48
,FMBT74.1.5T4FNFTUFS
2. Mengenal Jenis Lampu sesuai Kebutuhan
Sejarah lampu
4FKBSBIQFSLFNCBOHBOMBNQVCFSNVMBQBEBQVMVIBOBCBE ZBOHMBMVEBSJTVBUVQFOFNVBONBOVTJBZBOHNFNCVUVILBO
QFOFSBOHBO DBIBZB CVBUBO
VOUVL NBMBN IBSJ EFOHBO DBSB NFOHHPTPLHPTPLBOCBUVIJOHHBNFOHFMVBSLBOBQJ
LFNVEJBO
BQJEJHVOBLBONFNCBLBSCFOEBCFOEBZBOHNVEBINFOZBMB IJOHHBNFNCFOUVLTFLVNQVMBODBIBZB1FSLFNCBOHBOTFMBOKVUOZB
ZBJUV QFOFNVBO CBIBO CBLBS NJOZBL EBO HBT ZBOH EBQBU EJHVOBLBO TFCBHBJ CBIBO VOUVL NFOZBMBLBO MBNQV PCPS
MBNQVNJOZBLNBVQVOMBNQVHBT
5FLOPMPHJCFSLFNCBOHUFSVTEFOHBOEJUFNVLBOOZBMBNQV MJTUSJL4BNQBJTFLBSBOHBEBEVBPSBOHZBOHEJBOHHBQQBMJOH
CFSKBTB EBMBN QFOFNVBO MBNQV ZBJUV 5IPNBT EJTPO EBO +PTFQI 4XBO
LBSFOB QBEB TBBU CFSTBNBBO NFSFLB CFSIBTJM
NFNCVBU MBNQV ZBOH CFSCFEB 1SJOTJQ LFSKB EBSJ MBNQV QJKBSUFNVBO5IPNBTMQIBEJTPOQBEBUBOHHBM0LUPCFS
EJ MBCPSBUPSJVN EJTPO.FOMP 1BSL
NFSJLB BEBMBI BEBOZBIVCVOHBOTJOHLBUMJTUSJLQBEBGJMBNFO DBSCPO
ZBOH
NFOHBLJCBULBOUJNCVMOZBQBOBT
1BOBT ZBOH UFSKBEJ EJCVBU NFODBQBJ TVIV UFSUFOUV BHBS GJMBNFO DBSCPO UFSTFCVU CFSQJKBS EBO NFOHFMVBSLBO DBIBZB
FTBSOZB BSVT DBIBZB ZBOH EJIBTJMLBO QBEB TBBU JUV CBSV NFODBQBJ-VNFO8BUU -VNFOTBUVBOBSVTDBIBZB
-BNQV
ZBOH NFOHHVOBLBO UFLBOBO SFOEBI VOUVL NFOKBHB BHBS GJMBNFOUJEBL FSCBLBS
TFEBOHLBOZBOHEJCVBUPMFI4XBNZBJUV
NFOHHVOBLBOGJMBNFO LBSCPOZBOHCFSQJKBSKJLBEJMBMVJMJTUSJL CPMBMBNQVUJEBLTFQFOVIOZBIBNQBEBOPLTJHFOEJEBMBNOZB
CFHJUV TFEJLJU TFIJOHHB GJMBNFO EBQBU NFOKBEJ TBOHBU QBOBT UBOQBNFOJNCVMLBOMJEBIBQJ
-BNQVBEBMBITBMBITBUVBMBUQFOHVCBIFOFSHJMJTUSJLNFOKBEJ FOFSHJDBIBZB-BNQVNFSVQBLBOTBMBITBUVLFCVUVIBOSVNBI
UBOHHBZBOHUBLCPMFIEJMVQBLBO
LBSFOBUBOQBBEBOZBMBNQV TVBTBOBNFOKBEJHFMBQEBOCBILBOUFSMJIBUNFOZFSBNLBO4BBU
JOJCBOZBLCFSFEBSCFSCBHBJKFOJTMBNQVZBOHNFNJMJLJGVOHTJ TFSUBLFCVUVIBOZBOHCFSCFEBFSJLVUCFCFSBQBKFOJTMBNQV
