Korelasi antara Jumlah Asupan Kalori dan Protein dengan Imbang Nitrogen pada Anak Sakit Kritis di Unit Rawatan Intensif Anak
Daftar pustaka
1.
Kyle UG, Jaimon N, Coss-Bu JA. Nutrition support in critically ill children:
underdelivery of energy and protein compared with current recommendations.
J Acad Nutr Diet. 2012;112:1987-92.
2. Pawellek I, Dokoupil K, Koletzko B. Prevalence of malnutrition in paediatric
hospital patients. Clin Nutr. 2008;27(1):72-6.
3. Hals J, Ek J, Svalastog AG, Nilsen H. Studies on nutrition in severely
neurologically
disabled
children
in
an
institution.
Acta
Paediatr. 1996;85(12):1469-75.
4. Azis AL. Support nutrisi pada anak sakit berat. Divisi pediatri gawat darurat
bagian ilmu kesehatan anak FK Unair / RS dr Sutomo – Surabaya.
Disampaikan pada Continuing Education Ilmu Kesehatan Anak ke XXXIV,
Surabaya 3-5 September 2004.
5. Sullivan RJ. Nutrition and major nutrients. Dalam: Digestion and nutrition,
Sullivan RJ. Philadelphia, penyunting : Chelsea house publishers, 2004. h. 1221.
6. Briassoulis G, Tsorva A, Zavras N, Hatzis T. Influence of an aggressive early
enteral nutrition protocol on nitrogen balance in critically illchildren. J Nutr
Biochem. 2002; 13(9):560.
7. Coss-bu JA, Jefferson LS, Walding D, David Y, Smith EO, Klish WJ. Resting
energy expenditure and nitrogen balance in critically ill pediatric patients on
mechanical ventilation. Nutrition. 1998;14(9):649-52
8. Van Waarderburg DA. Protein metabolism and nutritional requirements in
critically ill children (Tesis). (Datawyse, Maastricht): Maastricht
University;2008.
9. Ganapathy, V., Ganapathy, M. E. and Leibach, F. H. Protein Digestion and
Assimilation. Dalam: Yamada T, penyunting. Textbook of Gastroenterology ,
Oxford, UK ,Blackwell Publishing Ltd. 2008. h. 464-77.
10. Castillo L. Macronutrient requirements for growth: Protein and amino acid.
Dalam : Walker WA, Watkins JB, Duggan C, penyunting. Nutrition in
pediatrics, basic science and clinical application. London: BC Decker, 2003. h.
73-85.
11. Weijs PJ, Cynober L, DeLegge M, Kreymann G, Wernerman J, Wolfe RR.
Proteins and amino acids are fundamental to optimal nutrition support in
critically ill patients. Crit Care. 2014;17;18(6):59
12. Hoffer LJ, Bistrian BR. Why critically ill patients are protein deprived. JPEN J
Parenter Enteral Nutr. 2013;37(3):300-9.
Universitas Sumatera Utara
13. Furst P. Protein and amino acid metabolisme: comparison of stressed and
nonstressed state. Dalam: Cresci G. penyunting. Nutrition support for the
critically ill patient; a guide to practice. Floroda : CRC Press. 2005. h: 27-48
14. Tessari P. Nitrogen Balance and Protein Requirements: Definition and
Measurements. Dalam: Mantovani G, penyunting. Cachexia and Wasting: A
Modern Approach, Milan, Italia, Springer. 2006. h. 73-9.
15. Gibson R. Metabolic changes as indices. Dalam : Principles of nutritional
assessment. London, Oxford University Press, 2005. h. 422-23
16. Shew SB, Jaksic T. The metabolic needs of critically ill children and neonates.
Semin Pediatr Surg. 1999;8(3):131-9.
17. Yuniar I, Latief A, Devaera Y, Fitrianti S. Pemberian Nutrisi pada Pasien
dengan Penyakit Kritis di Ruang Perawatan Intensif Anak RS. Cipto
Mangunkusumo. Sari Pediatri 2014;16(4):254-9.
