Pemanfaatan Lignin Isolat Bahan Pengikat Alami (Natural Binder) Dari Kayu Pinus (Pinus Merkusii Jungh Et De Vriese) Sebagai Penguat Aspal
94
DAFTAR PUSTAKA
Anang, P., 2003. Kajian Laoboratorium Pengaruh Penggunaan Pasir Besi Sebagai
Agregat Halus Campuran Aspal Panas HRA terhadap Sifat Marshall dan
Durabilitas. Tesis, Magister UNDIP Semarang.
Antonius, P., 2009. Penyediaan Film Mikrokomposit PVC Menggunakan Pemlastis
Stearin dengan Pengisi Pati dan Penguat Serat Alam. Tesis Program
Pascasarjana USU. Medan.
Asiyanto. 2008. Metode Konstruksi Proyek Jalan. Jakarta : Universitas Indonesia
Press.
Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan. 2007. Kajian Penanganan Deformasi Plastis
dan Retak Akibat Beban Lalu Lintas. Jakarta : Departemen Pekerjaan Umum .
Badan Penelitian Kehutanan Indonesia. 1997. Ensiklopedi Kehutanan Indonesia. Edisi
Pertama. Departemen Kehutanan Badan Penelitian dan Kehutanan. Jakarta.
Bandrup and E. Immergut. 1985. Hand Book of Polymer. John Wiley and Sons, New
York
Billmeyer, F.W., 1984. Textbook Of Polymer. Wislly Interscience. New York : USA
Butarbutar, N., 2009. Pembuatan dan Karakterisasi Aspal Beton Berbasis Dreg dan
Grit. hal. 13-39. Medan : Universitas Sumatera Utara.
Carraher, C.E., Moore, J.A. 1983. Modification of Polymers. London, New York :
Plenum Press.
Cateto C.A. et al., 2008. Monitoring of lignin-based polyurethane synthesis by FTIRATR. Laboratory of Separation and Reaction Engineering, Instituto
Polit´ecnico de Braganca, Campus de Santa Apol´onia, Ap 1134, 5301-857
Braganca , Portugal
Departemen Permukiman dan Pengembangan Wilayah - Pusat Penelitian dan
Pengembangan Teknologi dan Prasarana Jalan, No.023/T/BM/1999
SK.No.76/KPTS/Db/ 1999., 1999. Pedoman Perencanaan Campuran
Beraspal Panas Dengan Pendekatan Kepadatan Mutlak.
Departemen Permukiman dan Prasaran Wilayah – Direktorat Jendral Prasarana
Wilayah., 2004. Spesifikasi Proyek Pembangunan Jalan dan Jembatan
Propinsi Jawa Tengah.
Devisi Industri Perum Perhutani., 1996. Buku Panduan Prosesing Gondoruken dan
Terpentin.
Universitas Sumatera Utara
95
Downs R. T., Hazen R. M., Finger L. W. 1994. The high-pressure crystal chemistry of
low albite and the origin of the pressure dependency of Al-Si ordering P = .44
GPa Note: sample is from Crete. American Mineralogist 79, 1042-1052
Eisenbach, C.D and N. Hartmurt. 1990. Poly (urethanes) and Related Polymer.
University of Bayreunth, Jerman
Fei-Hung, Y., 2000. A Study of Potential Use of Asphalt Containing Synthetic
Polymers For Asphalt Paving Mixes. hal 2-10. USA : UMI.
Fessenden, J.R. Fessenden, J.S. 1986. Kimia Organik. Alih Bahasa Aloysius Hadyana
Pujaatmaka, edisi ketiga jilid I. Jakarta : Erlangga.
Haavik C., Stolen S., Fjellvag H., Hanfland M., Hausermann D. 2000. Equation of
state of magnetite and its high-pressure modification: Thermodynamics of the
Fe-O system at high pressure Sample at P = 8.3 GPa. American Mineralogist
85, 514-523.
Haines, P.J. 1995. Thermel Methods of Analysis, Principles, Applications, and
Problems. First Edition, Blackie Academic and Profesional.
Hartomo, A.J. 1996. Memahami Polimer dan Perekat. Yogyakarta : Penerbit Andi
Offset.
Hepburn, C., 1991. Polyurethane Elastomer. Second Edition, Elsevier Applied
Science, New York.
Hummel, D.O. 1985. Infrared Spectra Polymer in Medium and Long Wave Length
Region. London : John Willey and Sons.
Hunter, R.N. 1994. Bintuminous Mixture in Road Contruction. Thomas Telford
London.
