Pemanfaatan Adsorben Dari Biji Asam Jawa (Tamarindus Indica) Untuk Menurunkan Kandungan Asam Lemak Bebas Dan Bilangan Peroksida Pada Cpo (Crude Palm Oil)
DAFTAR PUSTAKA
[1]
Departemen Perindustrian, Roadmap Industri Pengolahan CPO , Direktorat
Jenderal Industri Agro Dan Kimia Departemen Perindustrian, 2009.
[2]
J. Erna, Produksi CPO AALI 2013 Tumbuh 4,2% , Diakses 15 Januari 2014,
dari SindoNews.
http://ekbis.sindonews.com/read/826700/32/produksi-cpo-aali-2013-tumbuh-4-2
[3]
C.W. Puah, Y. M. Choo, A. N. Ma, C. Chuah, “Deguming and Bleaching:
Effect on Selected Constituents of Palm Oil”, Journal of Oil Palm Research , Vol.,
16, No.2, 2004 : hal. 57 – 63.
[4]
S. H. Goh, Y. M. Choo, S. H. Ong, “Mineral Constituents of Palm Oils”, J.
Am. Oil Chem. Soc., Vol. 62, 1985 : hal. 237 – 240.
[5]
Noor Azian Morad, Mustafa Kamal Abd Aziz, Rohani binti Mohd Zin,
“Process Design in Degumming and Bleaching of Palm Oil”, Research, Centre of
Lipids Engineering and Applied Research (CLEAR), Universiti Teknologi
Malaysia, Vote No. 74198, 2006.
[6]
F. M. Ogwu, M. Odo, O. Osborne, “The Quality of Locally Processed Palm
Oil from Ebonyi and Enugu States”, Proceedings of the 26th Annual NIFST
Conference, 4th-8th (November 2012), hal. 47 – 48.
[7]
S. Lin, C. C. Akoh, A. E. Reynolds, “The Recovery of Used Frying Oil with
Various Adsorbent”, Journal Food Lipids, Vol. 5, 1998 : hal. 1 – 16.
[8]
Deny Sumarna, “Keuntungan Proses Wet Degumming Dibanding Dry
Degumming pada Pemurnian Minyak Sawit Kasar”, Jurnal Teknologi Pertanian,
2(1) 2007 : hal. 37 – 42.
61
Universitas Sumatera Utara
[9]
Wei Puah Chiew, Choo Yuen May, Ma Ah Ngan, Chuah Cheng Hock,
“Degumming and Bleaching: Effect on Selected Constituents of Palm Oil”,
Journal of Oil Palm Research, 16(2) 2004 : hal. 57 – 63.
[10] Fereidoon Shahidi, Bailey’s Industrial Oil and Fat Products, Sixth Edition,
Volome 2 Edible Oil and Fat Products : Edible Oils, (New Jersey : John Wiley &
Sons, Inc., 2005), hal. 372.
[11] Deny Sumarna, “Kajian Proses Degumming CPO (Crude Palm Oil) dengan
Menggunakan Membran Ultrafiltrasi”, Sekolah Pasca Sarjana, Institut Pertanian
Bogor, Bogor, 2006.
[12] O. Idoko, Bwai M. D, Emmanuel S. A, Thomas S. A, “Effect of Bleaching
and Degumming on The Physicochemical Properties and Antioxidant Activity of
Palm Oil”, Research Journal in Engineering and Applied Sciences , 2(5) 2013 :
hal. 343 – 345.
[13] D. Cowan, H. C. Holm, H. S. Yee, “Reduction in Free Fatty Acid in Crude
Palm Oil by Enzymatic Remediation”, Journal of Oil Palm Research, Vol. 24,
2012.
[14] Ramdani Ritonga, “Penentuan Bilangan Peroksida pada Minyak Inti Kelapa
Sawit (CPKO) di PT. Ecogreen Oleochemicals”, Karya Ilmiah, Universitas
Sumatera Utara, 2010.
[15] Audy D. Wuntu, Vanda S. Kamu., “Adsorpsi Aseton pada Arang Aktif Biji
Asam Jawa”, Jurnal Ilmiah Sains, 11(2) 2012 : hal. 174 – 177.
