Analisis Yuridis Tanggung Jawab Mantan Ayah Terhadap Anak Apabila terjadi Perceraian (Studi Putusan Nomor 132 Pdt.G 2011 PN.Mdn)
ABSTRAK
Dalam Undang-Undang Perkawinan, kekuasaan orang tua bersifat tunggal tidak
hapus karena perceraian. Selama perkawinan berlangsung dengan baik artinya tidak putus
di tengah jalan, maka kewajiban pemeliharaan oleh orang tua atas anaknya tidak
menimbulkan masalah, suami istri dapat secara bersama-sama dan saling membantu serta
dengan penuh kasih sayang menunaikan kewajibannya memelihara anak mereka. Namun
disaat perkawinan tidak dapat lagi diteruskan, saat itulah timbul permasalahan siapa yang
menanggung kewajiban untuk menafkahi anak. Walaupun perkawinan telah putus karena
perceraian, kedua orang tua tetap berkewajiban memelihara anak-anak mereka. Hanya
dalam implementasinya yang terjadi sering kali disaat ibu memegang hak pemeliharaan
anak maka pihak ayahlah yang diwajibkan membiayai pemeliharaan anak tersebut.
Penelitian tentang Analisis Yuridis Tanggung Jawab Ayah Terhadap Anak
Apabila Terjadi Perceraian terdiri dari 3 (tiga) masalah yaitu : Bagaimana tanggung
jawab mantan suami terhadap penafkahan anak pasca perceraian jika penghasilannya
kurang cukup memenuhi kebutuhan anak yang telah ditetapkan pengadilan? Bagaimana
dasar pertimbangan hakim untuk menentukan tanggung jawab pihak suami dalam
memberikan penafkahan terhadap anak pasca perceraian? Dan Apa upaya pihak istri yang
mengasuh anak jika kebutuhan anak tidak sesuai dengan yang diputuskan oleh
pengadilan?
Jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penyusunan tesis ini adalah penelitian
yuridis normatif yang mengacu pada pendekatan asas-asas hukum serta norma-norma
hukum yang terdapat dalam perundang-undangan di Indonesia dan pendekatan kasus
dilakukan dengan cara melakukan telaah terhadap kasus-kasus yang berkaitan dengan isu
yang dihadapi yang telah menjadi putusan pengadilan yang telah mempunyai kekuatan
yang tetap. Yang menjadi kajian pokok di dalam pendekatan kasus adalah ratio decidendi
atau reasoning yaitu pertimbangan pengadilan untuk sampai kepada suatu putusan.
Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa Tanggung jawab mantan suami terhadap
penafkahan anak pasca perceraian jika penghasilannya kurang cukup memenuhi
kebutuhan anak yang telah ditetapkan pengadilan sesuai dengan Pasal 41 Undang –
Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 1974, Dasar pertimbangan hakim untuk menentukan tanggung
jawab pihak suami dalam memberikan penafkahan terhadap anak pasca perceraian adalah
dengan melihat kondisi dan perilaku Tergugat yang tidak baik atau kurang dapat dicontoh
untuk diserahkan hak pemeliharaan anak, dan Upaya pihak istri yang mengasuh anak jika
kebutuhan anak tidak sesuai dengan yang diputuskan oleh pengadilan dapat melakukan
upaya hukum ke Pengadilan Negeri.
Penelitian menyarankan bahwa Dalam menentukan siapa yang berhak
mendapatkan hak pemeliharaan anak, Majelis Hakim tidak hanya mempertimbangkan
kemampuan ayah melainkan juga melihat iktikad baik ayah dalam memelihara dan
memenuhi kebutuhan anak serta jumlah nominal yang ditentukan untuk dipenuhi setiap
bulannya sampai anak itu dewasa, supaya memenuhi standar kelayakan untuk memenuhi
kehidupan anak tersebut.
