Mengenal Jenis Lampu sesuai Kebutuhan

48 ,FMBT74.1.5T4FNFTUFS

2. Mengenal Jenis Lampu sesuai Kebutuhan

Sejarah lampu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i unduh dari : Bukupaket.com 49 ,VSJLVMVN1SBLBSZB a Lampu Hologen -BNQV JOJ UFSCVBU EBSJ LBXBU UVOHTUFO EBO HBT ZBOH CFSGVOHTJVOUVLNFODJQUBLBOTJOBSZBOHLVBUJBTBOZBEJHVOBLBO TFCBHBJMBNQVTPSPULBSFOBNBNQVNFOPOKPMLBOXBSOBIBNQJS TFNQVSOB -BNQVIBMPHFOBEBLBOTFCVBIMBNQVQJKBSEJNBOBTFCVBI GJMBNFO XPMGSBNEJTFHFMEJEBMBNTBNQVMUSBOTQBSBOLPNQBL ZBOHEJJTJEFOHBOHBTMFNCBNEBOTFEJLJUVOTVSIBMPHFOTFQFSUJ JPEJO BUBV CSPNJO 1VUBSBO IBMPHFO NFOBNCBI VNVS EBSJ CPMBMBNQVEBONFODFHBIQFOHHFMBQBOLBDBTBNQVMEFOHBO NFOHBOHLBU TFSCVL XPMGSBN EBSJ CPMB MBNQV CBHJBO EBMBN LFNCBMJ LF GJMBNFO -BNQV IBMPHFO EBQBU NFOHPQFSBTJLBO GJMBNFO ZBQBEBTVIVZBOHMFCJIUJOHHJEBSJMBNQVQJKBSCJBTB UBOQB QFOHVSBOHBO VNVS -BNQV JOJ NFNCFSJLBO FGJTJFOT ZBOHMFCJIUJOHHJEBSJMBNQVQJKBSCJBTB MN8 EBOKVHB NFNBODBSLBODBIBZBEFOHBOTVIVXBSOBZBOHMFCJIUJOHHJ VOHTJEBSJIBMPHFOEBMBNMBNQVBEBMBIVOUVLNFNCBMJL SFBLTJLJNJBQFOHVBQBOXPMGSBNEBSJGJMBNFO BEBMBNQVQJKBS CJBTB TFSCVL XPMGSBN CJBTBOZB EJUJNCVO QBEB CPMB MBNQV 1VUBSBO IBMPHFO NFOKBHB CPMB MBNQV CFSTJI EBO LFMVBSBO DBIBZBUFUBQLPOTUBOIBNQJSTFVNVSIJEVQ1BEBTVIVTFEBOH IBMPHFO CFSFBLTJ EFOHBO XPMGSBN ZBOH NFOHVBQ IBMJEB XPMGSBN 7 CSPNJO ZBOH UFSCFOUVL EJCBXB CFSQVUBS PMFI QFOHJTJHBTMFNCBN 1BEBTVBUVTBBUJOJBLBONFODBQBJEBFSBICFSTVIVUJOHHJ GJMBNFO ZBOHNFNJKBS EJNBOBJOJBLBOCFSQJTBI NFMFQBTLBO XPMGSBNEBONFNCFCBTLBOIBMPHFOVOUVLNFOHVMBOHJQSPTFT 6OUVLNFNCVBUSFBLTJUFSTFCVU TVIVLFTFMVSVIBOCPMBMBNQV IBSVTMFCJIUJOHHJEBSJQBEBMBNQVQJKBSCJBTBPMBMBNQVIBSVT EJCVBUEBSJLVBSTBMFCVSBOBUBVHFMBTEFOHBOUJUJLMFCVSUJOHHJ TFQFSUJBMVNJOB ,BSFOB HFMBT LVBSTB TBOHBU LVBU UFLBOBO HBT EBQBU EJUJOHLBULBO TFIJOHHBNFOHVSBOHJMBKVQFOHVBQBOEBSJGJMBNFO