ZBOHCJTBEJQJMJITFCBHBJQFOFSBOHEBOQFOHIJBTSVNBI
Di unduh dari : Bukupaket.com
49
,VSJLVMVN1SBLBSZB
a Lampu Hologen
-BNQV JOJ UFSCVBU EBSJ LBXBU UVOHTUFO EBO HBT ZBOH CFSGVOHTJVOUVLNFODJQUBLBOTJOBSZBOHLVBUJBTBOZBEJHVOBLBO
TFCBHBJMBNQVTPSPULBSFOBNBNQVNFOPOKPMLBOXBSOBIBNQJS TFNQVSOB
-BNQVIBMPHFOBEBLBOTFCVBIMBNQVQJKBSEJNBOBTFCVBI GJMBNFO XPMGSBNEJTFHFMEJEBMBNTBNQVMUSBOTQBSBOLPNQBL
ZBOHEJJTJEFOHBOHBTMFNCBNEBOTFEJLJUVOTVSIBMPHFOTFQFSUJ JPEJO BUBV CSPNJO 1VUBSBO IBMPHFO NFOBNCBI VNVS EBSJ
CPMBMBNQVEBONFODFHBIQFOHHFMBQBOLBDBTBNQVMEFOHBO NFOHBOHLBU TFSCVL XPMGSBN EBSJ CPMB MBNQV CBHJBO EBMBN
LFNCBMJ LF GJMBNFO -BNQV IBMPHFO EBQBU NFOHPQFSBTJLBO GJMBNFO ZBQBEBTVIVZBOHMFCJIUJOHHJEBSJMBNQVQJKBSCJBTB
UBOQB QFOHVSBOHBO VNVS -BNQV JOJ NFNCFSJLBO FGJTJFOT ZBOHMFCJIUJOHHJEBSJMBNQVQJKBSCJBTB MN8
EBOKVHB
NFNBODBSLBODBIBZBEFOHBOTVIVXBSOBZBOHMFCJIUJOHHJ
VOHTJEBSJIBMPHFOEBMBNMBNQVBEBMBIVOUVLNFNCBMJL SFBLTJLJNJBQFOHVBQBOXPMGSBNEBSJGJMBNFO BEBMBNQVQJKBS
CJBTB
TFSCVL XPMGSBN CJBTBOZB EJUJNCVO QBEB CPMB MBNQV 1VUBSBO IBMPHFO NFOKBHB CPMB MBNQV CFSTJI EBO LFMVBSBO
DBIBZBUFUBQLPOTUBOIBNQJSTFVNVSIJEVQ1BEBTVIVTFEBOH IBMPHFO CFSFBLTJ EFOHBO XPMGSBN ZBOH NFOHVBQ
IBMJEB
XPMGSBN 7
CSPNJO ZBOH UFSCFOUVL EJCBXB CFSQVUBS PMFI QFOHJTJHBTMFNCBN
1BEBTVBUVTBBUJOJBLBONFODBQBJEBFSBICFSTVIVUJOHHJ GJMBNFO ZBOHNFNJKBS
EJNBOBJOJBLBOCFSQJTBI
NFMFQBTLBO
XPMGSBNEBONFNCFCBTLBOIBMPHFOVOUVLNFOHVMBOHJQSPTFT 6OUVLNFNCVBUSFBLTJUFSTFCVU
TVIVLFTFMVSVIBOCPMBMBNQV
IBSVTMFCJIUJOHHJEBSJQBEBMBNQVQJKBSCJBTBPMBMBNQVIBSVT EJCVBUEBSJLVBSTBMFCVSBOBUBVHFMBTEFOHBOUJUJLMFCVSUJOHHJ
TFQFSUJBMVNJOB
,BSFOB HFMBT LVBSTB TBOHBU LVBU
UFLBOBO HBT EBQBU EJUJOHLBULBO
TFIJOHHBNFOHVSBOHJMBKVQFOHVBQBOEBSJGJMBNFO
NFNVOHLJOLBOVOUVLCFSPQFSBTJQBEBTVIVZBOHMFCJIUJOHHJ VOUVL VNVS ZBOH TBNB