[16] Wai Lin Siew, Cheah Kien Yoo, “Adsorption Isotherms for Removal of
iron, Copper, Phosphorous and Oxidation Products from Crude Palm Oil Using
Natural and Acid-Activated Clays”, Journal of Oil Palm Research, Vol. 19, 2007
: hal. 356 – 363.
62
Universitas Sumatera Utara
[17] Bernard Enrico, ”Pemanfaatan Biji Asam Jawa (Tamarindus indica) sebagai
Koagulan Alternatif dalam Proses Penjernihan Limbah Cair Industri Tahu”, Tesis,
Sekolah Pascasarjana Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, 2008.
[18] Enggar Pawening, ”Pemanfaatan Arang Aktif dari Biji Buah Asam Jawa
(Tamarindus indica) sebagai Adsorben Logam Berat Kromium (III)”, Program
Studi Kimia Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, 2009
[19] Kumar, P. Senthil, R. Sivaranjanee, U. Vinothini, M. Raghavi, K. Rajasekar,
K. Ramakrishnan, “Adsorption of Dye onto Raw and Surface Modified Tamarind
Seeds: Isotherms, Process Design, Kinetics, and Mechanism”, Balaban
Desalination Publications, 1944-3994/1944-3986, 2013.
[20] Suresh Gupta, B. V. Babu, “Adsorption of Chromium (VI) by a Low-Cost
Adsorbent Prepared from Tamarind Seeds”, (Rajasthan: Chemical Engineering
Group, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, 2007).
[21] K. Munusamy, Rajesh S. Somani, Hari C. Bajaj, “Tamarind Seeds Carbon :
Preparation and Methane Uptake”, Bioresources Peer Reviewed Article. 6(1) 2011
: hal. 537 – 551.
[22] S. Shanti, T. Mahalakshmi, “Studies on the Removal of Malachite Green
and Methylene Blue Dyes from Aqueous Solutions of Their Binary Mixyure by
Adsorption Over Commercial Activated Carbon and Tamarind Kernel Powder”,
International Journal of Research in Pharmacy and Chemistry, ISSN: 2231-2781,
2(2) 2012 : hal. 289 – 298.
[23] Thomas Binitha Mancy, Meby Mary Matthew, Shaleesha A. Stanley.
“Comparative Analysis of Cost Effective Biosorbents in the Removal of
Chromium and Iron from Aqueous Solution”. Advanced Bio Tech Article. Vol. 12,
2013
63
Universitas Sumatera Utara
[24] R. Rajeshkannan, M. Rajasimman, N. Rajamohan, “Decolourization of
Malachite Green Using Tamarind Seed: Optimazation, Isotherm, and Kinetic
Studies”, Chemical Industry & Chemical Engineering Quarterly, 17(1) 2011 : hal.
67 – 79.
[25] R. Gayathri, M. Thirumarimurugan, T. Kannadasan, “Removal of
Chromium (VI) ions from Aqueous Solutionusing Tamarind Seeds as an
Adsorbent”, International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Chemical Sciences ,
2(2) 2013.
[26] Abdullah, Yudhistira Abdi Atmanegara, Radna Nurmasari, “Optimasi
Pemucatan CPO Menggunakan Arang Aktif dan Bentonit”, Jurnal Ilmu Dasar ,
11(2) 2010 : hal. 124 – 128.
[27] Siti Aisyah, Eny Yulianti, Ghanaim Fasya, “Penurunan Angka Peroksida
dan Asam Lemak Bebas (FFA) pada Proses Bleaching Minyak Goreng Bekas oleh
Karbon Aktif Polong Buah Kelor (Moringa Oliefera. Lamk) dengan Aktivasi
NaCl”, ALCHEMY, 1(2) 2010 : hal. 93 – 103.
[28] R. Wannahari, M. F. N. Nordin, “Reduction of Peroxide Value in Used
Palm Cooking Oil Using Bagasse Adsorbent”, American International Journal of
Contemporary Research, 2(1) 2012 : hal. 185 – 191.
[29] Widayat, Suherman, dan K. Haryani., “Optimasi Proses Adsorbsi Minyak
Goreng Bekas dengan Adsorbent Zeolit Alam: Studi Pengurangan Bilangan
Asam”, Jurnal Penelitian Teknik Kimia , 17(1) 2006.
