An Analysis of Translation Techniques and Quality of Airasia Online Booking Guide 1. COVER

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AN ANALYSIS OF TRANSLATION TECHNIQUES AND
QUALITY OF AIRASIA ONLINE BOOKING GUIDE

THESIS
Submitted as a Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for Sarjana Sastra Degree of
English Department Faculty of Cultural Sciences
Sebelas Maret University

by:
WAMANDA FRUITIVA LOVENDO
C0310066

ENGLISH DEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF CULTURAL SCIENCES
UNIVERSITAS SEBELAS MARET SURAKARTA
2016
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DEDICATION

I dedicate this thesis to:

Mr. and Mrs. Suwandi
English Department

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MOTTO

“Just when you think it can't get any worse, it can. And just
when you think it can't get any better, it can”
-Nicholas Sparks-

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ACKNOWLEDGMENT

ALHAMDULILLAHHIROBBIL’ALAMIN
All praises just to the Almighty, ALLAH SWT for the blessing, love, and
guidance given to me to complete this thesis. I realize that it is impossible to complete
this thesis without great people God sent to help.
Therefore, I would like to give my special appreciation from the deppest of my heart to
those who always supports me:
1.

The Dean of Faculty of Letters and Fine Arts of Sebelas Maret University, Prof. Drs.

Riyadi Santosa, M.Ed, Ph.D, for approving this thesis.
2.

The head of English Department and also my thesis consultant, Drs. Agus Hari W.,

M.A., Ph.D, for allowing me to conduct this thesis and thanks for his advices, guidance,
and kindness during the process of accomplishing this thesis. I also very thankful and
pleased to be supervised by him.

3.

My academic supervisior, Karunia Purna Kusciati, S.S., M.Si., for giving me support

to finish this thesis.
4.

I thank to the raters, Bayu Budiharjo, S.S. M.Hum, Herianto Nababan, S.S., M.Hum.,

and Sumardiono, S.S., M.Hum., for giving recommendation and data assessment.
5.

The researcher’s deepest thanks are for to Bayu Budiharjo, S.S. M.Hum and mbak

Liberty Minggus Dian Astuti as my proofreaders. Thanks for every guidance and
encouragement given during those hard times. Thanks for always inspiring me.
6.

My respondents, Hendra Gunawan, Inna Ria Nurani, and Danis Ardanil. Thanks for

their help.

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7.

The lecturers of English Department, thanks for all the knowledge and lessons given.

8.

My wonderful parents, Suwandi and Sunarmi, thanks for loving me unconditionally.

Thanks for never stop supporting me in prayers. It is grateful to be part of this family.
9.

I also thanks to my lovely handsome brothers, Wananda Hita Jaya and Guswanda

Helmy Pangestu for always loving, caring, cheering, and supporting me in any condition.
10. The deep thanks to my friends in English Department and my besties: Noviantisa
Wahyu Afifah, Inna Ria Nurani, Hendra Gunawan, Janur Al Ghofur, Putri Susilowati,
Faqih, Muhammad Mufti Winanto, and all of my Explore NTT family (Nia, Lia, Bayu,
Meizha, Sigit, Tour, Siva, and Pebry) for supporting and always reminding the me to
finish this research.
11. All employees of Faculty of Cultural Science of Sebelas Maret University, thanks to
all for helping me dealing with administrative affairs and other importances.

Last but not least, I realize that this thesis is far from perfect. Therefore, I look
forward to any supporting comment and suggestion.

Surakarta, January 21, 2016

Wamanda Fruitiva Lovendo

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TABLE OF CONTENS

Thesis Cover ....................................................................................................i
Approval by Thesis Supervisor .......................................................................ii
Approval by Board of Examiners ....................................................................iii
Pronouncement ................................................................................................iv
Dedication ........................................................................................................v
Motto ................................................................................................................vi
Acknowledgment .............................................................................................vii
Table of Content ..............................................................................................x
List of Table ..................................................................................................... xiii
List of Figure ................................................................................................... xvi
List of Diagram ................................................................................................ xvii

Abstract ............................................................................................................ xviii

CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION
A. Research Background ....................................................................1
B. Research Limitation .......................................................................4
C. Research Statement ........................................................................4
D. Research Objective ........................................................................4
E. Research Benefits ...........................................................................5
F. Thesis Organization ........................................................................
6
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CHAPTER II: LITERATURE REVIEW
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A. Translation Definition ...................................................................7
B. Problem in Translation ..................................................................9

C. Translation Technique ..................................................................12
D. Translation Quality .......................................................................24
E. Sentences ......................................................................................25
F. AirAsia ..........................................................................................29
G. Online Booking Guide ..................................................................30

CHAPTER III: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
A. Type of Research ..........................................................................32
B. Data and Source of Data ...............................................................33
C. Sampling Technique .....................................................................35
D. Method of Data Collection ...........................................................36
E. Technique of Data Analysis ..........................................................40
F. Research Procedure .......................................................................42

CHAPTER IV: RESEARCH FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION
A. Introduction ...................................................................................43
B. Research Finding ..........................................................................43
1.