NFNVOHLJOLBOVOUVLCFSPQFSBTJQBEBTVIVZBOHMFCJIUJOHHJ VOUVL VNVS ZBOH TBNB TFIJOHHB NFOBNCBI FGJTJFOTJ EBO LFMVBSBODBIBZB8PMGSBNZBOHEJVBQLBOEBSJCBHJBOGJMBNFO ZBOH MFCJI QBOBT UJEBL TFMBMV EJLFNCBMJLBO QBEB UFNQBUOZB TFNVMB KBEJCBHJBOUFSUFOUVEBSJGJMBNFO NFOKBEJTBOHBUUJQJT EBOBLIJSOZBHBHBM3FHFOFSBTJKVHBNVOHLJOEJMBLVLBOEFOHBO GMVP JO UFUBQJSFBLTJLJNJBOZBUFSMBMVLVBUTFIJOHHBCBHJBOMBJO EBSJCPMBMBNQVJLVUEJSFBLTJLBO sumber : XXXMBNQVUFNCBLDPN Gambar 2.6 lampu halogen lampu sorot Di unduh dari : Bukupaket.com 50 ,FMBT74.1.5T4FNFTUFS b Lampu LED Light Emitting Diode -BNQV JOJ TBOHBU IFNBU FOFSHJ EBO BNBO EJHVOBLBO -BNQVJOJKVHBDPDPLEBONVEBIEJBQMJLBTJLBOEBMBNCFSCBHBJ EFTBJOSVNBILBSFOBCFOUVLOZBZBOHNJOJ -BNQV QJOUBS - 8JJ 4NBSU -JHIU - 8JJ BEBMBI TFCVBI UFLOPMPHJ OJSLBCFM ZBOH EJLFNCBOHLBO VOUVL EBQBU NFOHJSJNLBOEBUBNFMBMVJQFSBOUBSBDBIBZBBOUJOZBDBIBZB EBSJTJOBSMBNQVZBOHEJQBODBSLBOEBSJ-BLBONFOHHBOUJLBO UFLOPMPHJ TJOZBM SBEJP ZBOH EJHVOBLBO VOUVL NFOKBEJ KBMVS 8JJ5FLOPMPHJ JOJ EJBOHHBQ MFCJI BNBO EBSJQBEB UFLOPMPHJ KBSJOHBO ZBOH BEB TBBU JOJ IBM JOJ EJTFCBCLBO LBSFOB DBIBZB QVUJI EBSJ MBNQV UJEBL EBQBU NFOFNCVT QFSNVLBBO TFQFSUJ EJOEJOH TFIJOHHBEBQBUNFOHVSBOHJSJTJLPQFOZBEBQBOBUBV QFODVSJBOEBUB -BNQV - KVHB NFOHLPOTVNTJ FOFSHJ ZBOH KBVI MFCJI TFEJLJU EBSJQBEB UFLOPMPHJ TFCFMVNOZB IBM JOJ NFNCFSJLBO SVBOHVOUVLNFOHFNCBOHLBOKBSJOHBOLPNVOJLBTJZBOHIFNBU CJBZB EBO NFOHVSBOHJ FNJTJ LBSCPO EBMBN KBOHLB QBOKBOH 4JTUFN LPNVOJLBTJ CFSCBTJT DBIBZB JOJ OBOUJOZB EJHVOBLBO KVHB VOUVL NFOZFEJBLBO LPOFLTJ JOUFSOFU VOUVL LPNQVUFS 1 QFOFSJNBBOUFMFWJTJEBOSBEJP TBNCVOHBOUFMFQPOEBO LPOUSPMTVIVUIFSNPTUBU 4NBSU-JHIUBUBVMBNQV-8JGJQF UBNBLBMJEJLFNCBOHLBO PMFIJMNVXBOEJPTUPO6OJWFSTJUZPMMFHFPGOHJOFFSJOHQBEB UBIVO 3FOTTFMBFS 1PMZUFDIOJD OTUJUVUF EJ5SPZ : EBO 