18. Mehta NM, Compher C, CNSD, ASPEN Board of Directors. A.S.P.E.N.
Clinical guidelines: nutrition support of the critically ill child. J Parenter Enteral
Nutr 2009 vol. 33 no. (3) 260-76
19. Coss-Bu JA, Klish WJ, Walding D, Stein F, Smith EO, Jefferson LS. Energy
metabolism, nitrogen balance, and substrate utilization in critically ill children.
Am J Clin Nutr. 2001 ;74(5):664-9.
20. Scheinkestel CD, Kar L, Marshall K, Bailey M, Davies A, Nyulasi I, Tuxen DV.
Prospective randomized trial to assess caloric and protein needs of critically
Ill, anuric, ventilated patients requiring continuous renal replacement therapy.
Nutrition. 2003;19(11-12):909-16.
21. Yarandi SS, Zhao VM, Hebbar G, Ziegler TR. Amino acid composition in
parenteral nutrition: what is the evidence?. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care.
2011; 14(1): 75–82.
22. Cano NJM, Aparicio M, Brunori G, Carrero JJ, Cianciaruso B, Fiaccadori E,
dkk. Comprehensive European Clinical Practice Guidelines on parenteral
nutrition support in patients with renal dysfunction. Clin Nutr. 2009;28:401–14.
23. Kurpad AV. The requirements of protein & amino acid during acute & chronic
infections. Indian J Med Res. 2006;124(2):129-48
24. Reeds PJ, Dispensable and indispensable amino acids for humans. J
Nutr. 2000 ;130(7):1835-40.
25. Skillman HE, Wischmeyer PE. Nutrition therapy in critically ill infants and
children. J Parenter Enteral Nutr. 2008:(32)5:520-34
26. Windle EM. Glutamine supplementation in critical illness: evidence,
recommendations, and implications forclinical practice in burn care. J Burn
Care Res. 2006;27(6):764-72.
Universitas Sumatera Utara
27. Moe-Byrne T, Wagner JV, McGuire W. Glutamine supplementation to prevent
morbidity and mortality in preterm infants. Cochrane Database Syst
Rev. 2012;14;3:CD001457.
28. Albers MJ, Steyerberg EW, Hazebroek FWJ, Mourik M, Borsboom GJM,
Rietveld T, dkk. Glutamine supplementation of parenteral nutrition does not
improve intestinal permeability, nitrogen balance, or outcome in newborns and
infants undergoing digestive-tract surgery: results from a double-blind,
randomized, controlled trial. Ann Surg. 2005;241(4):599-606.
29. Poindexter BB, Ehrenkranz RA, Stoll BJ, Wright LL, Poole WK, Oh W, dkk.
Parenteral glutamine supplementation does not reduce the risk of mortality or
late-onset sepsis in extremely low birth weight infants. Pediatrics. 2004
;113(5):1209-15.
30. Sheridan RL, Prelack K, Yu Y,Lydon M, Petras L, Young VR dkk. Short-term
enteral glutamine does not enhance protein accretion in burned children: a
stable isotope study. Surgery. 2004;135(6):671-8.
31. Barbul A, Uliyargoli A. Use of exogenous arginine in multiple organ
dysfunction syndrome and sepsis. Crit Care Med. 2007;35(9):S564-7
32. Van Waardenburg DA, de Beute CT, Luiking YC, Engel M, Deutz NE. Plasma
arginine and citrulline concentrations in critically ill children: strong relation
with inflammation. Am J Clin Nutr. 2007;86(5):1438-44.
33. Yu YM, Ryan CN, Castillo L, Lu XM, Beaumier L, Tompkins RC, dkk . Arginine
and ornithine kinetics in severely burned patients: increased rate of arginine
disposal. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2001;280(3):E509-17.
34. Argaman Z, Young V, Noviski N, Castillos-Rosas L, Lu XM, Zurakowski D,
dkk. Arginine and nitric oxide metabolism in critically ill septic pediatric
patients. Crit Care Med. 2003;31(2):591-7.
