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CHAPTER III METHODOLOGY
In this chapter, the researcher provides the method used in conducting the research. The detailed explanation of the methodology is presented into six
sections: research method, research participant, research setting, instrument and data gathering technique, data analysis technique, and research procedures.
A. Research Method
Considering that this research presents the students’ perception on student-
teacher consultation and what the influences of the student-teacher consultation, this research belongs to qualitative research. As stated by Ary and Jacobs 2010,
“qualitative research deals with interpret human action, institutions, events, costumes and the like
” p. 421. In addition, Johnson and Christensen 2012 stated that qualitative research tends to rely on non-numerical data and the type of
research is exploration or discovery. Thus, the results of this study will be described. The product of qualitative research is usually a narrative report that full
of description to show the data result. Furthermore, since the study used qualitative research as an approach,
survey research was used to get the adequate data. Survey research is non- experimental research method based on a questionnaire and an interview Johnson
Christensen, 2012. The purpose of the survey is to collect data from people opinion about specific issue. In this case, the issue is about the implementation of
student-teacher consultation in AEW course. From the survey research, personal
27 interview was used to complete the data result or the information that was needed
and in order to find the validity of the data from the questionnaire.
B. Research Participants
The target of the population was all the students from semester five who took Academic Essay Writing course, class F, in the English Language Education
Study Program of Sanata Dharma University. This research focused on the Academic Essay Writing AEW students as the target of the population because
they were taught to write an academic essay and they learned to do research. They were expected to write essays in particular focuses of the study such as literature,
linguistics, and language teaching. Each student of AEW course had chances to determine hisher own
focus of the study to be written. This essay is going to train the students to write a thesis for the next semester. In order to guide the students in their writing process,
the lecturer gave chances for them to have the consultation. Thus, this research selected all the students who deal with the consultation to help them to finish their
writing project. The researcher engaged all the students in AEW class. There were thirty students who participated to answer questionnaire and five students who
participated the interview section. In order to get a supporting data, the researcher also interviewed the lecturer.
C. Research Setting
This research was conducted in Sanata Dharma University, especially in AEW course in class F at English Language Education Study Program of Faculty
28 of Teachers Training and Education. It was conducted in semester 5 because
AEW course was held in this semester. This research dealt with survey research in the classroom and library.
D. Instrument and Data Gathering Technique
This section deals with the research instrument and technique which are used in this study to collect the data. The instrument which was used in this
research, namely, questionnaire and interview which enable the researcher to gather the data. The questionnaire was used to obtain the data from the
appropriate and qualified respondents. Then, the interview was used to ensure and to recheck respondents’ answer in the questionnaire.
1. Questionnaire
The questionnaire which was used to collect the data was in the form of statements which had scales in each statement to measure the frequency of the
agreement. The statements were written in English. The scale that was used to complete the questionnaire was Likert scale. As stated by to Brown and Rodgers
2002, Likert scale was generally useful for getting on the respondents’ views,
judgments, or opinion about any side of the language learning and teaching. The
frequencies of scale that were used in questionnaire were strongly agree SA, agree A, disagree D and strongly disagree SD. The researcher provided
number for each frequency: 1 for SD, 2 for D, 3 for A and 4 for SA. There were
25 questions in the questionnaire and it was divided into two parts. The first part was close-ended, with 20 questions. The second part was open-ended and there
were 5 questions. Thus, the respondents gave sign to response by circling the
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