6OJWFSTJUZPGFX.FYJDPKVHBJLVUCFSQBSUJTJQBTJEBMBNQSPZFL JOJ EJCBXBICBOUVBOBUJPOBM4DJFODFGPVOEBUJPO1FOFMJUJBO ZBOH EJQJNQJO PMFI QSPGFTTPS 5IPNBT -JUUMF JOJ CFSUVKVBO VOUVLNFOHFNCBOHLBOUFLOPMPHJLPNVOJLBTJPQUJLZBOHBLBO NFNCVBUMBNQV-TFUBSBEFOHBOKBMVSBLTFT8JJ 8JJTFOEJSJBXBMOZBEJLFNCBOHLBOTFLFMPNQPLJOTJOZVS NFSJLB 4FSJLBU ZBOH CFLFSKB QBEB OTUJUVUF PG MFDUSJDBM BOE MFDUSPOJTOHJOFFST CFSEBTBSLBOTUBOEBSUFLOJTQFSBOHLBU CFSOPNPSC BEBO c Lampu Pijar -BNQVJOJEJLFOBMKVHBEFOHBOMBNQViincandescentw-BNQV JOJBLBONFOZBMBKJLBBSVTMJTUSJLNFOHBMJSNFMBMVJLBXBUZBOH UFSEBQBUEJEBMBNOZB sumber :skemaelectronics.blogspot.com Gambar 2.7 lampu LED Di unduh dari : Bukupaket.com 51 ,VSJLVMVN1SBLBSZB -BNQVQJKBSBEBMBITVNCFSDBIBZBCVBUBOZBOHEJIBTJMLBO NFMBMVJQFOZBMVSBOBSVTMJTUSJLNFMBMVJGJMBNFO ZBOHLFNVEJBO NFNBOBTEBONFOHIBTJMLBODBIBZB,BDBZBOHNFOZFMVCVOHJ GJMBNFOQBOBT FSTFCVUNFOHIBMBOHJVEBSBVOUVLCFSIVCVOHBO EFOHBOOZBTFIJOHHBGJMBNFO UJEBLBLBOMBOHTVOHSVTBLBLJCBU UFSPLTJEBTJ -BNQVQJKBSEJQBTBSLBOEBMBNCFSCBHBJNBDBNCFOUVLEBO UFSTFEJB VOUVL UFHBOHBO WPMUBTF LFSKB ZBOH CFSWBSJBTJ EBSJ NVMBJ WPMUTBNQBJWPMUOFSHJMJTUSJLZBOHEJQFSMVLBO MBNQVQJKBSVOUVLNFOHIBTJMLBODBIBZBZBOHUFSBOHMFCJICFTBS EJCBOEJOHLBO EFOHBO TVNCFS DBIBZB CVBUBO MBJOOZB TFQFSUJ MBNQVQFOEBSEBOEJPEFDBIBZB NBLBTFDBSBCFSUBIBQQBEB CFCFSBQBOFHBSBQFSFEBSBOMBNQVQJKBSNVMBJEJCBUBTJ JTBNQJOHNFNBOGBBULBODBIBZBZBOHEJIBTJMLBO CFCFSBQB QFOHHVOBBO MBNQV QJKBS MFCJI NFNBOGBBULBO QBOBT ZBOH EJIBTJMLBO DPOUPIOZB BEBMBI QFNBOBT LBOEBOH BZBN EBO QFNBOBTJOGSBNFSBIEBMBNQSPTFTQFNBOBTBOEJCJEBOHJOEVTUSJ 1FOHFNCBOHBO MBNQV QJKBS TVEBI EJNVMBJ QBEB BXBM BCBE 99 4FKBSBI MBNQV QJKBS EBQBU UFMBI EJNVMBJ EFOHBO EJUFNVLBOOZB UVNQVLBO WPMUB PMFI MFTTBOESP 7PMUB 1BEB UBIVO 4JSVNQISZBWZNFOVOKVLLBOCBIXBBSVTMJTUSJL EBQBUNFNBOBTLBOTFVOUBJMPHBNUJQJTIJOHHBNFOZBMBQVUJI ,FNVEJBOQBEBUBIVO 