[30] Ailen Tanjaya, Sudono, Nani Indraswati, Suryadi Ismadji, “Pembuatan
Bleaching Earth dari Bentonit Pacitan dengan Aktivasi Asam : Karakterisasi dan
Kemampuan Bleaching”, Jurnal Teknik Kimia Indonesia , 5(2) 2006 : hal. 429 –
434.
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71
Universitas Sumatera Utara
[1]
Departemen Perindustrian, Roadmap Industri Pengolahan CPO , Direktorat
Jenderal Industri Agro Dan Kimia Departemen Perindustrian, 2009.
[2]
J. Erna, Produksi CPO AALI 2013 Tumbuh 4,2% , Diakses 15 Januari 2014,
dari SindoNews.
http://ekbis.sindonews.com/read/826700/32/produksi-cpo-aali-2013-tumbuh-4-2
[3]
C.W. Puah, Y. M. Choo, A. N. Ma, C. Chuah, “Deguming and Bleaching:
Effect on Selected Constituents of Palm Oil”, Journal of Oil Palm Research , Vol.,
16, No.2, 2004 : hal. 57 – 63.
[4]
S. H. Goh, Y. M. Choo, S. H. Ong, “Mineral Constituents of Palm Oils”, J.
Am. Oil Chem. Soc., Vol. 62, 1985 : hal. 237 – 240.
[5]
Noor Azian Morad, Mustafa Kamal Abd Aziz, Rohani binti Mohd Zin,
“Process Design in Degumming and Bleaching of Palm Oil”, Research, Centre of
Lipids Engineering and Applied Research (CLEAR), Universiti Teknologi
Malaysia, Vote No. 74198, 2006.
[6]
F. M. Ogwu, M. Odo, O. Osborne, “The Quality of Locally Processed Palm
Oil from Ebonyi and Enugu States”, Proceedings of the 26th Annual NIFST
Conference, 4th-8th (November 2012), hal. 47 – 48.
[7]
S. Lin, C. C. Akoh, A. E. Reynolds, “The Recovery of Used Frying Oil with
Various Adsorbent”, Journal Food Lipids, Vol. 5, 1998 : hal. 1 – 16.
[8]
Deny Sumarna, “Keuntungan Proses Wet Degumming Dibanding Dry
Degumming pada Pemurnian Minyak Sawit Kasar”, Jurnal Teknologi Pertanian,
2(1) 2007 : hal. 37 – 42.
61
Universitas Sumatera Utara
[9]
Wei Puah Chiew, Choo Yuen May, Ma Ah Ngan, Chuah Cheng Hock,
“Degumming and Bleaching: Effect on Selected Constituents of Palm Oil”,
Journal of Oil Palm Research, 16(2) 2004 : hal. 57 – 63.
[10] Fereidoon Shahidi, Bailey’s Industrial Oil and Fat Products, Sixth Edition,
Volome 2 Edible Oil and Fat Products : Edible Oils, (New Jersey : John Wiley &
Sons, Inc., 2005), hal. 372.
[11] Deny Sumarna, “Kajian Proses Degumming CPO (Crude Palm Oil) dengan
Menggunakan Membran Ultrafiltrasi”, Sekolah Pasca Sarjana, Institut Pertanian
Bogor, Bogor, 2006.
[12] O. Idoko, Bwai M. D, Emmanuel S. A, Thomas S. A, “Effect of Bleaching
and Degumming on The Physicochemical Properties and Antioxidant Activity of
Palm Oil”, Research Journal in Engineering and Applied Sciences , 2(5) 2013 :
hal. 343 – 345.
[13] D. Cowan, H. C. Holm, H. S. Yee, “Reduction in Free Fatty Acid in Crude
Palm Oil by Enzymatic Remediation”, Journal of Oil Palm Research, Vol. 24,
2012.
[14] Ramdani Ritonga, “Penentuan Bilangan Peroksida pada Minyak Inti Kelapa
Sawit (CPKO) di PT. Ecogreen Oleochemicals”, Karya Ilmiah, Universitas
Sumatera Utara, 2010.
[15] Audy D. Wuntu, Vanda S. Kamu., “Adsorpsi Aseton pada Arang Aktif Biji
Asam Jawa”, Jurnal Ilmiah Sains, 11(2) 2012 : hal. 174 – 177.