Izumi F. 1996. A Rietveld-Refinement Program RIETAN-94 for Angle-Dispersive XRay and Neutron Powder Diffraction. National Institute for Research in
Inorganic Materials 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan, Revised on June
22.
Joana S. Amaral et al., 2012. Fungal degradation of lignin-based rigid polyurethane
foams. Polymer Degradation and Stability 97, 20 69 e2076. Department of
Chemical Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
Kerbs, R.D. and Walker, R.D., 1978. Highway Materials. McGraw Hill, New York.
Kenneth M. Liechti et al., 2012. Interaction Nonlinearity in Asphalt Binders. 16:145167. Department of Aerospace Engineering and Engineering Mechanics, The
University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712-0278, USA
Universitas Sumatera Utara
96
Kibbie, A. H., Ph.D., 2000. Handbook of Pharmaceutical Excipients. Third Edition.
Pharmaceutical Press London, UK, Washington, D. C.
King, G.N., Munchy, H.W., Prudhomme, J.B. 1986. Polymer Modification : Binder’s
Effect on Mix Properties, Volume 55. hal 519-540. Proceeding of the
Association of Asphalt Paving Technologists.
Koninklijke.1987.The Teasting of Bituminous Material. Shell-Laboratorium
Mothe, M.G., Leite, L.F.M., Mothe, C.G. 2008. Thermal Characterization of Asphalt
Mixtures By TG/DTG, DTA and FTIR. hal. 109. Journal of Thermal Analysis
and Calorimetry.
Nazarudin, H. H., 2007. http://www.situswebkimiaindonesia.com/Poliuretan, Polimer
Serba Bisa.htm/ diunduh 02 September 2012.
Nuryanto, A., 2008. Aspal Buton dan Propelan Padat. Jakarta.
Oglesby, C.H. 1996. Teknik Jalan Raya. Edisi Keempat. Jilid II. Jakarta : Erlangga.
Polacco,G., Berlincioni, S. 2005. Asphalt Modification with Different PolyethyleneBased Polymer. hal 2831. Italia. European Polymer Journal 41.
Rahmawati, N. 1999. Struktur Lignin Kayu Daun Lebar dan Pengaruhnya terhadap
Laju Delignifikasi. Tesis. Program Pasca Sarjana Institut Pertanian Bogor.
Bogor.
Rianung, S. 2007. Kajian Laboratorium Pengaruh Bahan Tambah Gondorukem pada
Asphalt Concrete-Binder Course (AC-BC) Tehadap Nilai Propertis Marshall
dan Durabilitas, Semarang.
Rismajana, J. 1998. Ekstraksi Kayu Meranti, Berita sellulosa, 24, 19-22
Rodrigo Delgadillo et al., 2010. The Relationship between Nonlinearity of Asphalt
Binders and Asphalt Mixture Permanent Deformation. Departamento de Obras
Civiles Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María Av. España 1680,
Valparaíso, Chile
Rusdi Rafli. 2008. Karakteristik Matriks Termoplastik Polietilena Terplastisasi
Poligliserol Asetat. Tesis Program Pascasarjana USU. Medan.
Setyono, E., 2003. Karakteristik Beton Dengan Agregat Halus Formulasi Pasir
Pantai Mangkang - Pasir Muntilan Dengan Variasi Jumlah Semen. Semarang
: Universitas Negeri Semarang.
Setyawan, I.B. 2006. Pengaruh Penambahan Serbuk Gergaji Kayu Jati (Tectona
grandis L.f) Pada Mortar Semen Ditinjau Dari Kuat Tekan, Kuat Tarik Dan
Daya Serap Air. Semarang : Universitas Negeri Semarang.
Universitas Sumatera Utara
97
Shell Bitumen. 1990. The Shell Bitumen Hand Book.
Slade, P.E., Lioyd, F.J. 1990. Thermal Characterization Techniques. Marcel Decker,
Inc., New York
Soeprapto Totomihardjo. 1994. Bahan dan Strukture Jalan Raya.
Standar Nasional Indonesia. 2001. Mutu dan Cara Uji Gondorukem. SNI 015009-122001. Dewan Standarisasi Nasional Republik Indonesia.
Sukirman, S., 2003. Beton Aspal Campuran Panas. Jakarta : Granit.
Supri. 2000. Sintesis Dan Karakterisasi Poliuretan Dari Sistem Lignin Isolat Kayu
Meranti (Shorea Spp) Dengan Polietilen Glikol (LI-PEG). Tesis Magister,
Bandung.
