Uji Toksisitasekstrak Etanol dan Fraksi n-Heksana, Etilasetat Dan Air Daun Titanus (Leea aequata L.) Terhadap Artemia salina Leach Dengan Metode Brine Shrimp Lethality Test

UJI TOKSISITAS EKSTRAK ETANOL DAN FRAKSI
n-HEKSANA, ETILASETAT DAN AIR DAUN TITANUS (Leea aequata L.)
TERHADAP Artemia salina Leach DENGAN METODE
BRINE SHRIMP LETHALITY TEST
ABSTRAK

Daun titanus adalah salah satu tumbuhan yang sering digunakan sebagai
obat tradisional, terutama daunnya. Daun titanus mengandung senyawa metabolit
sekunder berupa alkaloid, flavonoid, glikosida, saponin, tanin dan
steroid/triterpenoid yang memiliki aktivitas biologik misalnya antitetanus,
antiseptik, antibakteri, astringen, antelmintik, antidiare, antipiretik dan antimalaria
tetapi belum diketahui toksisitasnya sehingga perlu diteliti lebih lanjut. Tujuan
penelitian ini untuk mengetahui efek toksik ekstrak etanol, fraksi n-heksana, fraksi
etilasetat dan fraksi air daun titanus terhadap larva Artemia salina Leach.
Ekstraksi dilakukan dengan metode maserasi menggunakan etanol 96%
dan fraksinasi ekstrak etanol dengan ekstraksi cair-cair (ECC). Pengujian
toksisitas ekstrak etanol, fraksi n-heksana, fraksi etilasetat dan fraksi air daun
titanus menggunakan metode uji kematian udang renik. Data diolah menggunakan
analisis regresi liniear untuk memperoleh nilai konsentrasi kematian 50 (LC50).
Hasil analisis regresi linier menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak etanol memiliki
nilai LC50 24,7007 µg/ml, fraksi n-heksana LC50 30,8936 µg/ml fraksi etilasetat

LC50 47,4319 µg/ml dan fraksi air LC50 79,5144 µg/ml. Berdasarkan hasil
perhitungan analisis regresi linier, ekstrak dan fraksi air daun titanus
menunjukkan Sadanya efek toksik karena nilai LC50 dari ekstrak dan fraksi masih
dibawah 1000 µg/ml.
Kata kunci: Fraksi n-Heksana, Etilasetat dan Air Daun Titanus, Toksisitas, Uji
Kematian Udang Renik, dan Artemia salenia Leach.

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Universitas Sumatera Utara

TOXICITY TEST OF ETHANOL EXTRACT AND THE FRACTION OF
n-HEXANE, ETYL ACETATE AND WATER OF TITANUS LEAF (Leea
aequata L.) AGAINST Artemia salina Leach USING
BRINE SHRIMP LETHALITY TEST METHODE
ABSTRACT

Titanus leaf is one of the plants that often are used as traditional
medicine. Titanus leaf contains secondary metabolite compounds such as
alkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides, saponins, tannins and steroids/triterpenoids

which have Biological activity example antitetanus, antiseptic, antibacterial,
astringent, antihelmintic, antidiarrheal, antipyretic and anti-malarial, but that
activity are not discovery toxicity so that need to futher were investigated. The
purpose of this research was to determine the toxic effect of ethanol extract, the
fraction of n-hexane, the fraction of ethyl acetate and the fraction water of titanus
leaf against larva of Artemia salina Leach.
Extraction was macerated using ethanol 96% and the fractionation of
ethanol extract with liquid-liquid extraction (LLE). Toxicity test of ethanol
extract, the fraction of n-hexane, the fraction of ethyl acetate and the fraction
water of titanus leaf were tested using Brine Shrimp Lethality Test methode. The
data were processed by using linear regression analysis to obtain Lethal
Concentration 50 (LC50) value.
The results of linear regression analysis showed that the ethanol extract
had LC50 24.7007 µg/ml, the fraction of n-hexane had LC50 30.8936 µg/ml, the
fraction of ethyl acetate had LC50 47.4319 µg/ml and the fraction water had LC50
79.5144µg/ml. Based on the result of calculation of linear regression analysis, the
extract and fraction’s of titanus leaf contains toxic effect because the LC50 of
extract and fraction value is under 1000 mcg/ml.

Keywords: The fraction of n-Hexane, Ethyl Acetate and Water Titanus Leaf,

Toxicity, Brine Shrimp Lethality Test, and Artemia salina Leach.

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Universitas Sumatera Utara