The struggle of five characters to achieve the target in Paulo Coelgo's the Winner Stands Alone Novel: new criticism.

THE STRUGGLE OF FIVE CHARACTERS TO ACHIEVE THE

TARGET IN PAULO COELHO’STHE WINNER STANDS

ALONE_{NOVEL: NEW CRITICISM STUDY} THESIS

Submitted as partial fulfillment of the requirements for the sarjana degree of english department faculty of Arts and Humanities State

Islamic University of Sunan Ampel Surabaya

By :

LAILATUL HIDAYAH Reg. Number: A33213062

ENGLISH DEPARTMENT

FACULTY OF LETTERS AND HUMANITIES

STATE ISLAMIC UNIVERSITY SUNAN AMPEL

SURABAYA

2017

ABSTRACT

Hidayah, Lailatul 2017. The Struggle Of Five Characters To Achieve The Target In Paulo

Coelho’s The Winner Stands Alone Novel: New Criticism Study. Thesis. English Department. Faculty of Letters and Humanities. State Islamic University Sunan Ampel Surabaya.

The Advisor: Wahju Kusumajanti, M.Hum.

This thesis is entitled The Struggle of Five Characters To Achieve The Target In Paulo

Coelho’s The Winner Stands Alone Novel: New Criticism Study. The purpose of this study is to illustrate the five character struggles in acheiving goals in life and knowing the process of achievement. This study identifies the five characters struggle process in the achievement of life which they call victory in life.

The method used in this study is descriptive qualitative method by analyzing the intrinsic element by using characters theory to know the character of five characters and plot to know the process of achievement. This type of study is based on a literature which collect books. Journals and internet resources that are associated with this study. According to new criticism, the appropriate method used in this study is the intensity in reading.

The result of the study shows that each character has their own way to reach their goals as depicted in the plot of the story. The study of plot is purposed to get description how those five charactersAbove struggle for their goals, by analyzing the stages of plot it canbe identified the struggle of the character studied.

ABSTRAK

Hidayah, Lailatul 2017. The Struggle Of Five Characters To Achieve The Target In

Paulo Coelho’s The Winner Stands Alone Novel: New Criticism Study. Thesis. English Deprtment. Faculty of Letters and Humanities. State Islamic University Sunan Ampel Surabaya.

The Advisor: Wahju Kusumajanti, M.Hum.

Skripsi ini berjudul The Struggle Of Five Characters To Achieve The Target In Paulo

Coelho’s The Winner Stands Alone Novel: New Criticism Study. Tujuan dari studi ini adalah menggambarkan perjuangan lima karakter dalam mencapai tujuan dalam hidupnya dan mengetahui proses pencapaian. Studi ini mengidentifikasikan proses perjuangan lima karakter dalam pencapaian hidup yang menurut mereka sebut kemenangan dalam hidup.

Metode yang digunakan dalam studi ini adalah metode deskriptif kualitatif dengan menganalisis unsure intrinsic dengan menggunakan teori karakter untuk mengetahui perwatakan lima karakter dan plot untuk mengetahui proses pencapaian . jenis studi ini berdasarkan pustaka untuk mengumpulkan buku, jurnal dan sumber internet yang memiliki hubungan dengan analisi ini. Menurut kritik baru, metode yang sesuai yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah intensitas dalam membaca.

Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa setiap karakter memiliki cara tersendiri untuk mencapai tujuannya seperti apa yang digambarkan melalui plot dalam novel. Penelitian tentang plot bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan bagaimana lima karakter dalam novel berjuang mencapai tujuannya, dari analisa tahapan plot dalam cerita sehingga perjuangan dari lima karakter dapat di identifikasikan.

TABLE OF CONTENT

Inside Cover Page ... i

Declaration Page ... ii

Dedication Page ... iii

Motto ... iv

Advisor’s Approval Page ... v

Examiner Approval Page ... vi

Acknowledgement... vii

Table of Content... x

Abstract ... xiii

CHAPTER I : INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background of Study ... 1

1.2 Statement of Problem... 5

1.3 Object of Study ... 5

1.4 Scope and Limitation ... 6

1.5 Significance of Study ... 6

1.6 Method of Study ... 7

1.6.1 Research Design ... 7

1.6.2 Data Source ... 7

1.6.3 Data Collection ... 8

1.6.4 Data Analysis ... 8

1.7 Definition of Key Terms ... 9

2.1 Theoritical Framework... 10

2.1.1 New Criticism ... 10

2.1.2 Intrinsic Elements ... 11

2.1.2.1 Character ... 12

2.1.2.2 Characterization ... 13

2.1.2.3 Setting ... 14

2.1.2.4 Theme ... 15

2.1.2.5 Plot ... 16

2.1.2.6 Moral Value ... 18

2.2 Struggle ... 19

2.3 Literary Review... 19

CHAPTER III: ANALYSIS 3.1 Character and Characterization Five Characters ... 22

3.1.1. The Character and Characterization of Igor ... 23

3.1.2. The Character and Characterization of Gabriela ... 27

3.1.3. The Character and Characterization of Hamid ... 30

3.1.4. The Character and Characterization of Jasmine ... 32

3.1.5. The Character and Characterization of Savoy ... 33

3.2The Struggle Process of Five Characters to Achieve the Target... 34

3.2.1 Igor’s Struggle ... 34

3.2.2 Gabriela’s Struggle... 40

3.2.3 Hamid’s Struggle... 42

3.2.5 Savoy’s Struggle ... 46

CHAPTER IV: CONCLUSION ... 48

WORK CITED ... 50

APPENDIX

Biography ... 52

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CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background of Study

The word literature is derived from the Latin ‘letter’ which primarily refers to the written or printed words. It might be based on this idea that even today people still often think of literature almost exclusively as written expression. Wellek and Warren say that literature is creative expression of human imagination or wishes that it is almost impossible to create an exact definition of it (3). In other words, they say that literature is the mirror of human life that reflects human feeling, thought, imagination and perception which can be viewed based on personal judgment (3). From the definition above the researcher concludes that literature is literary work of human who wants to express their feelings, idea or thought in words and act.

There are many ways of defining works of literature and the conventional categories are known as genres, a French word meaning kinds or type. Literature can be divided into three genres such as prose fiction, poetry, and drama as Roberth and Jacobs state that they are classify literature into the following genres or classes: prose fiction, poetry, and drama(2). In addition, one of the types of literary works is prose. Prose refers to any written piece of work that is built on sentence and paragraphs. Prose has two types: the first type is fiction prose and the second type is none fiction prose. Above all, Kennedy and Gioia states that fiction from the latin fictio, a shaping, a counterfeiting is a name for stories not

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enttrely factual, but at least partially shaped, made up, imagined (66). It can be concluded, fiction is a narrative work that tells something imaginary. As a work of imaginary, fiction directs various problems of human life in the interactions with the environment and others. Fiction is the result of dialogue, contemplation, and reactions to the environment and the life of the author. While according to Abrams, fiction as a synonymously with novel. One of the literary works is novel. Abrams also said that the term novel is now applied to a great variety of writings that have in common only the attribute of being extended works of fiction written in prose (190). Similarly, novel is long enough to fill a complete book, it is a fictional prose narrative and having plot that is extended by the character, speech, and action. By reading novel everybody can enjoy their spare time and also fulfill their emotional needs.

The Winner Stands Alone is a novel by Paulo Coelho and was published by Harper Collins Publisher Ltd in 2008. The book was first published in Portuguese under the title O Vencedor está Só. It is the thirteenth major book by Coelho. In 2009, the English version was published with the same publishing company and Margaret Jull Costa as the translator. The novel consists of 343 pages and divided into thirty two chapters. The Winner Stands Alone has sold its rights to 44

languages. Paulo Coelho was born in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, on August 24, 1947. He is a lyricist, musician and novelist. Paulo Coelho is one of the most widely read authors in the world. His books have been sold more than 100 million copies worldwide, have been translated into 68 languages, and have been published in 150 countries. He was named a United Nations Messenger of Peace in 2007. He is

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the recipient of numerous international awards, amongst them the Crystal Award by the World Economic Forum. His other literary works are The Alchemist, The Pilgrimage, The Valkyries, By the River Piedra I Sat Down and Wept, The Fifth Mountain, Veronika Decides to Die, Warrior of Light: A Manual, Eleven Minutes, The Zahir, The Devil and Miss Prym, The Witch of Portobello, Brida. In total, Coelho has published 30 books. Three of them – The Pilgrimage,The Valkyries and Aleph – are autobiographical, while the majority of the rest are fictional, although rooted in his life experiences (http://www.wikipedia.biography.com).