8BSSFOFMB3VFNFSBODBOH TFCVBIMBNQVEFOHBODBSBNFOFNQBULBOTFCVBILVNQBSBO MPHBNNVMJBQMBUJOBEJEBMBNTFCVBIUBCVOHMBMVNFOHBMJSLBO BSVT MJTUSJL NFMBMVJOZB BOZB TBKB IBSHB MPHBN QMBUJOB ZBOH TBOHBU UJOHHJ NFOHIBMBOHJ QFOEBZBHVOBBO QFOFNVBO JOJ MFCJI MBOKVU MFNFO LBSCPO KVHB TFNQBU EJHVOBLBO OBNVO LBSCPOEFOHBODFQBUEBQBUUFSPLTJEBTJEJVEBSB0MFILBSFOB JUV KBXBCBOOZBBEBMBIEFOHBONFOFNQBULBOFMFNFOEBMBN WBLVN 1BEB UBIVO BO TFPSBOH QFOFNV CFSOBNB 5IPNBT MWBEJTPOEBSJ.FOMP1BSL OFHBSBCBHJBOFX+FSTFZ NFSJLB 4FSJLBU NVMBJJLVUTFSUBEBMBNVTBIBNFSBODBOHMBNQVQJKBS FOHBO NFOHHVOBLBO FMFNFO QMBUJOB EJTPO NFOEBQBULBO QBUFOQFSUBNBOZBQBEBCVMBOQSJM3BODBOHBOJOJSFMBUJG UJEBL QSBLUJT OBNVO EJTPO UFUBQ CFSVTBIB NFODBSJ FMFNFO MBJOZBOHEBQBUEJQBOBTLBOTFDBSBFLPOPNJTEBOFGJTJFO 1BEB UBIVO ZBOH TBNB 4JS +PTFQI8JMTPO 4XBO KVHB NFODJQUBLBO MBNQVQJKBSZBOHEBQBUCFSUBIBOTFMBNB KBN sumber :id.wikipedia.org Gambar 2.8 lampu pijar Di unduh dari : Bukupaket.com 52 ,FMBT74.1.5T4FNFTUFS 4FCBHJBOCFTBSGJMBNFO MBNQVQJKBSZBOHEJDJQUBLBOQBEB TBBU JUV QVUVT EBMBN XBLUV ZBOH TBOHBU TJOHLBU TFIJOHHB UJEBL CFSBSUJ TFDBSB LPNFSTJBM 6OUVL NFOZFMFTBJLBO NBTBMBI JOJ EJTPO LFNCBMJ NFODPCB NFOHHVOBLBO VOUBJBO LBSCPO ZBOH EJUFNQBULBO EBMBN CPMB MBNQV IBNQB VEBSB IJOHHB QBEBUBOHHBM0LUPCFSEJBCFSIBTJMNFOZBMBLBOMBNQV ZBOHNBNQVCFSUBIBOTFMBNBKBN d Lampu Fluorescent -BNQVJOJCJBTBEJLFOBMEFOHBOMBNQV5- Tubular Lamp LBSFOB NFNJMJLJ CFOUVL TFQFSUJ UBCVOH QBOKBOH MVSVT BUBV NFMFOHLVOH -BNQVMVPSFTDFOUTBBUJOJTVEBITBOHBUMVBTQFOHHVOBBOOZB CBJL VOUVL QFOFSBOHBO SVNBI UJOHHBM NBVQVO JOEVTUSJ EBO QFSLBOUPSBO-BNQVKFOJTJOJUFSNBTVLEBMBNLBUFHPSJ-BNQV FNBUOFSHJ - GBLUPSVUBNBOZBZBJUVJOUFOTJUBTDBIBZBZBOH EJLFMVBSLBO MFCJI UJOHHJ EBSJQBEB MBNQV QJKBS ODBOEFTDFOU -BNQ EBMBNIJUVOHBOXBUUZBOHTBNB 8BSOB EBSJ MBNQV 5- JOJ CBOZBL KVHB NBDBNOZB TUJMBI