Perbedaan Psychological Well-Being Caregiver Formal berdasarkan Status Kelembagaan Panti Jompo

PERBEDAAN PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL-BEING
CAREGIVER FORMAL BERDASARKAN STATUS

KELEMBAGAAN PANTI JOMPO

SKRIPSI
Diajukan untuk memenuhi persyaratan
Ujian Sarjana Psikologi

Oleh:

MARIA SIMANJUNTAK
121301042

FAKULTAS PSIKOLOGI
UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA
MEDAN
2016

Universitas Sumatera Utara

ii

Universitas Sumatera Utara

iii

Universitas Sumatera Utara

Perbedaan Psychological Well-Being Caregiver Formal berdasarkan Status
Kelembagaan Panti Jompo
Maria Simanjuntak1 dan Hasnida2

ABSTRAK
Caregiver formal lansia adalah individu yang menerima pembayaran (baik
itu tenaga professional, honorer, asisten perawat) untuk menyediakan perawatan
fisik, sosial, psikologis, serta pengawasan kepada lansia yang membutuhkan.
Menurut Murti (2013) terdapat 2 jenis panti jompo berdasarkan kelembagaannya,
yaitu: panti jompo pemerintah dan panti jompo swasta. Adanya perbedaan jumlah
lansia yang ditangani oleh caregiver formal di panti jompo pemerintah dan swasta
menjadi salah satu penyebab menurunnya kesehatan pada caregiver . Penurunan

kesehatan tersebut akan berdampak pada psychological well-being para caregiver
di kedua lembaga. Psychological well-being dipengaruhi oleh peran yang
dilakukannya dalam kehidupan sehari-hari oleh caregiver formal di panti jompo.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat perbedaan psychological well-being
caregiver formal berdasarkan status kelembagaan panti jompo. Penelitian ini
menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan jenis penelitian komparatif. Jumlah subjek
penelitian ini adalah 60 caregiver formal panti jompo. Alat ukur yang digunakan
dalam penelitian ini adalah adaptasi skala Psychological Well-Being dari Ryff
(1995). Berdasarkan hasil pengukuran diperoleh nilai reliabilitas komposit sebesar
(rxx) = 0,667. Data kemudian dianalisa dengan menggunakan teknik independent
sample t-test dan menunjukkan hasil bahwa (1)perbedaan psychological well-being
caregiver formal berdasarkan status kelembagaan tidak signifikan. Hal ini dapat
dilihat dari nilai signifikansi sebesar 0,42(p > 0,05). (2)dari keenam dimensi hanya
pada dimensi penguasaan lingkungan yang terdapat perbedaan psychological wellbeing caregiver formal berdasarkan status kelembagaan, yaitu caregiver panti
jompo pemerintah memiliki nilai mean lebih tinggi daripada swasta dengan nilai
signifikansi 0,029 (p < 0,05)

Kata Kunci : Psychological well-being, status kelembagaan panti jompo,
caregiver formal

1
2

Mahasiswa Fakultas Psikologi Universitas Sumatera Utara
Dosen Departemen Psikologi Klinis Fakultas Psikologi Sumatera Utara

ii

Universitas Sumatera Utara

Differences Psychological Well-Being Formal Caregiver based on The
Institutional status of Nursing Home
Maria Simanjuntak1 and Hasnida2

ABSTRACT
Formal caregivers are individuals who receive payments (as
professionals, honorary, assistant nurses) to provide physical care, social,
psychological, and supervision to other individuals in need, especially the elderly
in nursing homes. Murti (2013) explained there are two types of nursing homes
based institutions, i.e: public nursing homes and private nursing homes. The

difference in the number of elderly which handled by the formal caregiver at public
and private nursing homes become one of the causes of declining health on
caregiver. Health decline will impact on psychological well-being of the caregiver
at both institutions. Psychological well-being is the result of the assessment or
evaluation of a person against himself from his own experience. Psychological
well-being influenced by his role in his daily activities as caregiver at nursing
homes. This study aims to look the differences of psychological well-being among
the formal caregivers based on instutional status of nursing home. This study used
quantitative methods with comparative research. The number of subject for this
study were 60 formal caregivers. This study used Psychological Well-Being Scale
of Ryff (1995) as measure instrument, which has been translated into Indonesian.
Measurement results obtained reliability value (rxx) = 0,667. Data were analyzed by
using technique independent sample t-test and showed that (1) differences in
psychological well-being formal caregiver based on institutional status have not
significant value. It can be seen from the significant value of 0,42 (p>0,05). (2)
from six dimension that being used in this study, only on environmental mastery
dimension that showed differences in psychological well-being formal caregiver
based on institutional status, caregiver at public nursing has a higher mean than
private with significant value 0,029 (p