Kata Kunci: Tanggungjawab, Mantan Suami, Perceraian
i
Universitas Sumatera Utara
ABSTRACT
In the Law on marriage, parents’ authority is one and only; it cannot be
eliminated because of a divorce. As long as the marriage runs smoothly, and it is not
broken off, the obligation of parents to take care of their children does not have any
problem. Both wife and husband help each other affectionately in raising their
children. Nevertheless, when the marriage cannot be maintained any more, the
problem will arise: who will be responsible for taking care of the children. Even
though the marriage has broken off, the parents who have been divorced, have the
obligation to take care of their children. In its implementation, however, it frequently
occurs that when the mother has the right to take care of the children, it is the father
who will support the finance.
The research was about Judicial Analysis of the Responsibility of a father for
taking care of the children when a divorce occurs. There were three problems in the
research; they were as follows: how about the responsibility of an ex-husband for
taking care of the children in the post-divorce when he had low income to fulfill the
children’s needs as it had been stipulated by the Court; how about judges’
consideration in regulating an ex-husband in taking care of the children in the postdivorce; and what was the attempt of the ex-wife who took care of the children when
their need was not in line with the Court’s verdict.
The type of the research was judicial normative which was referred to legal
principles and legal norms found in the legal provisions, laws, and regulations in
Indonesia, and the approach to the case was done by analyzing cases related to
issues which became the Court’s verdict which was final and conclusive. The main
analysis in the case approach was ration decidendi or reasoning, that is, the
consideration of the Court which became a verdict.
The result of the research showed that the responsibility of an ex-husband for
taking care of the children in the post-divorce when his income was low to fulfill the
children’s needs as it had been stipulated by the Court which was in line with Article
41 of Law No. 1/1974. Judges’ consideration in determining an ex-husband’s
responsibility for taking care of the children in the post-divorce was to see the
condition and the behavior of the ex-husband, and a defendant who did not have an
exemplary behavior could get the right to take care of his children, and an ex-wife
would take care of her children if their need was not in line with the Court’s verdict;
she could file a complaint to the District Court.
It is recommended that in deciding who will have the right to take of the
children, the panel of judges not only consider the ex-husband capability but also his
good faith in taking care of the children and fulfill their needs. They should also
consider the nominal amount of money per month which meets the feasibility
standard given by the ex-husband to support his children until they become adults.
Keywords: Responsibility, Ex-Husband, Divorce
ii
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Dalam Undang-Undang Perkawinan, kekuasaan orang tua bersifat tunggal tidak
hapus karena perceraian. Selama perkawinan berlangsung dengan baik artinya tidak putus
di tengah jalan, maka kewajiban pemeliharaan oleh orang tua atas anaknya tidak
menimbulkan masalah, suami istri dapat secara bersama-sama dan saling membantu serta
dengan penuh kasih sayang menunaikan kewajibannya memelihara anak mereka. Namun
disaat perkawinan tidak dapat lagi diteruskan, saat itulah timbul permasalahan siapa yang
menanggung kewajiban untuk menafkahi anak. Walaupun perkawinan telah putus karena
perceraian, kedua orang tua tetap berkewajiban memelihara anak-anak mereka. Hanya
dalam implementasinya yang terjadi sering kali disaat ibu memegang hak pemeliharaan
anak maka pihak ayahlah yang diwajibkan membiayai pemeliharaan anak tersebut.
Penelitian tentang Analisis Yuridis Tanggung Jawab Ayah Terhadap Anak
Apabila Terjadi Perceraian terdiri dari 3 (tiga) masalah yaitu : Bagaimana tanggung
jawab mantan suami terhadap penafkahan anak pasca perceraian jika penghasilannya
kurang cukup memenuhi kebutuhan anak yang telah ditetapkan pengadilan? Bagaimana
dasar pertimbangan hakim untuk menentukan tanggung jawab pihak suami dalam
memberikan penafkahan terhadap anak pasca perceraian? Dan Apa upaya pihak istri yang
mengasuh anak jika kebutuhan anak tidak sesuai dengan yang diputuskan oleh
pengadilan?
Jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penyusunan tesis ini adalah penelitian
yuridis normatif yang mengacu pada pendekatan asas-asas hukum serta norma-norma
hukum yang terdapat dalam perundang-undangan di Indonesia dan pendekatan kasus
dilakukan dengan cara melakukan telaah terhadap kasus-kasus yang berkaitan dengan isu
yang dihadapi yang telah menjadi putusan pengadilan yang telah mempunyai kekuatan
yang tetap. Yang menjadi kajian pokok di dalam pendekatan kasus adalah ratio decidendi
atau reasoning yaitu pertimbangan pengadilan untuk sampai kepada suatu putusan.
Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa Tanggung jawab mantan suami terhadap
penafkahan anak pasca perceraian jika penghasilannya kurang cukup memenuhi
kebutuhan anak yang telah ditetapkan pengadilan sesuai dengan Pasal 41 Undang –
Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 1974, Dasar pertimbangan hakim untuk menentukan tanggung
jawab pihak suami dalam memberikan penafkahan terhadap anak pasca perceraian adalah
dengan melihat kondisi dan perilaku Tergugat yang tidak baik atau kurang dapat dicontoh
untuk diserahkan hak pemeliharaan anak, dan Upaya pihak istri yang mengasuh anak jika
kebutuhan anak tidak sesuai dengan yang diputuskan oleh pengadilan dapat melakukan
upaya hukum ke Pengadilan Negeri.
Penelitian menyarankan bahwa Dalam menentukan siapa yang berhak
mendapatkan hak pemeliharaan anak, Majelis Hakim tidak hanya mempertimbangkan
kemampuan ayah melainkan juga melihat iktikad baik ayah dalam memelihara dan
memenuhi kebutuhan anak serta jumlah nominal yang ditentukan untuk dipenuhi setiap
bulannya sampai anak itu dewasa, supaya memenuhi standar kelayakan untuk memenuhi
kehidupan anak tersebut.
Kata Kunci: Tanggungjawab, Mantan Suami, Perceraian
i
Universitas Sumatera Utara
ABSTRACT
In the Law on marriage, parents’ authority is one and only; it cannot be
eliminated because of a divorce. As long as the marriage runs smoothly, and it is not
broken off, the obligation of parents to take care of their children does not have any
problem. Both wife and husband help each other affectionately in raising their
children. Nevertheless, when the marriage cannot be maintained any more, the
problem will arise: who will be responsible for taking care of the children. Even
though the marriage has broken off, the parents who have been divorced, have the
obligation to take care of their children. In its implementation, however, it frequently
occurs that when the mother has the right to take care of the children, it is the father
who will support the finance.
The research was about Judicial Analysis of the Responsibility of a father for
taking care of the children when a divorce occurs. There were three problems in the
research; they were as follows: how about the responsibility of an ex-husband for
taking care of the children in the post-divorce when he had low income to fulfill the
children’s needs as it had been stipulated by the Court; how about judges’
consideration in regulating an ex-husband in taking care of the children in the postdivorce; and what was the attempt of the ex-wife who took care of the children when
their need was not in line with the Court’s verdict.
The type of the research was judicial normative which was referred to legal
principles and legal norms found in the legal provisions, laws, and regulations in
Indonesia, and the approach to the case was done by analyzing cases related to
issues which became the Court’s verdict which was final and conclusive. The main
analysis in the case approach was ration decidendi or reasoning, that is, the
consideration of the Court which became a verdict.
The result of the research showed that the responsibility of an ex-husband for
taking care of the children in the post-divorce when his income was low to fulfill the
children’s needs as it had been stipulated by the Court which was in line with Article
41 of Law No. 1/1974. Judges’ consideration in determining an ex-husband’s
responsibility for taking care of the children in the post-divorce was to see the
condition and the behavior of the ex-husband, and a defendant who did not have an
exemplary behavior could get the right to take care of his children, and an ex-wife
would take care of her children if their need was not in line with the Court’s verdict;
she could file a complaint to the District Court.
It is recommended that in deciding who will have the right to take of the
children, the panel of judges not only consider the ex-husband capability but also his
good faith in taking care of the children and fulfill their needs. They should also
consider the nominal amount of money per month which meets the feasibility
standard given by the ex-husband to support his children until they become adults.
Keywords: Responsibility, Ex-Husband, Divorce
ii
Universitas Sumatera Utara