Syroezhko A. M. et al., 2011. Influence of Natural Additives and Those Synthesized by
the Fischer–Tropsch Method on the Properties of Petroleum Bitumen and
Quality of Floated Asphalt. St. Petersburg State Technologicval Institute, St
Petersburg, Russia
Tae Oan Ahn, Soon Uk-Jung, And Sang Won Lee. 1994. The Properties With Mixed
Chain Extenders And Mixed Soft Segments. Journal of Applied Polym. Sci.,
51, 43-49
Tamrin. 2011. Peningkatan Nilai Tambah Hasil Alam dan Daur Ulang Limbah
Melalui Proses Kimia Fisika. Hal.7.. Medan : USU
Terrel, R.L. and J.A. Epps (1988). Using Additives and Modifiers in Hot Mix Asphalt.
National Asphalt Pavement Association Quality Improvement Series 114.
Thamindra Wasage et al., 2010. Repeated Loading and Unloading Tests of Asphalt
Binders and Mixes. Department of Civil Engineering Schulich School of
Engineering University of Calgary, University Drive NW Calgary AB T2N
1N4, Canada
The Asphalt Institute. 1997. Performonce Graded Asphalt Binder Specification and
Testing, Superpave Series No.1 (SP-1) Lexington USA.
Ullman”s Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry,Vol.A23-1993.
Wake, W.C., 1987. Synthetic Adhesive and Sealants. New York : John Wiley and
Sons.
Wegener, G., Fengel, D. 1985. Kimia Ultra Struktur Reaksi. Gadjah Mada University
Press : Yogyakarta
Universitas Sumatera Utara
98
Will G, Bellotto M, Parrish W, Hart M. 1988. Crystal structures of quartz and
magnesium germanate by profile analysis of synchrotron-radiation highresolution powder data., Journal of Applied Crystallography 21, 182-191.
Wirjosentono Basuki, Abdi Negara Sitompul, Sumarno, Tirena A. Siregar, Syamsul
Bahri Lubis. 1995. Analisis dan Karakterisasi Polimer. USU – Press: Medan.
Xianwu Zou. Et al., 2012. Synthesis and properties of polyurethane foams prepared
from heavy oil modified by polyols with 4,4’-methylene-diphenylene isocyanate
(MDI). Research Institute of Wood Industry, 100091 Beijing, PR China
Yildrim, Y., 2005. Polymer Modified Asphalt Binders. Journal of Construction and
Building Materials 21. hal 66. USA
Zhaobang, Shen.1995. Production and Standards for Chemical Non-Wood Forest
Products in China. CIFOR Occasional Paper No. 6.
Universitas Sumatera Utara
DAFTAR PUSTAKA
Anang, P., 2003. Kajian Laoboratorium Pengaruh Penggunaan Pasir Besi Sebagai
Agregat Halus Campuran Aspal Panas HRA terhadap Sifat Marshall dan
Durabilitas. Tesis, Magister UNDIP Semarang.
Antonius, P., 2009. Penyediaan Film Mikrokomposit PVC Menggunakan Pemlastis
Stearin dengan Pengisi Pati dan Penguat Serat Alam. Tesis Program
Pascasarjana USU. Medan.
Asiyanto. 2008. Metode Konstruksi Proyek Jalan. Jakarta : Universitas Indonesia
Press.
Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan. 2007. Kajian Penanganan Deformasi Plastis
dan Retak Akibat Beban Lalu Lintas. Jakarta : Departemen Pekerjaan Umum .
Badan Penelitian Kehutanan Indonesia. 1997. Ensiklopedi Kehutanan Indonesia. Edisi
Pertama. Departemen Kehutanan Badan Penelitian dan Kehutanan. Jakarta.
Bandrup and E. Immergut. 1985. Hand Book of Polymer. John Wiley and Sons, New
York
Billmeyer, F.W., 1984. Textbook Of Polymer. Wislly Interscience. New York : USA
Butarbutar, N., 2009. Pembuatan dan Karakterisasi Aspal Beton Berbasis Dreg dan
Grit. hal. 13-39. Medan : Universitas Sumatera Utara.
Carraher, C.E., Moore, J.A. 1983. Modification of Polymers. London, New York :
Plenum Press.
Cateto C.A. et al., 2008. Monitoring of lignin-based polyurethane synthesis by FTIRATR. Laboratory of Separation and Reaction Engineering, Instituto
Polit´ecnico de Braganca, Campus de Santa Apol´onia, Ap 1134, 5301-857
Braganca , Portugal
Departemen Permukiman dan Pengembangan Wilayah - Pusat Penelitian dan
Pengembangan Teknologi dan Prasarana Jalan, No.023/T/BM/1999
SK.No.76/KPTS/Db/ 1999., 1999. Pedoman Perencanaan Campuran
Beraspal Panas Dengan Pendekatan Kepadatan Mutlak.