TFIJOHHB NFOBNCBI FGJTJFOTJ EBO
LFMVBSBODBIBZB8PMGSBNZBOHEJVBQLBOEBSJCBHJBOGJMBNFO ZBOH MFCJI QBOBT UJEBL TFMBMV EJLFNCBMJLBO QBEB UFNQBUOZB
TFNVMB
KBEJCBHJBOUFSUFOUVEBSJGJMBNFO NFOKBEJTBOHBUUJQJT EBOBLIJSOZBHBHBM3FHFOFSBTJKVHBNVOHLJOEJMBLVLBOEFOHBO
GMVP JO
UFUBQJSFBLTJLJNJBOZBUFSMBMVLVBUTFIJOHHBCBHJBOMBJO EBSJCPMBMBNQVJLVUEJSFBLTJLBO
sumber :
XXXMBNQVUFNCBLDPN
Gambar 2.6 lampu halogen lampu sorot
Di unduh dari : Bukupaket.com
50
,FMBT74.1.5T4FNFTUFS
b Lampu LED Light Emitting Diode -BNQV JOJ TBOHBU IFNBU FOFSHJ EBO BNBO EJHVOBLBO
-BNQVJOJKVHBDPDPLEBONVEBIEJBQMJLBTJLBOEBMBNCFSCBHBJ EFTBJOSVNBILBSFOBCFOUVLOZBZBOHNJOJ
-BNQV QJOUBS - 8JJ 4NBSU -JHIU - 8JJ
BEBMBI TFCVBI UFLOPMPHJ OJSLBCFM ZBOH EJLFNCBOHLBO VOUVL EBQBU
NFOHJSJNLBOEBUBNFMBMVJQFSBOUBSBDBIBZBBOUJOZBDBIBZB EBSJTJOBSMBNQVZBOHEJQBODBSLBOEBSJ-BLBONFOHHBOUJLBO
UFLOPMPHJ TJOZBM SBEJP ZBOH EJHVOBLBO VOUVL NFOKBEJ KBMVS 8JJ5FLOPMPHJ JOJ EJBOHHBQ MFCJI BNBO EBSJQBEB UFLOPMPHJ
KBSJOHBO ZBOH BEB TBBU JOJ
IBM JOJ EJTFCBCLBO LBSFOB DBIBZB QVUJI EBSJ MBNQV UJEBL EBQBU NFOFNCVT QFSNVLBBO TFQFSUJ
EJOEJOH
TFIJOHHBEBQBUNFOHVSBOHJSJTJLPQFOZBEBQBOBUBV QFODVSJBOEBUB
-BNQV - KVHB NFOHLPOTVNTJ FOFSHJ ZBOH KBVI MFCJI TFEJLJU EBSJQBEB UFLOPMPHJ TFCFMVNOZB
IBM JOJ NFNCFSJLBO
SVBOHVOUVLNFOHFNCBOHLBOKBSJOHBOLPNVOJLBTJZBOHIFNBU CJBZB EBO NFOHVSBOHJ FNJTJ LBSCPO EBMBN KBOHLB QBOKBOH
4JTUFN LPNVOJLBTJ CFSCBTJT DBIBZB JOJ OBOUJOZB EJHVOBLBO KVHB VOUVL NFOZFEJBLBO LPOFLTJ JOUFSOFU VOUVL LPNQVUFS
1
QFOFSJNBBOUFMFWJTJEBOSBEJP
TBNCVOHBOUFMFQPOEBO LPOUSPMTVIVUIFSNPTUBU
4NBSU-JHIUBUBVMBNQV-8JGJQF UBNBLBMJEJLFNCBOHLBO PMFIJMNVXBOEJPTUPO6OJWFSTJUZPMMFHFPGOHJOFFSJOHQBEB
UBIVO
3FOTTFMBFS 1PMZUFDIOJD OTUJUVUF EJ5SPZ
:
EBO 6OJWFSTJUZPGFX.FYJDPKVHBJLVUCFSQBSUJTJQBTJEBMBNQSPZFL
JOJ