The Winner Stands Alone in set in the exciting worlds of fashion and

cinema. Take a place over the course of twenty-four hours during the Cannes Film Festival, French. It supposed to happen in the month of May. Where there were thousands of interesting and famous people around the world gather to appreciate many kinds of films. In the Cannes Festival Film there are many people with different motivation and background. They have same dreams to be the people in the status “Superclass”. Coelho’s terms for people of Power. “The Superclass, “ he says, “rules the world; their arguments are subtle, their voices soft, their smile discreet, but their decision are final. In Cannes, the Superclass is consisted of film, fashion, money and fame. One of main character in this novel is Igor Malev, he is a successful, handsome and millionaire from Russian businessman but with blurred distinction of good and evil. He believes that killing is acceptable if it is done for a good reason. He is obsessed for his ex-wife, Ewa, who left him for a successful fashion designer, Hamid. Igor persuade her to Cannes, where he has determined destroy whole worlds to get her back. Meanwhile, Hamid is a

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successful fashion designer, who started off to change the system by showcasing his native country’s culture through his designs, but later fell in the trap of the same system. Then Gabriela, an aspiring actress, reaches Cannes in the hope that all her life’s hard work will be rewarded and is convinced that being a celebrity is the ultimate achievement and fame is the supreme reward. Jasmine, a successful model from Africa, is another character that Coelho develops and who is the only one grounded in reality. She is not captivated by the shallow world of glamour and sticks to her values. And the last is Savoy, an ambitious criminal detective, hoping to resolve the case of his life.

After reading The Winner Stands Alone, the researcher can describe the intrinsic elements of The Winner Stands Alone novel. Coelho was very thorough in giving a lot of information to the reader the real portrait about the life of the ‘Superclass’, Coelho refers to the people who have connected with cinema and celebrity, such as film producer, upper class actors and actress, supermodel, starlet. Paulo Coelho also used a simple diction in this novel. The researcher did not find any difficulty in understanding the whole content of the novel. Then, the researcher interested in the plot that occurs over 24 hours, amidst lot of action and thrill.

Based on the explanation above, the writer is interested in analyzing the intrinsic elements in the novel The Winner Stands Alone. These elements include: the character, characterization, plot, theme, setting, symbol and moral value. Moreover, the writer will also use new criticism theory. The writer choosing The Winner Stands Alone novel as the object is because some reasons. First, the writer

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interests with five characters which are they have the target. Second, the writer interests with their struggle to achieve their target to be a winner in their life. And the third, the writer interest with plot in the story The Winner Stands Alone by Paulo Coelho.

1.2 Statement of Problem

Based on the background of the study above, the writer formulates the problems as follow:

a. How are the five characters described in the novel The Winner Stands Alone?

b. How can those five characters achieve their target in their life?

1.3 Objective of Study

Based on the problems of the study above, this study has three objectives that can be stated as follows:

a. To describe five characters as the main character in the novel The Winner Stands Alone.

b. To find out how the five characters get same target in the novel The Winner Stands Alone.

1.4 Scope and Limitation

In order to prevent non-relevant of problem, this study will be limited to the novel of The Winner Stands Alone. The limitation of the study then focuses on the intrinsic elements in the novel such as character and characterizations to answer statements of the problems stated above, the first to describe five characters and

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her characterization, the second is to describe of the plot happened in the novel, and the last to explain the struggle of five character to get same target from that novel is important points to analysis. Besides that, the limitations of this study the writer New Criticism theory to analyze Paulo Coelho’s novel The Winner Stands Alone.

1.5 Significance of Study

The study hopes to contribute to the academic community of Sunan Ampel State Islamic University. And also the writer hopes that readers of this thesis will get an understanding about three aspects, the first to know more about the

characters and characterization study. The second is about how the plot that happened and the last about how the struggle of four characters achieve their target. Not only that, it is also brought two significances. The first significance is to understand that new criticism considers literature as a tool to convey the message including the theme in terms of the text itself that showed in the literary works. The second significance is to lead to an interesting understand ing on Paulo Coelho’s novel for Sunan Ampel State Islamic University students, particularly English Literature Department students, who are interested to take study of New Criticism.

1.6 Method of Study

This chapter discusses how the study is conducted. It involves four main sub chapters consisting of research design, source of data, procedure of data

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1.6.1 Research Design

In conducting this research, the researcher uses qualitative research. The data will be collected with the form of words or sentences to become narration and does not with numeric. The researcher uses a library research and also uses theory of New Criticism theory and structuralism approach. It is because New Criticism divided to be four types: character, characterization, plot and moral value. This research gives clearly explanation and description about the intrinsic element in the novel The Winner Stands Alone.

The qualitative research means understand the phenomenon about what is around the subject research holistically as well as descriptively in the form of the words and language, in particular context that is natural and to utilize the various science method (Moleong 6). It covers source of the data, the data, data collection and data analysis technique.

1.6.2 Data Source

The primary data is the main data that gives major part to data collection directly, while the secondary data is the source that gives the data to the data collection indirectly as supporting data (Sugiyono 225). In this research, writer uses the novel with the title The Winner Stands Alone written by Paulo Coelho which was first published at 2008 source of primary data. The data will be taken by quoting the important sentences in the novel and also related to problem of the study. The secondary data sources are related books, paper, journal of New Criticism.

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1.6.3 Data Collection

In order to gather the data, this study based on searching data that related to the subject studies. Some theories and other understanding that related to the subject studies are gathered as well.

There will some steps to collect the data. First, reading and understand the novel of The Winner Stands Alone. Second, collecting the data that support the analysis such as articles and online resources by reading the books from library and downloading some materials from internet based on the problem of the study. The researcher only focuses on the intrinsic elements.

1.6.4 Data Analysis

After collecting the data, in the presenting the analysis the writer mainly uses descriptive analytical method. The researcher will produce the data and divide into some steps. First, the researcher chooses some sentences which show the character and characterization in the novel. The second, the researcher analyze the data based on the statement of problem that supporting new criticism theory. And the last making conclusion based on the result of data analysis. And the third, making conclusion based on the result of data analysis.

1.7 Definition of Key Terms

To avoid any different perceptions between the writer and the readers in understanding the study, it is essential to give some definition of key terms used in this study. Here are the key terms explained:

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Intrinsic elements : the formal elements of the novel, where is consist of by the character, characterization, plot, setting, moral value and symbol.

Target : an objective or result towards which efforts are directed.

Winner : someone that popular and successful, or in a particular situation are the people who have benefited from it and are in a better position than they previously were because of it.

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CHAPTER II

REVIEW OF LITERATURE

2.1 Theoritical Framework

This chapter discusses the theory used to analyze this study. New Criticism is the main theory, it included by intrinsic elements in the novel The Winner Stands Alone by Paulo Coelho. The intrinsic elements of the novel that will be focuses on analyzes are included: characters and characterizations, theme, plot, setting and also the moral value of the novel.

2.1.1 New Criticism

Tyson states that new criticism is the organic unity of the text that is formed by formal elements which is depicted in the text (136). It means that the formal elements are the main tool to analyze the text itself. In other words, Tyson states that new criticism is the main tool in an analysis to reveal the true meaning of a text based on the text itself (136). Moreover, he also states that knowing an author’s intention, therefore, tell us nothing about the text itself, which is why New Criticism coined the term intentional fallacy to refer to the mistaken belief that the author’s intention is the same as the text’s meaning (136). It means that new criticism does not need the author’s background or reader response to get the meaning of the text. As Charter states that, new criticism concentrated on

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New criticism asserts that test of literary works is a complete system or structure. As complete structure of literary works, text of literary works is constructed by elements of literary works which have correlation each other to make a meaning. In this way, a New Criticism attempt to study the formal elements of the text such as characterization, setting of the time and place, point of view, plot, images, metaphor and symbols to interpret the text which all the evidence provided by the language of the text itself (Tyson 137). Therefore based on the new criticism, the writer described plot, setting, character, theme,

characterization and moral value in The Winner Stands Alone Novel.

2.1.1 Intrinsic Elements

According to Griffith, he said that each intrinsic element of the text contributes meaning to the whole of the story. Even thought all of the intrinsic elements deliver meaning to the story, it is better to examine several intrinsic elements of the texts to get the central meaning of it (72). Intrinsic element is a part of the story, which are related each other to build the whole of a story (Nurgiyantoro 22).