Translation Techniqy .............................................................44

2.

Translation Quality ................................................................88
1.

Accuracy .........................................................................88
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a. Accurate Translation ..................................................89
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b. Less Accurate Translation ..........................................96
c. Inaccurate Translation ................................................102
2.

Acceptability ...................................................................104
a. Acceptable Translation ..............................................104
b. Less Acceptable Translation ......................................111
c. Unacceptable Translation ...........................................117

3.

Readability ......................................................................118
a. Readable Translation .................................................120
b. Less Readable Translation .........................................126
c. Unreadable Translation ..............................................131

C. Dicussion .....................................................................................133

CHAPTER V: CONCLUSSION AND RECOMMENDATION
A. CONCLUSSION ..........................................................................137
B. RECOMMENDATION ................................................................140
BIBLIOGRAPHY
APPENDICES

LIST OF FIGURE

Figure 2.1

: Overview of The Translation Task Diagram .........................9

Figure 2.2

: Home Page in www.airasia.com ............................................32

Figure 4.1

: Established Equivalent Example 1..........................................49

Figure 4.2

: Established Equivalent Example 2 .........................................50
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: Established Equivalent Example 3 .........................................51

Figure 4.3

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Figure 4.4

: Reduction ...............................................................................53

Figure 4.5

: Established Equivalent + Naturalized Borrowing ..................54

Figure 4.6

: Established Equivalent + Amplification ................................55

Figure 4.7

: Established Equivalent + Linguistic Amplification ...............56

Figure 4.8

: Established Equivalent + Reduction ......................................58

Figure 4.9

: Established Equivalent + Literal Translation .........................60

Figure 4.10

: Established Equivalent + Transposition .................................61

Figure 4.11

: Established Equivalent + Pure Borrowing +
Naturalize Borrowing .............................................................63

Figure 4.12

: Established Equivalent + Pure Borrowing + Amplification ..65

Figure 4.13

: Established Equivalent + Pure Borrowing +
Linguistic Amplification ........................................................67

Figure 4.14

: Established Equivalent + Naturalized Borrowing +
Reduction ...............................................................................68

Figure 4.15

: Established Equivalent + Naturalized Borrowing +
Amplification Example 1 ......................................................70

Figure 4.16

: Established Equivalent + Naturalized Borrowing +
Amplification Example 2 ....................................................... 72

Figure 4.17

: Established Equivalent + Naturalized Borrowing +
Linguistic Amplification ........................................................74

Figure 4.18

: Established Equivalent + Naturalized Borrowing +
Generalization .......................................................................76

Figure 4.19

: Established Equivalent + Calque + Literal Translation ..........78

Figure 4.20

: Established Equivalent + Naturalized Borrowing +
Transposition + Reduction .....................................................80

Figure 4.21

: Established Equivalent + Naturalized Borrowing +
Pure Borrowing + Literal Translation + Reduction ..............82

Figure 4.22

: Established Equivalent + Naturalized Borrowing +
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Pure Borrowing + Generalization .........................................84

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Figure 4.23

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: Established Equivalent + Pure Borrowing + Linguistic
Amplification + Reduction ....................................................86

Figure 4.24

: Established Equivalent + Pure Borrowing +
Amplification + Transposition ..............................................88

Figure 4.25

: Established Equivalent + Naturalized Borrowing +
Amplification + Reduction ....................................................90

Figure 4.26

: Established Equivalent + Pure Borrowing + Modulation .......92

Figure 4.27

: Accurate Translation Example 1 .............................................95

Figure 4.28

: Accurate Translation Example 2 ............................................97

Figure 4.29

: Accurate Translation Example 3 ............................................98

Figure 4.30

: Less Accurate Translation Example 1 ....................................103

Figure 4.31

: Less Accurate Translation Example 2 ....................................104

Figure 4.32

: Less Accurate Translation Example 3 ....................................106

Figure 4.33

: Inaccurate Translation .............................................................109