Departemen Permukiman dan Prasaran Wilayah – Direktorat Jendral Prasarana
Wilayah., 2004. Spesifikasi Proyek Pembangunan Jalan dan Jembatan
Propinsi Jawa Tengah.
Devisi Industri Perum Perhutani., 1996. Buku Panduan Prosesing Gondoruken dan
Terpentin.
Universitas Sumatera Utara
95
Downs R. T., Hazen R. M., Finger L. W. 1994. The high-pressure crystal chemistry of
low albite and the origin of the pressure dependency of Al-Si ordering P = .44
GPa Note: sample is from Crete. American Mineralogist 79, 1042-1052
Eisenbach, C.D and N. Hartmurt. 1990. Poly (urethanes) and Related Polymer.
University of Bayreunth, Jerman
Fei-Hung, Y., 2000. A Study of Potential Use of Asphalt Containing Synthetic
Polymers For Asphalt Paving Mixes. hal 2-10. USA : UMI.
Fessenden, J.R. Fessenden, J.S. 1986. Kimia Organik. Alih Bahasa Aloysius Hadyana
Pujaatmaka, edisi ketiga jilid I. Jakarta : Erlangga.
Haavik C., Stolen S., Fjellvag H., Hanfland M., Hausermann D. 2000. Equation of
state of magnetite and its high-pressure modification: Thermodynamics of the
Fe-O system at high pressure Sample at P = 8.3 GPa. American Mineralogist
85, 514-523.
Haines, P.J. 1995. Thermel Methods of Analysis, Principles, Applications, and
Problems. First Edition, Blackie Academic and Profesional.
Hartomo, A.J. 1996. Memahami Polimer dan Perekat. Yogyakarta : Penerbit Andi
Offset.
Hepburn, C., 1991. Polyurethane Elastomer. Second Edition, Elsevier Applied
Science, New York.
Hummel, D.O. 1985. Infrared Spectra Polymer in Medium and Long Wave Length
Region. London : John Willey and Sons.
Hunter, R.N. 1994. Bintuminous Mixture in Road Contruction. Thomas Telford
London.
Izumi F. 1996. A Rietveld-Refinement Program RIETAN-94 for Angle-Dispersive XRay and Neutron Powder Diffraction. National Institute for Research in
Inorganic Materials 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan, Revised on June
22.
Joana S. Amaral et al., 2012. Fungal degradation of lignin-based rigid polyurethane
foams. Polymer Degradation and Stability 97, 20 69 e2076. Department of
Chemical Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
Kerbs, R.D. and Walker, R.D., 1978. Highway Materials. McGraw Hill, New York.
Kenneth M. Liechti et al., 2012. Interaction Nonlinearity in Asphalt Binders. 16:145167. Department of Aerospace Engineering and Engineering Mechanics, The
University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712-0278, USA
Universitas Sumatera Utara
96
Kibbie, A. H., Ph.D., 2000. Handbook of Pharmaceutical Excipients. Third Edition.
Pharmaceutical Press London, UK, Washington, D. C.
King, G.N., Munchy, H.W., Prudhomme, J.B. 1986. Polymer Modification : Binder’s
Effect on Mix Properties, Volume 55. hal 519-540. Proceeding of the
Association of Asphalt Paving Technologists.
Koninklijke.1987.The Teasting of Bituminous Material. Shell-Laboratorium
Mothe, M.G., Leite, L.F.M., Mothe, C.G. 2008. Thermal Characterization of Asphalt
Mixtures By TG/DTG, DTA and FTIR. hal. 109. Journal of Thermal Analysis
and Calorimetry.
Nazarudin, H. H., 2007. http://www.situswebkimiaindonesia.com/Poliuretan, Polimer
Serba Bisa.htm/ diunduh 02 September 2012.
Nuryanto, A., 2008. Aspal Buton dan Propelan Padat. Jakarta.
Oglesby, C.H. 1996. Teknik Jalan Raya. Edisi Keempat. Jilid II. Jakarta : Erlangga.
Polacco,G., Berlincioni, S. 2005. Asphalt Modification with Different PolyethyleneBased Polymer. hal 2831. Italia. European Polymer Journal 41.
Rahmawati, N. 1999. Struktur Lignin Kayu Daun Lebar dan Pengaruhnya terhadap
Laju Delignifikasi. Tesis. Program Pasca Sarjana Institut Pertanian Bogor.
Bogor.
Rianung, S. 2007. Kajian Laboratorium Pengaruh Bahan Tambah Gondorukem pada
Asphalt Concrete-Binder Course (AC-BC) Tehadap Nilai Propertis Marshall
dan Durabilitas, Semarang.