One of the ways to understand about the meaning of literary works is by paying attention in the text itself, mainly it is intrinsic element, such as character and characterization, plot, moral value. The readers will easily convey the meaning of the story (DiYAnni44). The research concludes that by intrinsic elements, reader will easily get the meaning of the story, it includes by character and characterization, plot, theme, and moral value in the novel.

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2.1.2.1 Character

Character is one of intrinsic elements in fiction or narrative work. It is an important element in narrative work or in a story that can be a study. Character often becomes the most important discuss than other element (Nurgiyantoro 164). According to Hallent that character is the mental, emotional, and social qualities to distinguish one entire from another people, animals, spirits, automations, pieces of furniture, and other animated object (7). In the other word, Abrams states that character is a person in a dramatic or narrative work which naturally processes moral dispositional qualities that are expressed in what he rays through the dialogue and what he does through the action (20).

According to Hallent that the types of character there are:

1. Flat: one dimensional character, typically not central to the story. 2. Two-dimensional: characters may be used as vessels to carry out the

plot.

3. Round: a complex, fully-developed character, usually prone to change. 4. Static: these can be either round or flat characters but they do not change

during the story. Folktales, fairytales, and other types use static and flat characters whose actions are predictable, so the reader is free to

concentrate on the action and theme as each moves toward an often times universal discovery.

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5. Dynamic: a developing character, usually at the center of the action, which is changes or grows to a new awareness of life (the human condition).

6. Stereotype : a character so little individualized as to show only qualities of an occupation, or national, ethnic, or other group to which they belongs (example: Irishman, Sicilian, soldier, dumb blonde, obnoxious brat, silly teenager).

7. Universal: character with problems and traits common to all humanity. 8. Individual: a more eccentric and unusual representation of character.

Based on the explanation above, in the literary works such as drama, short story and novel, character is an important element which will always be present to build the story in the literary works.

2.1.2.2 Characterization

Character is one of most important formal elements in a text. There are no other formal elements such as plot, setting, even the theme that can work without character. Character usually followed by characterization. As Holman states that characterization is the creation of character imaginary persons (52).

Characterization means that writers present and reveal character, by direct

description, by showing the character in action or by the presentation of the other characters that help to define each other (“Element of Fiction”).

Character and characterization can not be separated, but it is different each other. In other definition, characterization is the creation of these imaginary persons, so

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that they exist for the reader as real within the limits of the fiction and have ability to characterize the people of one’s imagination successfully is a primary attribute of a good novelist, dramatist, or short story writer (Holman 75).

There are two types of characterization, direct characterization and indirect characterization. Direct characterization refers to what speaker or narrator directly says or thinks about character, the reader is told what the character is like. Indirect characterization refers to what the character says or does. The reader then infers what the character is all about, the reader who is obligated to figure out what the character is like (Bernardo 2).

Holman also states that there are three fundamental methods of characterization in fiction: (1) the explicit presentation by the author of the character through direct exposition, either in an introductory block or more often piecemeal throughout the work, illustrated by action; (2) the presentation of the character in action, with little or no explicit comment by the author, in the expectation that the reader will be able to deduce the attributes of the actor from the actions; and (3) the representation from within a character, without comment on the character by the author, of the impact of actions and emotions upon the character's inner self, with the expectation that the reader will come to a clear understanding of the attributes of the character (76).

2.1.2.3 Setting

Setting is usually called the point of a novel by many readers because it is depicted where or when the scene of the story is being told. It can also be the important thing of a literary work. The author has to make the setting clear so the

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reader will not be confused by the scene changing. Kelly Griffith stated that there are four aspect which connected by the setting. Those are the physical, the time in which the action of a literary work takes place, the social environment of the characters, and atmosphere that can be describe as the effect of setting (40). By looking at the description, a conclusion can be shown that setting can not work alone because it usually appears to reflect other elements of a literary work. Setting can reflect the mood of character or it can also reveal how the situation and how the personality of character (149).

In according with Robert statement that setting is essential to meaning. It provides a historical and cultural context that enhances the understanding of characters (61). He also stated that setting is an important dimension of meaning since it reflects character and embodies theme. Setting is important for an additional reason: it symbolizes the emotional state of the character (62).

2.1.2.4 Theme

Hartoko and Rahmanto, say that the theme is the ideas of common bases that sustain a work of literature and are contained in the text semantic structure regarding commonality or differences (142). Themes distilled from the motifs contained in the relevant work that determines the presence of events, conflicts and situations. The theme became the basis of development of the whole story, so he is animating the whole story. A common theme has a generalization, wider, and abstract. Principal themes as the meaning of a work of fiction is not deliberately hidden because precisely this that is offered to the reader.

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2.1.2.5 Plot

Plot is a literary term used to describe the events that make up a story or the main part of a story. The plot is more than just a sequence of events, about cause and effect. Additionally, plot is the actions, events, and situations describe in most stories are related to each other by more than just accident. Beside, the plot

combines with the other elements of fiction, there are imagery, style and

symbolism, for example to create an emotional response in the reader; suspense, humor, sadness, excitement, or terror.

According to Richard states that are the order of events in which the reader learns of them (164). Richard also states that plot is incidents written a particular order that reveals literary meaning and gives influence on the reader’s emotion and thought (167).

Based on the explanation above, the writer concludes that plot is everything that happens in the novel, and it is certainly supported by characters and

characterizations in the novel. Moreover, that plot is known as the foundations of the novel. Which characters and setting are built around, it is mean to organize information’s and event in logical manner.

According to Hallent he said that the divisions of the plot include: 1. Exposition.

Exposition it is mean rising action or introduction, how readers learn details previous to the story’s beginning and then continues toward the climax of the story (5). Other explanation states that expositions are the starting point of narrative providing information’s about the main

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character and setting in the narrative. Based on the explanation above, the writer concludes that exposition is how the beginning conflict or problems happened in the story firstly.

2. Diversion

The next step of plot is diversion, it is mean that any episode prior to the climax that does not contribute directly to the rising action or add to the suspense (5). The writer concludes that complication is problems in the story will happen and developed.

3. Climax

The climax is the central point at which the central character is about to win or lose all. It features the most conflict and struggle which the most probable outcome of the main conflict is finally revealed. In the other words, climax is the moment in the story at which a crisis reaches it is highest intensity and its potential resolution, the turning point (5).

According to Gwynn says that central moment of crisis in a plot is the climax, or moments of great tension, which inaugurates the falling action of the story, in which the built-up tension is finally released. Some stories, particularly those involving a heavy use of suspense, have a step “dramatic curve” and the writer used all of their skills to impel the reader toward the final confrontation (Gwynn 9). Based on explanations above, the writer concludes that climax is how the way to end the conflict happened in the story.

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Denouement is falling action or resolution. Which is this part reveals the final outcome or result of conflicts in the story (5). Denouement it means resolution or untying. In other words, Gwynn state that denouement returns of character to another stable situation. 2.1.2.6 Moral Value

According to Immanuel Kant, morality is the assurance and inner attitude and is not merely an adjustment to the rules of the outside, whether it’s state law, religion or customs. In the other word, he say that morality concerning good and bad things, it means that what is good in self, good on any restrictions at all. It is further said that the quality of one’s moral criterion is loyalty itself. Morality is the implementation of the obligations of respect for the law, while the law is written in the human heart.

2.2 Struggle Concept

According to Frederick Douglas as mentioned by Leanne Hongland-Smith in her article entitled Personal Motivation: Without struggle there is no proggress; struggle can be defined as mental, physiological, and psychological attempt of human beings in process to overcome difficulty in life to motivate them toward progress and achievement of their goals (1). Struggle is and element in human beings’ life that makes them survive. It requires people to confront the hard situation, overcome the obstacles, and manage the pain as well as hardship of the difficult road. It makes people improve the sense of courage, tolerance, and patience. Struggle gives us an opportunity to grow and move ahead in life. Most

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famous people have though tales of struggle beneath their success. Success hold high value because it requires toil, perseverance, conviction and ambition to achieve it. Struggle empowers a person to work harder to achieve the goals and dreams of life. Struggle is needed to stimulate any kind of progress. Their struggle may be moral one, or it may be a physical one; or it may be both moral and

physical, but it must be a struggle.