Figure 4.34

: Acceptable Translation Example 1 .........................................112

Figure 4.35

: Acceptable Translation Example 2 .........................................113

Figure 4.36

: Acceptable Translation Example 3 .........................................115

Figure 4.37

: Less Acceptable Translation Example 1 .................................119

Figure 4.38

: Less Acceptable Translation Example 2 .................................120

Figure 4.39

: Less Acceptable Translation Example 3 .................................121

Figure 4.40

: Unacceptable Translation........................................................125

Figure 4.41

: Readable Translation Example 1 ............................................128

Figure 4.42

: Readable Translation Example 2 ............................................129

Figure 4.43

: Readable Translation Example 3 ............................................130

Figure 4.44

: Less Readable Translation Example 1 ....................................134

Figure 4.45

: Less Readable Translation Example 2 ....................................136

Figure 4.46

: Less Readable Translation Example 3 ....................................137

Figure 4.47

: Unreadable Translation ...........................................................140
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LIST OF DIAGRAM

Diagram 3.1 : Content Analysis Model Proposed by Spradley 3
(Spradley, 1980 in Santosa, 2012) .........................................43

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LIST OF DIAGRAM

Diagram 3.1 : Content Analysis Model Proposed by Spradley 3
(Spradley, 1980 in Santosa, 2012) .........................................43

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ABSTRACT
Wamanda Fruitiva Lovendo. C0310066. An Analysis of Translation Techniques and
Quality of AirAsia Online Booking Guide. Thesis: English Department, Faculty of
Cultural Science. Sebelas Maret University. Surakarta. 2016.
This study aims at examining translation techniques and its quality on online
booking guide by AirAsia, which is published in January 7, 2014. This research applied
qualitative method because the data of this research are sentences, which contains of
audiences instruction. Sources of data are documents and informants.
The result of this study indicates that there are 10 techniques applied by the
translator. It is in the form of two single techniques and twenty one multiple techniques:
Established Equivalent (3 times or 8.82%), Reduction (1 time or 2.94%), Established
Equivalent+Naturalized Borrowing (4 times or 23.54%), Established Equivalent
+Amplification (2 times or 5.90%), Established Equivalent+Linguistic Amplification (1
time or 2.94%), Established Equivalent+Reduction (1 time or 2.94%), Established
Equivalent+Literal Translation (1 time or 2.94%), Established Equivalent+Transposition
(1 time or 2.94%), Established Equivalent+Pure Borrowing+Naturalized Borrowing (4
times or 23.54%), Established Equivalent+Pure Borrowing+Amplification (1 time or
2.94%), Established Equivalent+Pure Borrowing+Linguistic Amplification (1 time or
2.94%), Established Equivalent +Naturalized Borrowing+Reduction (1 time or 2.94%),
Established Equivalent +Naturalized Borrowing+Amplification (3 times or 8.82%),
Established Equivalent+Naturalized Borrowing+Linguistic Amplification (1 time or
2.94%), Established Equivalent+Naturalized Borrowing+Generalization (1 time or
2.94%), Established Equivalent +Calque+Literal Translation (1 time or 2.94%),
Established Equivalent+Naturalized Borrowing+Transposition+Reduction (1 time or
2.94%), Established Equivalent+Naturalized Borrowing+Pure Borrowing+Literal
Translation (1 time or 2.94%) Established Equivalent+Naturalized Borrowing+Pure
Borrowing+Generalization (1 time or 2.94%), Established Equivalent+Pure Borrowing
+Linguistic Amplification+Reduction (1 time or 2.94%), Established Equivalent+Pure
Borrowing+Amplification+Transposition (1 time or 2.94%), Established Equivalent
+Naturalized Borrowing+Amplification+Reduction (1 time or 2.94%), Established
Equivalent+Pure Borrowing+Modulation (1 time or 2.94%). In relation to the translation
quality of accuracy, out of 34 data, 23 or 67.65% are accurate, 10 data or 29.42% are less
accurate and 1 data or 2.94% are inaccurate. Out of 34 data, 19 data or 55.89% are
acceptable, 14 data or 41.17 % are less acceptable, and 1 data or 2.94% are unacceptable.
Out of 34 data, 27 data or 79.36% are readable, 6 data or 17.70% are less readable, and 1
data or 2.94% are unreadable. It shows that most data are well transferred.
The translator has resulted a good quality of translation. By applying the right
technique, the translator could transfer the message of the text well.
Keywords: translation technique, translation
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user instruction, online booking guide

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