EJCBXBICBOUVBOBUJPOBM4DJFODFGPVOEBUJPO1FOFMJUJBO ZBOH EJQJNQJO PMFI QSPGFTTPS 5IPNBT -JUUMF JOJ CFSUVKVBO
VOUVLNFOHFNCBOHLBOUFLOPMPHJLPNVOJLBTJPQUJLZBOHBLBO NFNCVBUMBNQV-TFUBSBEFOHBOKBMVSBLTFT8JJ
8JJTFOEJSJBXBMOZBEJLFNCBOHLBOTFLFMPNQPLJOTJOZVS NFSJLB 4FSJLBU ZBOH CFLFSKB QBEB OTUJUVUF PG MFDUSJDBM BOE
MFDUSPOJTOHJOFFST
CFSEBTBSLBOTUBOEBSUFLOJTQFSBOHLBU CFSOPNPSC
BEBO
c Lampu Pijar
-BNQVJOJEJLFOBMKVHBEFOHBOMBNQViincandescentw-BNQV JOJBLBONFOZBMBKJLBBSVTMJTUSJLNFOHBMJSNFMBMVJLBXBUZBOH
UFSEBQBUEJEBMBNOZB
sumber :skemaelectronics.blogspot.com
Gambar 2.7 lampu LED
Di unduh dari : Bukupaket.com
51
,VSJLVMVN1SBLBSZB -BNQVQJKBSBEBMBITVNCFSDBIBZBCVBUBOZBOHEJIBTJMLBO
NFMBMVJQFOZBMVSBOBSVTMJTUSJLNFMBMVJGJMBNFO ZBOHLFNVEJBO NFNBOBTEBONFOHIBTJMLBODBIBZB,BDBZBOHNFOZFMVCVOHJ
GJMBNFOQBOBT FSTFCVUNFOHIBMBOHJVEBSBVOUVLCFSIVCVOHBO EFOHBOOZBTFIJOHHBGJMBNFO UJEBLBLBOMBOHTVOHSVTBLBLJCBU
UFSPLTJEBTJ
-BNQVQJKBSEJQBTBSLBOEBMBNCFSCBHBJNBDBNCFOUVLEBO UFSTFEJB VOUVL UFHBOHBO WPMUBTF
LFSKB ZBOH CFSWBSJBTJ EBSJ
NVMBJ
WPMUTBNQBJWPMUOFSHJMJTUSJLZBOHEJQFSMVLBO MBNQVQJKBSVOUVLNFOHIBTJMLBODBIBZBZBOHUFSBOHMFCJICFTBS
EJCBOEJOHLBO EFOHBO TVNCFS DBIBZB CVBUBO MBJOOZB TFQFSUJ MBNQVQFOEBSEBOEJPEFDBIBZB
NBLBTFDBSBCFSUBIBQQBEB
CFCFSBQBOFHBSBQFSFEBSBOMBNQVQJKBSNVMBJEJCBUBTJ
JTBNQJOHNFNBOGBBULBODBIBZBZBOHEJIBTJMLBO
CFCFSBQB QFOHHVOBBO MBNQV QJKBS MFCJI NFNBOGBBULBO QBOBT ZBOH
EJIBTJMLBO
DPOUPIOZB BEBMBI QFNBOBT LBOEBOH BZBN
EBO QFNBOBTJOGSBNFSBIEBMBNQSPTFTQFNBOBTBOEJCJEBOHJOEVTUSJ
1FOHFNCBOHBO MBNQV QJKBS TVEBI EJNVMBJ QBEB BXBM BCBE 99 4FKBSBI MBNQV QJKBS EBQBU UFMBI EJNVMBJ EFOHBO
EJUFNVLBOOZB UVNQVLBO WPMUB PMFI MFTTBOESP 7PMUB 1BEB UBIVO
4JSVNQISZBWZNFOVOKVLLBOCBIXBBSVTMJTUSJL
EBQBUNFNBOBTLBOTFVOUBJMPHBNUJQJTIJOHHBNFOZBMBQVUJI
,FNVEJBOQBEBUBIVO
8BSSFOFMB3VFNFSBODBOH TFCVBIMBNQVEFOHBODBSBNFOFNQBULBOTFCVBILVNQBSBO