Struggle is a very difficult task that you can do only by making a great effort. Struggle in one's life is needed in the life of a man who lives in the real world, so it can be said in one's life must struggle or strive to achieve the desires or goals to be achieved whether in material or immaterial . In everyday life we often hear or often we speak about the struggle of human life , but it is very difficult to implement, but basically there is nothing difficult for us to do when someone has reached a real awareness of the importance of the struggle in the life of a human being to achieve the desires or goals to be achieved . " life is struggle " was the English say . This means that in life there must be an effort to get ahead of us .When a person has not had the spirit to move forward then surely he will be a loser in life. The person can only blame circumstances, themselves and others. For that whoever we are, if we want to succeed there must be a struggle in this life.

2.3 Literary Review

A review of related studies is needed, because it is to justify that a literary work has not been used before by applying a close-fitting approach compared

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with other research and even though it has been used. A review literature is very significant to enlarge the knowledge about this studies, the writer reviewed the previous study which has relation with this study in some aspects. In writing this thesis, writer uses some review studies having relation with the topic about Paulo Coelho’s The Winner Stands Alone novel.

The first is students of English Language Education Study Program, Department of Language and Arts Education, Faculty of Teachers Training and Education, Sanata Dharma. The writter is Esther Yulyanti Siahaan “Revealing Factors that Trigger Igor, the Main Character of Paulo Coelho’s The Winner Stands Alone, to Become a Murderer”. This paper discuss about Igor is Potrayed as a cautious, charming, faithful, hard-working, intelligent, methodical, observant, and proud man. Furthermore, he is motivated to become a murderer because he intends to get his wife, Ewa, back and because he loves her so much.

The second literary review is student of French Language Department and Literature State of University Yogyakarta. The writer is Dyah Nurul Hajar with title “ Perkembangan perwatakan tokoh utama roman La Solitude Du Vainqueur karya Paulo Coelho (Kajian psikoanalisis)”.

The third literary review is student of English Education department state of Muhammadiyah University Surakarta 2014. The writer is Ibnu Rosid Afandi with title “Antisocial Personality Disorder Experienced by Igor Malev. The main character in Paulo Coelho’s novel The Winner Stands Alone (2009): an abnormal psychology” this paper described that based on abnormal psychology, Igor Malev has experienced personality disturbance called antisocial personality disorder. The

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reason of the writer is interested in exploring what Igor Malev, especially the personality disorder the posed and its manifestations.

The researchers above are similar to what the writer conducts. What makes this research is different, the writer analyzes intrinsic element in the novel The Winner Stands Alone novel, which are used New Criticism as main theory and using intrinsic elements for analysis that novel. It is included by some character characterizations, the plot, and the last is to find to the moral value in the novel The Winner Stands Alone by Paulo Coelho.

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CHAPTER III ANAYSIS

This chapter contains data analysis, which related to some intrinsic elements. The writer divides this chapter into three parts answer the statement of problems. The first part discusses the characters and characterizations of five characters which are described in Paulo Coelho’s The Winner Stands Alone. The second part discusses the plot that happened. And the last part discusses about how the five characters achieve their target.

3.1 Characters and characterizations Five Characters

In this part the writer will explain about the four characters in The Winner Stands Alone novel. The writer uses the theory from Kennedy to know the kind of the characters in the story. Character is one of intrinsic elements in fiction or narrative work. It is an important element in narrative work or in a story that can be a study. In other words, according to Hallent that character is the mental, emotional, and social qualities to distinguish one entire from another people, animals, spirits, automations, pieces of furniture, and other animated object (7). From the theory above, the writer only discusses four characters from many characters in the novel, because the writer only focuses for the major character which are considered have a characteristic, because of that, this analysis is divided into five characters which is becoming an important part of the novel. The five characters have a dominant personality. Those are: Igor, Hamid , Gabriela,

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Jasmine, and Savoy. The writer will be explains those characters and characterizations in this chapter.

3.1.1 The Character and Characterization of Igor

Kennedy states that main character is human personalities that become familiar to us (136). Besides that, to be able to characterize the whole characters, the writer applies the theory taken from The Basic of Drama by Itsna Syahadatud Dinuriyah. There are several ways of characterization. The ways are form the physical, sociology, psychological and moral. Igor Malev is categorized as the main character because he most appears in every part in the novel.

The first characterization based on the physical appear as in the first scene. Igor Malev is forty years old man, a handsome Russian businessman. He is handsome, interesting performance, good physical shape, well-dressed man, and speaking French well. It can be seen as follow:

Igor is untouched by this destructive power, for he has one of the most enviable jobs in the world. He continues to earn more money in a day than he could spend in a year, even if he were to indulge in all possible pleasures, legal and illegal. He has no difficulty in finding women, regardless of whether they know how much money he has— he’s tested it out on more than one occasion and never failed yet. He has just turned forty, is in good physical shape, and, according to his annual checkup, has no health problems. He has no debts either. He doesn’t have to wear a particular designer label, go to a particular restaurant,spend his holidays at a beach where “everyone” goes, or buy a watch just because some successful sportsman is promoting it. He can sign major contracts with a cheap ballpoint pen, wear

comfortable, elegant jackets, handmade by a tailor who has a small shop next to his office, and which carry no label at all. (Coelho: 5)

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Based on quotation above, it shows that Igor is the forty years old man which the attractive man and interesting performance. The handsomeness of Igor Malev makes all of most women overawing to him. In addition, Coelho shows that Igor is a man with dark glasses as the identity. Dark glasses it is form a part of accessories fashion which are for high class style. Beside, the dark glasses it is mean that to cover up his face and not easy to unidentified. Dark glasses also mean that the visible image of mysterious people. It can be seen from quotation bellow:

There’s a man in dark glasses drinking a fruit juice. He seems oblivious to his surroundings and is staring out to sea as if he were somewhere far from there. He’s smartly dressed and good-looking, with graying hair. (Coelho 46)

Based on the quotation above, Coelho describes Igor physically from his fashion style. In other side, Igor is intelligent man. He can get of best of bilingual language although he is Russian man. It can be seen from quotation below:

This handsome, well-dressed man, speaking fluent French, doesn’t seem like a madman at all. (Coelho 15)

From the quotation above, it shows that Igor is the intelligent man. He can proof his language skill, especially French language whereas he is origin of Russian.

The writer conclude, from Igor Physical description there are the handsome man in forty years old, the smartly dressed and good-looking, graying hair, and wear the dark glasses as his identity.

The other way to know the characterization is from the psychological. From the psychological appear, Igor is a obstinate person, hardworking man, pocket

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pride, kind man. In the story, Igor has some obsessed to his ex-wife Ewa in order to get her back. He believes that killing is acceptable if it will be do for a good reason. It can be seen from conversation below:

“I don’t really know. Perhaps because I’ve been abandoned once too often. Perhaps because I need to prove to myself just what I’m capable of. Perhaps because I lied, and there is only one woman for me.

I have a plan.” “What plan?”

“I told you before. I’m going to keep destroying worlds until she realizes how important she is to me and that I’m prepared to run any risk in order to get her back.” (Coelho 21)

Based on the quotation above, it shows that Igor is very obstinate person, do the false step to get back his ex-wife. The reason of his obsession is he believe that his ex-wife still love to him, but she is not brave to soulful to Igor. It refers from conversation below:

Olivia plucks up the courage to ask: “What did you lose?”

“The truth is I didn’t lose anything. Life sometimes separates people so that they can realize how much they mean to each other. For example, last night, I saw my wife with another man. I know she wants to come back to me, that she still loves me, but she’s not brave enough to take the first step”. (Coelho 16).

Beside, Igor also express that his love to Ewa deeply. Even when his ex-wife leaves him and be married with Hamid, Igor blaming on himself. In fact, he prepared to do anything, even to send messages that will mean he has destroyed someone’s world, just so that she will know that not only is he willing to receive her back, he will gladly bury the past and ask no question. In addition, Igor

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inclined possessive to Ewa. His love toward his ex-wife have the impact that he was not accepted the fact if they was divorce, and Hamid as Ewa’s husband.

Igor is a kind man in the past, it is the best thing that make Ewa falling in love with him. Ewa call him ‘the angel’ because of his kind with the others. It can be seen as follow:

Igor had taught her everything. He was a great role model, an example to be followed. And just as everything was going so well and her life had taken on new meaning, the Angel of Light that had lit her path began to waver (Coelho 48).

Many years before, she had fallen in love with an angel with a sad childhood, who had been called up into the Soviet army to fight in an absurd war in Afghanistan only to return to a country verging on collapse.