35. Marin VB, Rodriguez-Osiac L, Schlessinger L, Villegas J, Lopez M, CastilloDuran C. Controlled study of enteral arginine supplementation in burned
children: impact on immunologic and metabolic status. Nutrition. 2006;22(78):705-12.
36. De Bandt JP, Cynober L. Therapeutic Use of Branched-Chain Amino Acids in
Burn, Trauma, and Sepsis. J. Nutr. 2006:136(1):308-13
37. Madiyono B, Moeslichan S, Sastroasmoro S, Budiman I, Purwanto SH
Perkiraan besar sampel. Dalam : Sastroasmoro S, Ismael S, penyunting.
Dasar-dasar metodologi penelitian klinis. Edisi ke-3. Jakarta: CV Sagung
Seto, 2008.h.302-30.
38. Bellomo R, Ronco C, Kellums JA, Mehta RL, Palevky P, ADQI workgroup.
Acute renal failure – definition, outcome measures, animal models, fluid
therapy and information technology needs: the Second International
Universitas Sumatera Utara
39.
40.
41.
42.
Consensus Conference of the Acute Dialysis Quality Initiative (ADQI) Group.
Critical Care. 2004;8:204-12.
Raurich JM, Pérez O, Llompart-Pou JA, Ibáñez J, Ayestarán I, Pérez-Bárcena
J. Incidence and outcome of ischemic hepatitis complicating septic shock.
Hepatology Research 2009; 39:700–5.
De Neef M, Geukers VGM, Dral A, Lindeboom R, Sauerwein HP, Bos AP.
Nutritional goals, prescription and delivery in a pediatric intensive care unit.
Clinical Nutrition. 2008; 27: 65–71.
Bechard LJ, Parrott JS, Mehta NM. Systematic revie of the influence of energy
and protein intake on protein balance in critically ill children. J Pediatr.
2012;161:333-9.
Chaparro CJ, Depeyre JL, Longchamp D, Perez MH, Taffe P, Cotting J. How
much protein and energy are needed to equilibrate nitrogen and energy
balances in ventilated critically ill children?. Clinical Nutrition. 2015;1-8.
Universitas Sumatera Utara
1.
Kyle UG, Jaimon N, Coss-Bu JA. Nutrition support in critically ill children:
underdelivery of energy and protein compared with current recommendations.
J Acad Nutr Diet. 2012;112:1987-92.
2. Pawellek I, Dokoupil K, Koletzko B. Prevalence of malnutrition in paediatric
hospital patients. Clin Nutr. 2008;27(1):72-6.
3. Hals J, Ek J, Svalastog AG, Nilsen H. Studies on nutrition in severely
neurologically
disabled
children
in
an
institution.
Acta
Paediatr. 1996;85(12):1469-75.
4. Azis AL. Support nutrisi pada anak sakit berat. Divisi pediatri gawat darurat
bagian ilmu kesehatan anak FK Unair / RS dr Sutomo – Surabaya.
Disampaikan pada Continuing Education Ilmu Kesehatan Anak ke XXXIV,
Surabaya 3-5 September 2004.
5. Sullivan RJ. Nutrition and major nutrients. Dalam: Digestion and nutrition,
Sullivan RJ. Philadelphia, penyunting : Chelsea house publishers, 2004. h. 1221.
6. Briassoulis G, Tsorva A, Zavras N, Hatzis T. Influence of an aggressive early
enteral nutrition protocol on nitrogen balance in critically illchildren. J Nutr
Biochem. 2002; 13(9):560.
7. Coss-bu JA, Jefferson LS, Walding D, David Y, Smith EO, Klish WJ. Resting
energy expenditure and nitrogen balance in critically ill pediatric patients on
mechanical ventilation. Nutrition. 1998;14(9):649-52
8. Van Waarderburg DA. Protein metabolism and nutritional requirements in
critically ill children (Tesis). (Datawyse, Maastricht): Maastricht
University;2008.
9. Ganapathy, V., Ganapathy, M. E. and Leibach, F. H. Protein Digestion and
Assimilation. Dalam: Yamada T, penyunting. Textbook of Gastroenterology ,
Oxford, UK ,Blackwell Publishing Ltd. 2008. h. 464-77.