MPHBNNVMJBQMBUJOBEJEBMBNTFCVBIUBCVOHMBMVNFOHBMJSLBO BSVT MJTUSJL NFMBMVJOZB BOZB TBKB
IBSHB MPHBN QMBUJOB ZBOH
TBOHBU UJOHHJ NFOHIBMBOHJ QFOEBZBHVOBBO QFOFNVBO JOJ MFCJI MBOKVU MFNFO LBSCPO KVHB TFNQBU EJHVOBLBO
OBNVO
LBSCPOEFOHBODFQBUEBQBUUFSPLTJEBTJEJVEBSB0MFILBSFOB JUV
KBXBCBOOZBBEBMBIEFOHBONFOFNQBULBOFMFNFOEBMBN
WBLVN
1BEB UBIVO BO
TFPSBOH QFOFNV CFSOBNB 5IPNBT MWBEJTPOEBSJ.FOMP1BSL
OFHBSBCBHJBOFX+FSTFZ
NFSJLB
4FSJLBU
NVMBJJLVUTFSUBEBMBNVTBIBNFSBODBOHMBNQVQJKBS FOHBO NFOHHVOBLBO FMFNFO QMBUJOB
EJTPO NFOEBQBULBO
QBUFOQFSUBNBOZBQBEBCVMBOQSJM3BODBOHBOJOJSFMBUJG UJEBL QSBLUJT OBNVO EJTPO UFUBQ CFSVTBIB NFODBSJ FMFNFO
MBJOZBOHEBQBUEJQBOBTLBOTFDBSBFLPOPNJTEBOFGJTJFO 1BEB UBIVO ZBOH TBNB
4JS +PTFQI8JMTPO 4XBO KVHB NFODJQUBLBO
MBNQVQJKBSZBOHEBQBUCFSUBIBOTFMBNB
KBN
sumber :id.wikipedia.org
Gambar 2.8 lampu pijar
Di unduh dari : Bukupaket.com
52
,FMBT74.1.5T4FNFTUFS 4FCBHJBOCFTBSGJMBNFO MBNQVQJKBSZBOHEJDJQUBLBOQBEB
TBBU JUV QVUVT EBMBN XBLUV ZBOH TBOHBU TJOHLBU TFIJOHHB UJEBL CFSBSUJ TFDBSB LPNFSTJBM 6OUVL NFOZFMFTBJLBO NBTBMBI
JOJ
EJTPO LFNCBMJ NFODPCB NFOHHVOBLBO VOUBJBO LBSCPO ZBOH EJUFNQBULBO EBMBN CPMB MBNQV IBNQB VEBSB IJOHHB
QBEBUBOHHBM0LUPCFSEJBCFSIBTJMNFOZBMBLBOMBNQV ZBOHNBNQVCFSUBIBOTFMBNBKBN
d Lampu Fluorescent -BNQVJOJCJBTBEJLFOBMEFOHBOMBNQV5- Tubular Lamp
LBSFOB NFNJMJLJ CFOUVL TFQFSUJ UBCVOH QBOKBOH MVSVT BUBV NFMFOHLVOH
-BNQVMVPSFTDFOUTBBUJOJTVEBITBOHBUMVBTQFOHHVOBBOOZB CBJL VOUVL QFOFSBOHBO SVNBI UJOHHBM NBVQVO JOEVTUSJ EBO
QFSLBOUPSBO-BNQVKFOJTJOJUFSNBTVLEBMBNLBUFHPSJ-BNQV FNBUOFSHJ -
GBLUPSVUBNBOZBZBJUVJOUFOTJUBTDBIBZBZBOH
EJLFMVBSLBO MFCJI UJOHHJ EBSJQBEB MBNQV QJKBS ODBOEFTDFOU -BNQ
EBMBNIJUVOHBOXBUUZBOHTBNB
8BSOB EBSJ MBNQV 5- JOJ CBOZBL KVHB NBDBNOZB TUJMBI ZBOHCJBTBLJUBUFNVLBOQBEBCVOHLVTMBNQVZBOHLJUBCFMJ