Based on quotation above, shows that Igor was ever strike the difficult time which are make the Igor’s be forceful personality. Until he get the success as a president of a telephone company and the successful owner in Russia. Now, Igor can get many outcome in every day, although he is unpretentious man, just wearing simple jacket handmade by a tailor who has small shop beside his office, sign major contracts with a cheap ballpoint pen, and which carry no label at all. He can do as he likes and does not have to prove to anyone that he is rich. Moreover, Igor had antisocial with life style of high class because millionaires and people who think they are millionaires everyone behaves as if they were terribly important.

Igor is hardworking man who consistent, to get the success he was start from basic and brave to take some risk. In the past he is soldier veteran which

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ever send to run a war in Afghanistan, it is make Igor strongest, intimate with armistice, and self-defense knowledge.

3.1.2 The Character and Characterization of Gabriela

The other character is Gabriela. She is includes the major character, because she appears almost in every scene in the story. Besides, she also include round character, because she as the developed character usually prone to change. She has some characterizations as follow:

Gabriela is an American actress twenty-five years old, but she looks younger than age, beautiful and smart. Which is she just disposed to be breasts, buttocks, thighs, ideal body. It refers from the quotation below:

“...because she’s twenty-five already and

nearly too old for the dream factory”. (Coelho 26)

“...Because of those three things, and because she knows that all the other women she’s competing with try to emphasize their attributes, she pays attention only to item (c) on her list. She exercises and tries to keep fit, avoids diets, and, illogical though it may seem, dresses very discreetly. This has worked well so far, and she can usually pass for younger than her age.” (Coelho 27)

Based on the quotation above, it show that Gabriela have good physical, beautiful because she look younger than her age, and perfect body. In other side, she was the prettiest and most intelligent student in her past school. It can be seen from the quotation below:

“....Gabriela, though, had never before lost a battle; she was the prettiest and most intelligent student in school and always got the best marks in class; and she knew intuitively that if she didn’t fight back at once, she would be lost”. (Coelho 29)

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From the quotation above, show that Gabriela is intelligent student, it can be corroboration with the effort to clutches her ambition become actress. She is student Illinois Institute of Technology, study of chemical engineering. Beside, Gabriela join with drama course. It refers to quotation below:

Her mother wanted her to study chemical engineering, and as soon as she finished high school, her parents sent her to the Illinois Institute of Technology. During the day, she studied protein paths and the structure of benzene, but she spent her evenings with Ibsen, Coward, and Shakespeare while attending a drama course paid for with money sent to her by her parents to buy clothes and course books. She trained with the best professionals and had excellent teachers. (Coelho 30)

From the quotation above, Coelho describes Gabriela Physically from her perfect body, her face younger than her age and the intelligent student. It is all the reason of Gabriela have ambition become actress.

The other way to know the characterization is from psychological. From the psychological appear, Gabriela is the ambitious person. In the story, Gabriela’s ambition can be seen from her action about the effort to get her dream become actress, she want is fame, glory, and glamour.

And why does she want that chance?

Quite simple. Because she knows she’s the best, despite her

experience at school — when she so disappointed her parents — and despite the challenges she’s faced since in order to prove to herself that she can overcome difficulties, frustrations, and defeats. She was born to win and to shine, of that she has no doubt. (Coelho 25) From the quotation above, explain that Gabriela’s ambition start from her failure, when she playing the part of drama “Alice in Wonderland” in her junior high school in Chicago. When she was eleven years old. It refers to the quotation below:

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She thinks back to when she was eleven years old and performing in her first school play at one of the most expensive schools in Chicago. Her subsequent desire to succeed was not born of the unanimous acclaim she received from the audience, composed of fathers, mothers, relatives, and teachers. Far from it. She was playing the Mad Hatter in Alice in Wonderland. She had got the part—one of the best roles in the play—after auditioning along with a lot of other girls and boys.

Her first line was: “Your hair wants cutting.” Then Alice would reply: “You should learn not to make personal remarks, it’s very rude.”

When the long-awaited moment came, a moment she had rehearsed and rehearsed, she was so nervous that she got the line wrong and said instead: “Your hair wants washing.” The girl playing Alice said her next line anyway, and the audience would never have noticed anything was wrong if Gabriela, who knew she had made a mistake, hadn’t promptly lost the power of speech. Since the Mad Hatter was an essential character if the scene was to continue, and since children are not good at improvising on stage (although they improvise happily enough in real life), no one knew what to do. Then, after several long minutes, during which the actors simply looked at each other, the teacher started applauding, announced it was time for an interval, and ordered everyone offstage. (Coelho 28)

Based on the quotation above, it shows that the first failure of Gabriela, she is not only left the stage, she left the school in tears, her friends ganged up on Gabriela and started beating her. Besides, she feels disappointing her mother, her family, and her teacher. From the incident, Gabriela has some willpower and optimist to be an actress.

“....her schoolmates expected her to scream and shout, and, when she didn’t, rapidly lost interest. For with each blow, Gabriela was

thinking:

“I’ll be a great actress one day and then you’ll be sorry.” (Coelho 29). From the quotation above, it shows that some people opt for revenge and try to be really good at whatever it is the others thought they could not do. Some willpower of Gabriela to shows that she can do it better than before, and one day you will envy to me.

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3.1.3 The Character and Characterization of Hamid

Hamid character is includes the major and development character. He is Ewa’s husband, he appears in almost every scene of the story. In other side, he also as round character that often changes his characterization, in the early story. He is a successful designer in half-life and interesting performance, with silver haired. It can be seen as follow:

Her elegant, silver-haired companion went over to the bar and ordered champagne, a necessary aperitif for a night that promised new

contacts, good music, and a fine view of the beach and the yachts moored in the harbor. (Coelho 3)

From the quotation above, it shows physical of Hamid. In additionally, He is lusty man and talented. In the past, Hamid is a brave man to take the decision to get his carrier and hard-worker. The basic of knowledge from his father as a seller of cloth, and he learn about haute-couture. From all of about his talent and drudge work, he getting the top of carrier and achieve the success. It is influenced to Hamid life style, became superclass. It can be seen the quotation below:

He can see the huge white car, a Maybach, the most expensive and most sophisticated car in the world. Even more exclusive than Rolls-Royce. Soon they’ll be sitting inside, listening to some relaxing music, and drinking iced champagne or mineral water. (Coelho 80)

He consults his platinum watch, which is a certified copy of one of the first models produced in a small workshop in the town of

Schaffhausen. (Coelho 80)

From these quotation that Hamid’s wealth shows by her Maybach car and the thing that he used, it is expensive and luxurious. He kept up appearance, outstanding performance shows from her accessories and jewelry that he used. Jewelry is form a part of identity of wealth, luxurious and a credit to high class

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society. Platinum watch is one of jewelry to use for man and the luxurious watch in International Watch Company at Schaffhausen, Switzerland.

The exclusive life and as a fashion designer it was make Hamid as a famous people, included when he meet with Ewa. The presence of Ewa can change of his life, Hamid falling in love.

Hamid never really knows what’s going on his wife’s head, but the love toward his wife it is more. Besides, he is successful fashion designer, who started off to change the system by showcasing his native country’s culture through his designs, but later fell in the trap of the same system. It refers to the quotation below:

Hamid Hussein, one of the most famous designers on the planet, the public face of a gigantic international conglomerate selling luxury and glamour. The man who had battled against everything and everyone, who had challenged all the West’s preconceived ideas about people from the Middle East and their religion, the man who had used the ancestral knowledge of his tribe to survive, learn, and reach the top. (Coelho 81).

Those sentences show that Hamid is rich people, international

conglomerate, the couturier who was dazzling the fashion world and he a man who increasingly had the world at his feet. The man who is sell luxury and glamour.