ZBOHCJBTBLJUBUFNVLBOQBEBCVOHLVTMBNQVZBOHLJUBCFMJ NFOFOUVLBOXBSOBEBOXBSOBZBOHEJLFMVBSLBOPMFIQSPEVTFO MBNQVFSJLVULBNJTBKJLBODPOUPIXBSOBMBNQV5- BOUBSBMBJO 6OUVLLFVOUVOHBOMBNQV5-BEBMBITFCBHBJCFSJLVU B GJ BTJ MVNFOQFSXBUU UJOHHJ C XFU VNVSMBNQVCJTBTBNQBJKBN EFOHBO BTVNTJMBNQVNFOZBMBKBNTFUJBQD QFOZBMBBO .BLJO TFSJOH EJIJEVQ NBBUJLBO NBLJO QFOEFL VNVSMBNQV D FOUVL MBNQV ZBOH NFNBOKBOH NFOFSBOHJ BSFB MFCJIMVBTEFOHBODBIBZBCBVS E 8BSOB DBIBZB ZBOH DFOEFSVOH QVUJI EJOHJO NFOHVOUVOHLBOVOUVLEBFSBIUSPQJTMFNCBCLBSFOB TFDBSBQTJLPMPHJTBLBONFOZFKVLLBOSVBOHBO sumber :blogtukanglistrik.blogspot.com Gambar 2.9 Lampu Flourescent atau lampu TL Di unduh dari : Bukupaket.com 53 ,VSJLVMVN1SBLBSZB F 5FNQFSBUVSMBNQVMFCJISFOEBI G 1SPEVLOZB CFSNBDBNNBDBN KFOJT CFOUVL EBO XBSOBOZB 6OUVLLFMFNBIBOMBNQV5-TFCBHBJCFSJLVU B BIBZBMBNQVUFSQFOHBSVIGSFLVFOTJKBMBKBMBMJTUSJL C .FNFSMVLBO XBLUV TBBU QFOZBMBBO MFCJI MBNB EBSJQBEBMBNQVQJKBS 6OUVL KFOJTKFOJT MBNQV GMVP FTDFOU ZBOH EJCFEBLBO EBSJ CFOUVLOZB BOUBSBMBJO -JOFBSGMVP FTDFOU -BNQV 5- QBOKBOH JUVMBI TFCBHJBO CFTBS PSBOH NFOZFCVU MBNQV JOJ OJ BEBMBI MBNQV GMVP FTDFOU LMBTJL EBO NFOVSVU TFKBSBIOZB MBNQVJOJEJQFSLFOBMLBOTFKBLUBIVO PO-JOFBSGMVP FTDFOU +FOJT ZBOH TBUV JOJ CFOUVLOZB BEB ZBOH MJOHLBSBO MFUUFSi6w EBOBEBKVHBZBOHCFSCFOUVLQBOFMNPEVMTFQFSUJQBQBO PNQBDUMVPSFTDFOU - -BNQV JOJ EJCBHJ EVB KFOJT MBHJ ZBLOJ TFMGCBMMBTUFE BUBV CBMMBTUZBOHTVEBIUFSJOTUBMMEJEBMBNSBOHLBJBOMBNQVTFIJOHHB UJOHHBMQBLBJTFQFSUJZBOHTFLBSBOHCBOZBLLJUBKVNQBJTFCBHBJ MBNQV4-ZBOHEBQBUMBOHTVOHEJQBTBOHQBEBGJUUJOHVMJSCJBTB 4BUVMBHJMBNQV-ZBOHIBSVTNFNBTBOHLBOEFOHBOCBMMBTU TFOEJSJEBOGJUUJOH LIVTVTTFQFSUJMJOFBSGMVP FTDFOU5-OBNVO ZBOHTBUVJOJCFOUVLOZBTBOHBUSJOHLBTEBOLFDJM Di unduh dari : Bukupaket.com 54 ,FMBT74.1.5T4FNFTUFS

3. Membuat Lampu Alternatif pada Saat Mati Lampu