[16] Wai Lin Siew, Cheah Kien Yoo, “Adsorption Isotherms for Removal of
iron, Copper, Phosphorous and Oxidation Products from Crude Palm Oil Using
Natural and Acid-Activated Clays”, Journal of Oil Palm Research, Vol. 19, 2007
: hal. 356 – 363.
62
Universitas Sumatera Utara
[17] Bernard Enrico, ”Pemanfaatan Biji Asam Jawa (Tamarindus indica) sebagai
Koagulan Alternatif dalam Proses Penjernihan Limbah Cair Industri Tahu”, Tesis,
Sekolah Pascasarjana Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, 2008.
[18] Enggar Pawening, ”Pemanfaatan Arang Aktif dari Biji Buah Asam Jawa
(Tamarindus indica) sebagai Adsorben Logam Berat Kromium (III)”, Program
Studi Kimia Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, 2009
[19] Kumar, P. Senthil, R. Sivaranjanee, U. Vinothini, M. Raghavi, K. Rajasekar,
K. Ramakrishnan, “Adsorption of Dye onto Raw and Surface Modified Tamarind
Seeds: Isotherms, Process Design, Kinetics, and Mechanism”, Balaban
Desalination Publications, 1944-3994/1944-3986, 2013.
[20] Suresh Gupta, B. V. Babu, “Adsorption of Chromium (VI) by a Low-Cost
Adsorbent Prepared from Tamarind Seeds”, (Rajasthan: Chemical Engineering
Group, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, 2007).
[21] K. Munusamy, Rajesh S. Somani, Hari C. Bajaj, “Tamarind Seeds Carbon :
Preparation and Methane Uptake”, Bioresources Peer Reviewed Article. 6(1) 2011
: hal. 537 – 551.
[22] S. Shanti, T. Mahalakshmi, “Studies on the Removal of Malachite Green
and Methylene Blue Dyes from Aqueous Solutions of Their Binary Mixyure by
Adsorption Over Commercial Activated Carbon and Tamarind Kernel Powder”,
International Journal of Research in Pharmacy and Chemistry, ISSN: 2231-2781,
2(2) 2012 : hal. 289 – 298.
[23] Thomas Binitha Mancy, Meby Mary Matthew, Shaleesha A. Stanley.
“Comparative Analysis of Cost Effective Biosorbents in the Removal of
Chromium and Iron from Aqueous Solution”. Advanced Bio Tech Article. Vol. 12,
2013
63
Universitas Sumatera Utara
[24] R. Rajeshkannan, M. Rajasimman, N. Rajamohan, “Decolourization of
Malachite Green Using Tamarind Seed: Optimazation, Isotherm, and Kinetic
Studies”, Chemical Industry & Chemical Engineering Quarterly, 17(1) 2011 : hal.
67 – 79.
[25] R. Gayathri, M. Thirumarimurugan, T. Kannadasan, “Removal of
Chromium (VI) ions from Aqueous Solutionusing Tamarind Seeds as an
Adsorbent”, International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Chemical Sciences ,
2(2) 2013.
[26] Abdullah, Yudhistira Abdi Atmanegara, Radna Nurmasari, “Optimasi
Pemucatan CPO Menggunakan Arang Aktif dan Bentonit”, Jurnal Ilmu Dasar ,
11(2) 2010 : hal. 124 – 128.
[27] Siti Aisyah, Eny Yulianti, Ghanaim Fasya, “Penurunan Angka Peroksida
dan Asam Lemak Bebas (FFA) pada Proses Bleaching Minyak Goreng Bekas oleh
Karbon Aktif Polong Buah Kelor (Moringa Oliefera. Lamk) dengan Aktivasi
NaCl”, ALCHEMY, 1(2) 2010 : hal. 93 – 103.
[28] R. Wannahari, M. F. N. Nordin, “Reduction of Peroxide Value in Used
Palm Cooking Oil Using Bagasse Adsorbent”, American International Journal of
Contemporary Research, 2(1) 2012 : hal. 185 – 191.
[29] Widayat, Suherman, dan K. Haryani., “Optimasi Proses Adsorbsi Minyak
Goreng Bekas dengan Adsorbent Zeolit Alam: Studi Pengurangan Bilangan
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