Psychologically Hamid is a loving person, loving is one of characteristic that human has. Hamid is a loving person in this story, he is a loving his wife and his ex-father. His love to Ewa so deeply, against which is his work. His love is stronger and more intense than ever. It can be seen from quotation below:

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other than his work, although the list of his conquests includes an enviable series of relationships with some even more enviable women. The moment Ewa appeared on the scene, though, he was a different man. They have been together for two years and his love is stronger and more intense than ever. In love. (Coelho 81)

Beside, Hamid want to introduce his wife to interest people, spend the rest time in French with his love, Ewa. Hamid will do the best to make sure Ewa enjoys the week at the Cannes festival. It refers to the quotation below:

Apart from that, he wants to spend the rest of his time in France trying to enjoy Ewa’s company to the full, introducing her to interesting people, strolling on the beach, lunching together in some small restaurant in a nearby town, or walking along, hand-in-hand, through the vineyards he can see on the horizon. (Coelho 82)

This means that Hamid is a loving person. Beside, Hamid is an honest and hard working man, loving his father who had die. He always remember about his father says, he follow advice of his father and give shape to his father dream. He was not from a rich family, his father just a seller of cloth. It refers to the quotation below:

.... His father had been a seller of cloth who, one day, had found favor with a sheikh simply because he refused to do as he was told. (Coelho 80)

From his effort, he started the corporate world from bottom. It shows that Hamid is hard working man, with the result that he becomes the successful fashion designer.

3.1.4 The Character and Characterization of Jasmine

The next character is Jasmine. She is also included the main character in the story, because she appears almost in every scene. Besides, she included the round character, because she just as a model of Hamid’s fashion. Form the physical

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appears, Jasmine is extraordinarily beautiful, sixteen years old. In fact, Jasmine is a black skin, foster child of Anna Dieter and she was born in Antwerp at Belgian city. It refers to quotation below:

Jasmine’s real name is Cristina. Her CV says she was discovered by Anna Dieter on a trip to Kenya, but there was little detail about this, leaving in the air the possibility of a childhood spent suffering and starving, caught up in the middle of a civil war. In fact, despite her black skin, she was born in the very traditional Belgian city of Antwerp, the daughter of parents fleeing the eternal conflicts between Hutus and Tutsis in Rwanda. (Coelho 101)

“Don’t say anything. We’re immigrants, they’re Belgians. We’re black, they’re white. When they come out of prison, they’ll track you down.” (Coelho 104)

The quotation above, shows that Jasmine is black skin, descendent of Belgian, and she is immigrant. It was she helping out her mother on one of the latter’s endless cleaning job, a man come and introduced himself that he is a photographer. Then, she still did not believe it when the same thing happened again. Once time when she just gone into an ice cream parlor when an old woman remarked on her beauty and said that she was a fashion photographer. Cristina (Jasmine) thanked her, took her card and promised to contact her even though she had no intention of doing so and even though becoming a model was the dream of every girl her age.

3.1.4 The Character and Characterization of Savoy

The last character is Savoy, he include the round character. He is mascular policemen, he always took great care of his physical appearance, smart and ambisious man. It can be seen as follow:

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Savoy had been sure he could be a useful member of society. Having read a great deal of detective fiction, he imagined that once the baddies were all behind bars, the goodies would be able to enjoy their place in the sun forever. He went to police college where he studied assiduously, received excellent marks for his theory exams, prepared himself physically for dangerous situations, and trained as a

sharpshooter, although he hoped never to have to kill anyone.

From his past experiences, he has aspire to be police. The man has dream become an famous detective. He start by choosing his profession as politician whose initial impulse always steems from a desire to help their local community.

3.2 The Struggle Process of Five Characters to Achieve the Target. 3.2.1 Igor’s Struggle

he exposition this story begins Igor’s obsession to get back her ex-wife love. There is a problem had happened to Igor psychology. It can be seen in second scene in the novel.

He has another task to fulfill here: he must find someone he can sacrifice in the name of love. He needs a victim, so that Ewa will get his message that very morning.

Igor’s obsession takes him to go to Cannes Film Festival. Ewa and her

new husband, Hamid. They are defined to come in that event, because they are

very famous and have influence in International Fashion. Igor also has prepared

some tools which would be used to kill some people as message and a sacrifice to

get Ewa back.

The Beretta Px4 compact pistol is slightly larger than a mobile phone, weighs around seven hundred grams, and can fire ten shots. It is small, light, invisible when carried in a pocket, and its small caliber has one enormous advantage: instead of passing through the victim’s body, the bullet hits bones and smashes everything in its path. (Coelho 3)

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hunting with darts, can also be found in European hospitals because, under controlled conditions, it can be used to paralyze certain muscles, thus facilitating the surgeon’s work. A fatal dose—like that on the point of the needle he had shot into Javits’s back—could kill a bird in just two minutes. Boar, on the other hand, take fifteen minutes to die, and large mammals—a man, for example—twenty. (Coelho 111) In Cannes, Igor sees Ewa with Hamid unintentionally in hotel Martinez. It makes Igor become having great ambition to get Ewa back. Igor determined to search the way to get Ewa back. He kills some people to show his existence in Cannes. The first victim of murder is Olivia. It refers to the quotation below:

Igor’s right thumb is pressing down on Olivia’s jugular vein, and the blood stops flowing to her brain. Meanwhile, his other hand is pressing on a particular point near her armpit, causing the muscles to seize up. There are no contractions, it’s merely a question of waiting two minutes. (Coelho 22)

The second victim of murder is Javits.

Igor moved closer to Javits, took the straw from the glass, and blew through it, projecting the needle inside in the direction of his victim. He stayed only long enough to see Javits put his hand to his back. Then he left and went straight back to the hotel to try and get some sleep.

When Ewa was her wife, she ever asked what would Igor did if Ewa left

him. Igor said that their love is too perfect to be separated. Igor also said if it was

happen, he could destroyed the world to get Ewa back, in order to make the world

was better.

For the conflict of this story is when Igor’s message was not noticed by

Ewa, then he realized that choose the wrong victim. Igor kill Olivia, she is an

American street merchant who has hard life. The, Igor sends a short message to

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He takes a few steps and his head begins to ache terribly. This

is perfectly normal: the blood is flooding the brain, an understandable reaction in someone who has just been under extreme tension. Despite the headache, he feels happy. Yes, he has done what he set out to do. (Coelho 23)

Based on quotation above, it show that he would destroy whole worlds to

get her back. Then he picks up the throwaway mobile phone he has just brought

and on which he has entered the smallest possible amount of credit. He sends a

short message. But when Ewa ignores his message, Igor knows that he chooses

wrong victim. He regrets the dead of Olivia, but he feels excited again when

remember his plan to get Ewa back. His excitement makes he does more

dangerous things. He determined to kill in a lunch event. Javits is the next victim.

It can be seen as follow:

Igor placed the needle inside the straw, and pretended to put it back in his drink.

A group of pretty girls standing near Javits’s table appeared to be listening, entranced, to the extraordinary tales told by a Jamaican man. In fact, each girl was plotting how to get rid of her rivals and carry the man off to bed because Jamaicans have such a reputation as studs.

Igor moved closer to Javits, took the straw from the glass, and blew through it, projecting the needle inside in the direction of his victim. He stayed only long enough to see Javits put his hand to his back. Then he left and went straight back to the hotel to try and get some sleep. (Coelho 111)

From the quotation above, it shows that Igor kills the second victim with

traditional technique, it is curare. Curare is one of original of technique used by

south American Indian for hunting with darts, can also be found in European

hospitals because under controlled conditions, it can be used to paralyze certain

muscles thus facilitating the sugeon’s work. A fatal dose like that on the point of

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Boar, on the other hand, take fifteen minutes to die and large mammals a man, for

example twenty. As soon as it gets into the bloodstream, the nervous fibers of the

body relax, then stop functioning altogether, causing gradual asphyxia*. The

strangest thing or worst some might say is the victim remains conscious

throughout, but cannot move in order to ask for help nor stop the slow process of

paralysis over taking his body. The reason of why Igor chooses Javits as a next

victim, he is attracted with Javits, because Javits’s popularity as famous Film

distributor. Finally, he kills Javits and has a hunch that the death of Javits can get

attention from media until Ewa Understand of Igor’s mean.

Conflict continues, when two murder cases which are done by Igor makes

him panic and dreaming about Olivia. Igor’s dream, Olivia as an angel and give

suggestion to continue his mission. The appearances of Olivia make Igor nervous

and take a decision to confess to police. However, the police not believe that he

does it, instead the police regard as a confuse man. Police’s action makes Igor

feels his goal to get Ewa back become bigger. After those, Igor choose the next

victim, is Mauren. It refers to the quotation bellow:

What is she doing in this isolated spot with a complete stranger talking about such a macabre subject? Just then, she feels a kind of electric shock that leaves her paralyzed. His hand has driven the blade inside her body. She feels at first as if she were suffocating and tries to breathe, but then immediately loses consciousness.

Igor puts his arms around her, as he had with his first victim. This time, though, he positions her body so that she remains sitting. He then puts on some gloves and makes her head drop forward onto her chest.