10. Castillo L. Macronutrient requirements for growth: Protein and amino acid.
Dalam : Walker WA, Watkins JB, Duggan C, penyunting. Nutrition in
pediatrics, basic science and clinical application. London: BC Decker, 2003. h.
73-85.
11. Weijs PJ, Cynober L, DeLegge M, Kreymann G, Wernerman J, Wolfe RR.
Proteins and amino acids are fundamental to optimal nutrition support in
critically ill patients. Crit Care. 2014;17;18(6):59
12. Hoffer LJ, Bistrian BR. Why critically ill patients are protein deprived. JPEN J
Parenter Enteral Nutr. 2013;37(3):300-9.
Universitas Sumatera Utara
13. Furst P. Protein and amino acid metabolisme: comparison of stressed and
nonstressed state. Dalam: Cresci G. penyunting. Nutrition support for the
critically ill patient; a guide to practice. Floroda : CRC Press. 2005. h: 27-48
14. Tessari P. Nitrogen Balance and Protein Requirements: Definition and
Measurements. Dalam: Mantovani G, penyunting. Cachexia and Wasting: A
Modern Approach, Milan, Italia, Springer. 2006. h. 73-9.
15. Gibson R. Metabolic changes as indices. Dalam : Principles of nutritional
assessment. London, Oxford University Press, 2005. h. 422-23
16. Shew SB, Jaksic T. The metabolic needs of critically ill children and neonates.
Semin Pediatr Surg. 1999;8(3):131-9.
17. Yuniar I, Latief A, Devaera Y, Fitrianti S. Pemberian Nutrisi pada Pasien
dengan Penyakit Kritis di Ruang Perawatan Intensif Anak RS. Cipto
Mangunkusumo. Sari Pediatri 2014;16(4):254-9.
18. Mehta NM, Compher C, CNSD, ASPEN Board of Directors. A.S.P.E.N.
Clinical guidelines: nutrition support of the critically ill child. J Parenter Enteral
Nutr 2009 vol. 33 no. (3) 260-76
19. Coss-Bu JA, Klish WJ, Walding D, Stein F, Smith EO, Jefferson LS. Energy
metabolism, nitrogen balance, and substrate utilization in critically ill children.
Am J Clin Nutr. 2001 ;74(5):664-9.
20. Scheinkestel CD, Kar L, Marshall K, Bailey M, Davies A, Nyulasi I, Tuxen DV.
Prospective randomized trial to assess caloric and protein needs of critically
Ill, anuric, ventilated patients requiring continuous renal replacement therapy.
Nutrition. 2003;19(11-12):909-16.
21. Yarandi SS, Zhao VM, Hebbar G, Ziegler TR. Amino acid composition in
parenteral nutrition: what is the evidence?. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care.
2011; 14(1): 75–82.
22. Cano NJM, Aparicio M, Brunori G, Carrero JJ, Cianciaruso B, Fiaccadori E,
dkk. Comprehensive European Clinical Practice Guidelines on parenteral
nutrition support in patients with renal dysfunction. Clin Nutr. 2009;28:401–14.
23. Kurpad AV. The requirements of protein & amino acid during acute & chronic
infections. Indian J Med Res. 2006;124(2):129-48
24. Reeds PJ, Dispensable and indispensable amino acids for humans. J
Nutr. 2000 ;130(7):1835-40.
25. Skillman HE, Wischmeyer PE. Nutrition therapy in critically ill infants and
children. J Parenter Enteral Nutr. 2008:(32)5:520-34
26. Windle EM. Glutamine supplementation in critical illness: evidence,
recommendations, and implications forclinical practice in burn care. J Burn
Care Res. 2006;27(6):764-72.
Universitas Sumatera Utara
27. Moe-Byrne T, Wagner JV, McGuire W. Glutamine supplementation to prevent
morbidity and mortality in preterm infants. Cochrane Database Syst
Rev. 2012;14;3:CD001457.
