dan Surbramanian, S.. (2014). Studies On The
Antidiabetic Activity Of Ananas comosus Leaves in STZ Induced Diabetic
Rats. Scholars Research Library. India: University of Madras.
Kumalaningsih, S. (2006). Antioksidan Alami: Penangkal Radikal Bebas. Jakarta:
Trubus Agrisarana.
Leeson, C. R. (1996). Buku Ajar Histologi. Jakarta: Penerbit Buku Kedokteran
EGC.
Lenzen, S. (2008). The mechanism of alloxan and streptozotocin induced
diabetes. Diabetologia. Halaman 216.
Mahrouf, M., Ousmani, N., Peynet, J., Djedali, R., Couturier, M., Therond, P.,
Legrand, A., Beaudeux, J.L. (2006). Metformin Reduces AngiotensinMediated Intracellular Production Of reactive Oxygen Species In
70
Endothelial Cells Through The Inhibition Of Protein Kinase C.
Biochemical Pharmacology 72. Halaman 176-186.
Mallik, D., Chiranjib, B., Shivraj, G. (2014). Pharmacological Intervention Of
The Fruit Of Plant Ananas comosus Acting as Hepatoprotective Activity in
Animal Models. India Journal of Research in Pharmacy and Biotechnology.
Andhra Pradesh: Sri Kupa Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences.
Mates, J.M., Gomez, C.P., Castro, I.N. (1999). Antioxidant Enzymes and Human
Diseases. Clin Biochem. 32(8):595-603.
Natural Resources Conservation Service. Ananas comosus (L.) Merr.: Pineapple.
Diakses
tanggal
3
Agustus
2015
http://plants.usda.gov/core/profile?symbol=ANCO30
Nolte, M. S., Karam, J. H.. (2010). Hormon Pankreas & Obat Antidiabetes.
Editor: Katzung, B. G. Farmakologi Dasar dan Klinik. Jakarta: Penerbit
Buku kedokteran EGC. Halaman: 704-709.
Nuraini, D. N.. (2011). Aneka Manfaat Kulit Buah dan Sayuran. Yogyakarta:
ANDI. Halaman 121-122.
Okafor, O.Y., Erukainure, O.L., Ajiboye, J.A., Adejobi, R. O., Owolabi, F.O.,
Kososko, S.B. (2011). Modulatory Effect Of Pineapple Peel Extract On
Lipid Peroxidation, Catalase Activity and Hepatic Biomarkes Levels in
Blood Plasma Of Alcohol-Induced Oxidative Stessed Rats. Asian Pacific
Journal of Tropical Biomedicine. Nigeria.
Pandey, K.B dan S. I. Rizvi. (2010). Markers of Oxidative Stress in Erythrocytes
and Plasma During Aging in Humans. Oxidative Medicine and Cellular
Longevity. 3(1): 2-12.
Pasaribu, F., Panal, S., Saiful, B. (2012). Uji Ekstrak Etanol Kulit Buah Manggis
(Garcinia mangostana L.) Terhadap Penurunan Kadar Glukosa Darah.
Journal of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology 1 (1):1-8.
Pieta, P.G. (2000). Flavonoids as Antioxidants. J. Nat. Prod. 63: 1043-1046.
Polak, J.M., VanNoorden, S. (2003). Introduction to Immunocytochemistry. Third
Edition. Oxford: Bios Sci Pub. Halaman 3.
Praveena, J., Estherlydia, D.. (2014). Comparative Study Of Phytochemical
Screening And Antioxodant Capacities Of Vinegar Made From Peel And
Fruit Of Pineapple (Ananas comosus L.). Int J Pharm Bio Sci 2014 Oct;
5(4). India: Loyola College. Halaman 1-5.
Priyanto. (2009). Toksikologi, Mekanisme, TerapiAntidotum, danPenilaianResiko.
Jakarta : LembagaStudidanKonsulFarmakologi. Halaman 78.
71
Qadori. (2009). Histological Studies On Pancreatic Tissue In Diabetic Rats by
Using Wild Cherry. The Iraqi Postgraduate Medical Journal 10 (3).
Halaman 421-425.
Ramos, J.A., Vara. (2005). Technical aspects of immunohistochemistry. Vet
Pathol.42:405-426.
Riset Kesehatan Dasar (RISKESDAS). (2013). Jakarta: Badan Penelitian dan
Pengembangan Kesehatan, Departemen Kesehatan, Republik Indonesia.
Satya, B.. (2013). Koleksi Tumbuhan Berkhasiat. Yogyakarta: Rapha Publishing.
Halaman 136.
Shahidi,F., Zhong,Y. (2005). Antioxidants: Regulatory Status. In: Bailey’s
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