Rismajana, J. 1998. Ekstraksi Kayu Meranti, Berita sellulosa, 24, 19-22
Rodrigo Delgadillo et al., 2010. The Relationship between Nonlinearity of Asphalt
Binders and Asphalt Mixture Permanent Deformation. Departamento de Obras
Civiles Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María Av. España 1680,
Valparaíso, Chile
Rusdi Rafli. 2008. Karakteristik Matriks Termoplastik Polietilena Terplastisasi
Poligliserol Asetat. Tesis Program Pascasarjana USU. Medan.
Setyono, E., 2003. Karakteristik Beton Dengan Agregat Halus Formulasi Pasir
Pantai Mangkang - Pasir Muntilan Dengan Variasi Jumlah Semen. Semarang
: Universitas Negeri Semarang.
Setyawan, I.B. 2006. Pengaruh Penambahan Serbuk Gergaji Kayu Jati (Tectona
grandis L.f) Pada Mortar Semen Ditinjau Dari Kuat Tekan, Kuat Tarik Dan
Daya Serap Air. Semarang : Universitas Negeri Semarang.
Universitas Sumatera Utara
97
Shell Bitumen. 1990. The Shell Bitumen Hand Book.
Slade, P.E., Lioyd, F.J. 1990. Thermal Characterization Techniques. Marcel Decker,
Inc., New York
Soeprapto Totomihardjo. 1994. Bahan dan Strukture Jalan Raya.
Standar Nasional Indonesia. 2001. Mutu dan Cara Uji Gondorukem. SNI 015009-122001. Dewan Standarisasi Nasional Republik Indonesia.
Sukirman, S., 2003. Beton Aspal Campuran Panas. Jakarta : Granit.
Supri. 2000. Sintesis Dan Karakterisasi Poliuretan Dari Sistem Lignin Isolat Kayu
Meranti (Shorea Spp) Dengan Polietilen Glikol (LI-PEG). Tesis Magister,
Bandung.
Syroezhko A. M. et al., 2011. Influence of Natural Additives and Those Synthesized by
the Fischer–Tropsch Method on the Properties of Petroleum Bitumen and
Quality of Floated Asphalt. St. Petersburg State Technologicval Institute, St
Petersburg, Russia
Tae Oan Ahn, Soon Uk-Jung, And Sang Won Lee. 1994. The Properties With Mixed
Chain Extenders And Mixed Soft Segments. Journal of Applied Polym. Sci.,
51, 43-49
Tamrin. 2011. Peningkatan Nilai Tambah Hasil Alam dan Daur Ulang Limbah
Melalui Proses Kimia Fisika. Hal.7.. Medan : USU
Terrel, R.L. and J.A. Epps (1988). Using Additives and Modifiers in Hot Mix Asphalt.
National Asphalt Pavement Association Quality Improvement Series 114.
Thamindra Wasage et al., 2010. Repeated Loading and Unloading Tests of Asphalt
Binders and Mixes. Department of Civil Engineering Schulich School of
Engineering University of Calgary, University Drive NW Calgary AB T2N
1N4, Canada
The Asphalt Institute. 1997. Performonce Graded Asphalt Binder Specification and
Testing, Superpave Series No.1 (SP-1) Lexington USA.
Ullman”s Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry,Vol.A23-1993.
Wake, W.C., 1987. Synthetic Adhesive and Sealants. New York : John Wiley and
Sons.
Wegener, G., Fengel, D. 1985. Kimia Ultra Struktur Reaksi. Gadjah Mada University
Press : Yogyakarta
Universitas Sumatera Utara
98
Will G, Bellotto M, Parrish W, Hart M. 1988. Crystal structures of quartz and
magnesium germanate by profile analysis of synchrotron-radiation highresolution powder data., Journal of Applied Crystallography 21, 182-191.
Wirjosentono Basuki, Abdi Negara Sitompul, Sumarno, Tirena A. Siregar, Syamsul
Bahri Lubis. 1995. Analisis dan Karakterisasi Polimer. USU – Press: Medan.
Xianwu Zou. Et al., 2012. Synthesis and properties of polyurethane foams prepared
from heavy oil modified by polyols with 4,4’-methylene-diphenylene isocyanate
(MDI). Research Institute of Wood Industry, 100091 Beijing, PR China
Yildrim, Y., 2005. Polymer Modified Asphalt Binders. Journal of Construction and
Building Materials 21. hal 66. USA
Zhaobang, Shen.1995. Production and Standards for Chemical Non-Wood Forest
Products in China. CIFOR Occasional Paper No. 6.
Universitas Sumatera Utara