NFOFOUVLBOXBSOBEBOXBSOBZBOHEJLFMVBSLBOPMFIQSPEVTFO MBNQVFSJLVULBNJTBKJLBODPOUPIXBSOBMBNQV5-
BOUBSBMBJO
6OUVLLFVOUVOHBOMBNQV5-BEBMBITFCBHBJCFSJLVU B
GJ BTJ MVNFOQFSXBUU
UJOHHJ
C
XFU
VNVSMBNQVCJTBTBNQBJKBN EFOHBO BTVNTJMBNQVNFOZBMBKBNTFUJBQD
QFOZBMBBO
.BLJO TFSJOH EJIJEVQ NBBUJLBO
NBLJO QFOEFL VNVSMBNQV
D
FOUVL MBNQV ZBOH NFNBOKBOH NFOFSBOHJ BSFB MFCJIMVBTEFOHBODBIBZBCBVS
E
8BSOB DBIBZB ZBOH DFOEFSVOH QVUJI EJOHJO NFOHVOUVOHLBOVOUVLEBFSBIUSPQJTMFNCBCLBSFOB
TFDBSBQTJLPMPHJTBLBONFOZFKVLLBOSVBOHBO
sumber :blogtukanglistrik.blogspot.com
Gambar 2.9 Lampu Flourescent atau lampu TL
Di unduh dari : Bukupaket.com
53
,VSJLVMVN1SBLBSZB F
5FNQFSBUVSMBNQVMFCJISFOEBI
G
1SPEVLOZB CFSNBDBNNBDBN KFOJT
CFOUVL EBO XBSOBOZB
6OUVLLFMFNBIBOMBNQV5-TFCBHBJCFSJLVU B
BIBZBMBNQVUFSQFOHBSVIGSFLVFOTJKBMBKBMBMJTUSJL
C
.FNFSMVLBO XBLUV TBBU QFOZBMBBO MFCJI MBNB EBSJQBEBMBNQVQJKBS
6OUVL KFOJTKFOJT MBNQV GMVP FTDFOU ZBOH EJCFEBLBO EBSJ CFOUVLOZB
BOUBSBMBJO
-JOFBSGMVP FTDFOU -BNQV 5- QBOKBOH JUVMBI TFCBHJBO CFTBS PSBOH NFOZFCVU
MBNQV JOJ OJ BEBMBI MBNQV GMVP FTDFOU LMBTJL EBO NFOVSVU TFKBSBIOZB
MBNQVJOJEJQFSLFOBMLBOTFKBLUBIVO
PO-JOFBSGMVP FTDFOU +FOJT ZBOH TBUV JOJ CFOUVLOZB BEB ZBOH MJOHLBSBO
MFUUFSi6w
EBOBEBKVHBZBOHCFSCFOUVLQBOFMNPEVMTFQFSUJQBQBO
PNQBDUMVPSFTDFOU - -BNQV JOJ EJCBHJ EVB KFOJT MBHJ ZBLOJ TFMGCBMMBTUFE BUBV
CBMMBTUZBOHTVEBIUFSJOTUBMMEJEBMBNSBOHLBJBOMBNQVTFIJOHHB UJOHHBMQBLBJTFQFSUJZBOHTFLBSBOHCBOZBLLJUBKVNQBJTFCBHBJ
MBNQV4-ZBOHEBQBUMBOHTVOHEJQBTBOHQBEBGJUUJOHVMJSCJBTB 4BUVMBHJMBNQV-ZBOHIBSVTNFNBTBOHLBOEFOHBOCBMMBTU
TFOEJSJEBOGJUUJOH LIVTVTTFQFSUJMJOFBSGMVP FTDFOU5-OBNVO ZBOHTBUVJOJCFOUVLOZBTBOHBUSJOHLBTEBOLFDJM
Di unduh dari : Bukupaket.com
54
,FMBT74.1.5T4FNFTUFS
3. Membuat Lampu Alternatif pada Saat Mati Lampu