28. Albers MJ, Steyerberg EW, Hazebroek FWJ, Mourik M, Borsboom GJM,
Rietveld T, dkk. Glutamine supplementation of parenteral nutrition does not
improve intestinal permeability, nitrogen balance, or outcome in newborns and
infants undergoing digestive-tract surgery: results from a double-blind,
randomized, controlled trial. Ann Surg. 2005;241(4):599-606.
29. Poindexter BB, Ehrenkranz RA, Stoll BJ, Wright LL, Poole WK, Oh W, dkk.
Parenteral glutamine supplementation does not reduce the risk of mortality or
late-onset sepsis in extremely low birth weight infants. Pediatrics. 2004
;113(5):1209-15.
30. Sheridan RL, Prelack K, Yu Y,Lydon M, Petras L, Young VR dkk. Short-term
enteral glutamine does not enhance protein accretion in burned children: a
stable isotope study. Surgery. 2004;135(6):671-8.
31. Barbul A, Uliyargoli A. Use of exogenous arginine in multiple organ
dysfunction syndrome and sepsis. Crit Care Med. 2007;35(9):S564-7
32. Van Waardenburg DA, de Beute CT, Luiking YC, Engel M, Deutz NE. Plasma
arginine and citrulline concentrations in critically ill children: strong relation
with inflammation. Am J Clin Nutr. 2007;86(5):1438-44.
33. Yu YM, Ryan CN, Castillo L, Lu XM, Beaumier L, Tompkins RC, dkk . Arginine
and ornithine kinetics in severely burned patients: increased rate of arginine
disposal. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2001;280(3):E509-17.
34. Argaman Z, Young V, Noviski N, Castillos-Rosas L, Lu XM, Zurakowski D,
dkk. Arginine and nitric oxide metabolism in critically ill septic pediatric
patients. Crit Care Med. 2003;31(2):591-7.
35. Marin VB, Rodriguez-Osiac L, Schlessinger L, Villegas J, Lopez M, CastilloDuran C. Controlled study of enteral arginine supplementation in burned
children: impact on immunologic and metabolic status. Nutrition. 2006;22(78):705-12.
36. De Bandt JP, Cynober L. Therapeutic Use of Branched-Chain Amino Acids in
Burn, Trauma, and Sepsis. J. Nutr. 2006:136(1):308-13
37. Madiyono B, Moeslichan S, Sastroasmoro S, Budiman I, Purwanto SH
Perkiraan besar sampel. Dalam : Sastroasmoro S, Ismael S, penyunting.
Dasar-dasar metodologi penelitian klinis. Edisi ke-3. Jakarta: CV Sagung
Seto, 2008.h.302-30.
38. Bellomo R, Ronco C, Kellums JA, Mehta RL, Palevky P, ADQI workgroup.
Acute renal failure – definition, outcome measures, animal models, fluid
therapy and information technology needs: the Second International
Universitas Sumatera Utara
39.
40.
41.
42.
Consensus Conference of the Acute Dialysis Quality Initiative (ADQI) Group.
Critical Care. 2004;8:204-12.
Raurich JM, Pérez O, Llompart-Pou JA, Ibáñez J, Ayestarán I, Pérez-Bárcena
J. Incidence and outcome of ischemic hepatitis complicating septic shock.
Hepatology Research 2009; 39:700–5.
De Neef M, Geukers VGM, Dral A, Lindeboom R, Sauerwein HP, Bos AP.
Nutritional goals, prescription and delivery in a pediatric intensive care unit.
Clinical Nutrition. 2008; 27: 65–71.
Bechard LJ, Parrott JS, Mehta NM. Systematic revie of the influence of energy
and protein intake on protein balance in critically ill children. J Pediatr.
2012;161:333-9.
Chaparro CJ, Depeyre JL, Longchamp D, Perez MH, Taffe P, Cotting J. How
much protein and energy are needed to equilibrate nitrogen and energy
balances in ventilated critically ill children?. Clinical Nutrition. 2015;1-8.
Universitas Sumatera Utara