If anyone ventures into that corner of the beach, all they will see is a woman sleeping, exhausted perhaps from chasing after producers and distributors at the Festival. (Coelho 172)

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Igor continues his action to kill Maureen, a woman who tries to flirting to

him. Igor regard as Maureen want to ruin the plan, because she is complicity in

the process of Javits’s killed. Maureen’s presence makes Igor feels nervous. That

makes Igor kills Maureen.

For the climax in this story is when Igor contemplated the three victims, Olivia, Javits, and Maureen. He thinks that if Ewa deserves his sacrifice. Igor wants to know Ewa reaction when he sends a short message to her that he was destroy the world. However, Ewa not responds about it. All of the Igor efforts make to brood over his past with Ewa.

The memories of Igor with Ewa in the past make a conflict. It is the reason of Igor getting confuse and agonized. It is make Igor dreaming about her all of his effort. And he feels worried about his effort, what the right a way or the wrong a way to do. It refers to the quotation bellow when his inward worried about it:

In his case , the Evi l One is trying to use forgiveness as a way

to trouble his soul. He says: “You’re not the only person to have been through this. Lots of people have been abandoned by the person they most loved, and yet managed to turn bitterness into happiness. Imagine the families of the people whom you have caused to depart this life; they’ll be filled with rancor and hatred and a desire for revenge. Is that how you intend to improve the world? Is that what you want to give to the woman you love?” (Coelho 196)

Igor always thinks of Olivia and the emergence of devil. Then the devil whisper about that the Igor’s effort must be stopped, but in other hand Olivia corroborate to him to continue the effort and do not worry about the risk of the kill. Finally, Igor aware that Olivia’s suggestion is wrong and his goal to get back Ewa is failed.

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The falling action of this story when Igor go to Hotel du Cap to meet up with Ewa and close the disorder that he makes. Although, the goal of Igor was changes, he does not to get back his ex-wife, but he want to absolve of Ewa from the crucial life. The presences of Igor in Film Cannes Festival are to meet them, Ewa and Hamid. They meet to talk each other, but the condition is scare and made mischief. Ewa regard of Igor as such as the strike man. It is make Igor feels ignored, finally he shoot out of the Baretta at Ewa and Hamid. The rising action when Igor shoot out Ewa and Hamid, it is the final. It refers to the quotation bellow:

Ewa’s eyes remain open, but her body grows limp and falls to the sand. He leaves both bodies there, goes over to the rocks, carefully wipes any fingerprints from the gun, and throws it into the sea, as far as possible from the place where they had been sitting contemplating the moon. He goes back up the steps, finds a litter bin on the way, and drops the silencer in. He hadn’t really needed it; the music had reached a crescendo at just the right moment. (Coelho 335)

Igor pushes the body to the ground and puts a bullet through the back of Hamid’s neck, until he die. Then, the barrel of the gun was pressed against her body. The bullet entered at precisely the right place, and her heart immediately stopped beating, until Ewa die. The Igor’s comings to Hotel du Cap make his effort end. The thought of Ewa does not weigh on him as much as it used to. He does not love her as he once did, and he does not hate her as he came to hate her. with time, she will diseppear completely from his life, which is a shame because he is unlikely to find another woman like he, for all her defects. If Ewa listen to Igor and follow his command, he was not kills Hamid.

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Igor thinks that finally he feels satisfied when Ewa die, because she can get her happiness and freed from her life. Then Igor back to Moscow. It refers to the quotation bellow:

His company jet already has the engines running. Igor sits in his favor ite seat—second row on the left—and waits for takeoff. As soon as the seat-belt sign is turned off, he goes to the bar, serves himself a

generous measure of vodka, and drinks it down in one. (Coelho 342)

The thought of Ewa doesn’t weigh on him as much as it used to. He doesn’t love

her as he once did, and he doesn’t hate her as he came to hate her. With time, she

will disappear completely from his life, which is a shame because he’s unlikely to

find another woman like her, for all her defects.

3.3.2 Gabriela’s Struggle

Gabriela, an aspiring actress, reaches Cannes in the hope that all her life’s hard work will be rewarded and is convinced that being a celebrity is the ultimate achievement and fame is the supreme reward. The fame, the glory and the

glamour. According to Gabriela most of people who have achieved stardom on the stage and contrary to her expectations, they are not at peace with themselves, they are insecure and full of doubts. But, most of women want of fame, glory and glamour.

The beginning of Gabriela’s ambition is when she was eleven years old and performing in her first school play at one of the most expensive schools in Chicago. Gabriela play as Alice in Alice in Wonderland, but in the last scene of the role play she say the wrong dialogue. It is make all of her friends started beating her. After this case, Gabriela have some ambition became the great

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actress. The years passed, Gabriela made TV commercials, toothpaste ads, did some modeling work. Until she is had an audition in Cannes, the first step is when she get the opportunity to meet Mr. Gibson. She was feels worried and be afraid if she can’t became the great actress, but she unmindful of her feels and be optimist. It can be seen as follow:

“That’s great, but we know all that from your CV. Why don’t you talk about you?”

Some inner barrier suddenly crumbles. Instead of panicking, her voice grows calmer and steadier.

“I’m just one of millions of people in the world who have always dreamed of being on a yacht like this, looking at the sea, and talking about the possibility of working with at least one of you gentlemen. And you both know that. I doubt there’s anything else I might say that will change anything very much. Am I single? Yes. But as is the case with all single women, there’s a man back home who’s madly in love with me and is waiting for me in Chicago right now, hoping that things here will all go horribly wrong.”

Both men laugh, and she relaxes a little more.

“I want to get as far as I can, although I know I’m almost at the limit of what’s possible, given that in the world of movies, my age is already against me. I know there are lots of people out there with as much or more talent than me, but I was chosen—why I don’t know— and I’ve decided to run with it. This might be my last chance, and perhaps the fact that I’m saying this now will decrease my value, but I have no choice. All my life, I’ve imagined a moment like this: doing an audition, getting chosen, and being able to work with real

professionals. It’s finally happened. If it goes no further than this meeting and I return home empty-handed, at least I know I got here because of two qualities: integrity and perseverance.

“I’m my own best friend and my own worst enemy. Before coming here, I was thinking that I didn’t deserve it, that I wouldn’t be able to meet your expectations, and that you had probably chosen the wrong candidate. At the same time, my heart was telling me that I was being rewarded because I hadn’t given up and had fought to the end.”

From the conversation above, it shows that Gabriela is the optimist the one who has persevered in order to reach stardom. All of the efforts bring out her to Film Cannes Festival. Then Gabriela use the gown by Hamid Husain design and

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walk in red carpeted steps to the Palais and along ultimate corridor of fame, the place celebrities in the world of cinema, the arts, and the high life are

photographed and then the photos distributed by news agencies to the four corners of the world to be published in magazines from west to east and form north to south. Gabriela is American celebrity. It refers to the quotation below:

“I love it when it’s really icy!” she says.

Her happiness infects him a little too. Apparently, she’s just signed a contract to appear in a film, although she knows neither the title of the film nor what role she’ll be playing, but she will, in her words, be “the leading lady.” The director is known for his ability to choose good actors and good scripts, and the leading actor, whom Igor knows and admires, certainly merits respect. When she mentions the name of the producer, he merely nods knowledgably, as if to say, “Yes, of course, I know who he is,” aware that she’ll interpret the nod as meaning: “I’ve no idea who he is, but I don’t want to appear

ignorant.” She babbles on about rooms full of gifts, the red carpet, her meeting on the yacht, the rigorous selection process she went through, future projects.

The quotation above shows that Gabriela was signed a contract to eppear in a film. She feels this victory in silence, although she is grown-up enough to know that she still has a very long way to go. When she has reached the top of the careers, there are no more challenges. But the other side when she became the winner, she has taken a big step in her life and terrified that the dream might end. Gabriela is getting the fame.

3.3.3 Hamid’s Struggle

Hamid is a successful fashion designer, who started off to change the system by showcasing his native country’s culture through his designs, but later fell in the trap of the same system. The beginning of Hamid’s succession is from the basic steps. He was not from a rich family, his father had been a seller of cloth

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who one day had found favor with sheikh simply because he refused to do as he was told. His father ask to sheikh that to give some opportunity to his child (Hamid) to learn about haute-couture. It can be seen as follow:

“. . . so tell me, what do you want to do?” asked the sheikh. “I want to study haute couture.”

The other people present looked at each other. They might not even have known what he meant.

“My father sells much of the cloth he buys to foreigners, who then turn his cloth into designer clothes and earn a hundred times more from it than he does. I’m sure we could do the same here. I’m convinced that fashion could be one way of breaking down the prejudices the rest of the world has about us. If they could be made to see that we don’t dress like barbarians, they would find it easier to accept us.”

This time, he heard murmurings in the court. Was he talking about clothes? That was something for Westerners, who were more

concerned with how people looked on the outside than with what they were like inside.

“On the other hand, the price my father is paying is very high. I would prefer to keep our house. I will work with the cloth he has, and if Merciful God so desires it, I will realize my dream. I, like Your Majesty, know what I want.

court listened in amazement to hear this boy not only challenging their region’s great leader, but refusing to accept his own father’s wishes. The sheikh, however, smiled. (Coelho 83-84)

Hamid learn haute-couture in French. He had been in Paris for eleven months, made a few friends in the fashion world. knocked on various doors and,thanks to contacts furnished by the sheikh who may have known no one in that particular world, but had influential friends in high places, had landed a job as a designer for one of the most respected names in haute-couture. Afterwards, his father had died and left him the small family business. Someday, Hamid was called in to see the director, the first time he had entered that inner sanctum, the great couturier’s antique desk. It refers to the conversation below:

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leave around for all to see. I’d be careful about doing that if I were you.You never know when someone might change jobs and steal any good ideas they picked up here.” (Coelho133)

From the conversation above, show that the director says that Hamid has natural born of fashion. Then the following day, Hamid met a group of investors from various other countries. They placed at his disposal an enormous sum of money and gave him a deadline by which it had to be repaid. Then Hamid be determined to open his own business.

The couturier looked him up and down.

“The world always was and always will be complicated.”

“I don’t think so, and if I ever leave the company I’m working for now, it will be to open my own business, which will go against all these beliefs.” (Coelho 143)

From the conversation above, shows that Hamid desirability to open his business. Six month later, everything was ready for his great adventure. He

resigned from his job, opened his first shop in St-Germain-des-Près, and started to fight as best he could. He lost many battles, but realized one thing: he could not bow to the tyranny of the companies who dictated the fashion trends. He had to be original, and he succeeded because he brought with him the simplicity of the Bedouin, a knowledge of the desert, everything he had learned at the company where he had worked for over a year, as well as the advice of certain financial experts, together with textiles that were completely new and original.

Hamid was now the master of an empire. The Moment of Minor Glory is some events which the singled out as special people, and Cannes is just Film Festival. He had clearly allowed himself to be carried away by vanity instead of listening to the advice. He starting to lose touch with himself, the world of luxury

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and glamour is beginning to poison him, something he had always believed would

never happen. Hamid getting and defend the glory.

3.3.4 Jasmine’s Struggle

Jasmine, a successful model from Africa, she is another character that Coelho develops and who is the only one grounded in reality. She is not

captivated by the shallow world of glamour and sticks to her values. The begun of Jasmine carrier from the basic step. Jasmine just the foster child from Anna, her childhood spent suffering and starving. Someday, Jasmine meets with the famous photograph when she helping out her mother on one of the latter’s endless

cleaning jobs. It can be seen as follow:

Given that things never happen only twice, three months later, she was looking in the window of a shop selling extremely expensive clothes, when the owner of the shop came out to speak to her.

“What do you do for a living?”

“You should really be asking me what will I be doing. I’m going to study to be a vet.”

“Well, you’re on the wrong path. Wouldn’t you like to work with us?”

“I haven’t got time to sell clothes. Whenever I can, I help my mother.”

“I’m not suggesting you sell anything. I’d like you to do a few photo shoots wearing our designs.” (Coelho 102)

From the quotation above shows that the first steps of Jasmine’s carrier

start from the offer of photograph. Jasmine have some dream, she wish the loved

by her family and fulfilled by her career. Then she went back home and told her

mother what she had decided to do. She didn’t ask her advice or try to convince, she simply said that she wanted to leave Antwerp for good, and that her one chance was to get work as a model. When she was as a model, she changes her

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name Jasmine Tiger. She must practice to be a great model from the manner of catwalk, smile and keeping the posture when she walks.

The Jasmine’s victory start from the Hamid’s attractive, when her photograph and her own designer recommended to Hamid, he is the successful designer who he can bring up Jasmine carrier to be great. Then Film Festival Cannes is the first big events which bring up her name and getting wind. Jasmine get the glamour world.

3.3.5 Savoy’s Struggle

Savoy is ambitious criminal detective and hoping to resolve the case of his life. His adolescent dream of improving the world, contributing to creating a safer, fairer society, getting promoted, landing a job at the Ministry of Justice, giving his wife and children a more comfortable life, helping to change the public perception of the law, and showing that there arestill some honest policemen, all came down to the same thing is more paperwork.

Start from the Savoy’s dream, he hope to resolve the great case in the world. In usually, he just handle the small case like a fly-tipping, domestic disputes, holiday apartments being burgled and those two murders a years. After having dreams about the famous police, finally Savoy got the big case. At the moment, he faces the great problem in Cannes. Three murders, only a matter of hours, he say that are serial killer. Savoy is beginning to feel excited. He can finally leave all that paperwork to be completed by an underling and devote himself to what he’s always dreamed of doing: solving murders that defy all logic. He wants fame and celebrity.

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He hopes he’s right and that there really is a serial killer in town terrorizing the population. Given the speed with which news spreads these days, he’ll soon be in the spotlight explaining that “nothing has yet been proved,” but in such a way that no one quite believes him, thus ensuring that the spotlight will stay on him until the criminal is found. For all its glamour, Cannes is really just a small provincial town, where everyone knows everything that’s going on, so it shouldn’t be that hard to find the murderer.

Is he just thinking about himself rather than about the well-being of Cannes’ citizens? Then again, what’s wrong with seeking a little glory, when every year for years now, he’s been forced to put up with twelve days of people trying to look far more important than they really are? It’s infectious. After all, who doesn’t want to gain public recognition for their work, whether they’re policemen or film directors? (Coelho 221)

It is shows that Savoy wants to gain public recognition for their work, spotlight and interview with the reporter. Then, he organize to call a press conferences and give a full account, just about the film distributor, Javits. He thinks that this case can reach his high carrier.

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CHAPTER IV CONCLUSION

This chapter discusses about a conclusion of this research. This thesis uses a New Criticism as main theory and use struggle approach to analyze how the process of four characters to achieve their target. In this research, there are three main topics. First, the writer analyses five characters and characteristics as round character which are described in the novel The Winner Stands Alone using New Criticism theory. Second, the writer analyses the plot in the novel. And the last analyses, the writer explain about the struggle of five characters to achieve their target.

The characters studied in this novel shows the following characteristics. First, the writer concludes that the four characters are round character, because they have several characteristics. Igor Malev is the central character and the very subject of this book. He is handsome, rich, and effortlessly personable - but she left him for a successful fashion designer, a sting he is never recovered from. Igor Malev has one thing on his mind - his ex-wife Ewa. Hamid is a successful fashion designer, who started off to change the system by showcasing his native country’s culture through his designs, but later fell in the trap of the same system. Gabriela, an aspiring actress, reaches Cannes in the hope that all her life’s hard work will be rewarded and is convinced that being a celebrity is the ultimate achievement and fame is the supreme reward. Jasmine, a successful model from Africa, is another character that Coelho develops and who is the only one grounded in reality. She is not captivated by the shallow world of glamour and sticks to her values.

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The study of plot is purposed to getdescription how those five characters above struggle for their goals. By analyzing the stages of plot, it can be identified the struggle of the character studied. The finding shows Igor achieves his goals by

The finding shows Igor achieves his target by murder random people to shows to his ex-wife. Then Gabriela achieves her target by the ambitious Start from join with drama course, and follow main actress audition. Then Hamid achieves his target by hard worker and develop his fashion design.Then Jasmine achieves her target start from beneath. And then Savoy achieve his target by resolving the big case of his life.

The last, the writer concludes that the glamorous Cannes International Film Festival where they'll be appearing. The Cannes Film Festival as the backdrop, Paulo Coelho attempts to bust a lot of myths of celebrity lifestyle, its shallowness and superficiality. The story is also about a man who acts and pursues the dark side of his soul, something all of us possess. Igor was winning calm of love of Ewa, then Hamid is successful designer, Gabriela is American actress and Jasmine is success model and Savoy is great detective.

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