23 come from the teacher and the writing project. The teacher gives feedback as the
stimuli for student’s writing and the student has hisher own writing product that should be improved as the stimulus for them to do consultation.
b. The Factors of Perception
Perception is influenced by the stimuli that come from the environment. There are three factors
that influence individual’s perception stated by Robbins 2001 in his book Organizational Behavior.
1 The Perceiver
Perception is influenced by the personal characteristic of the individual perceiver. The characteristics that affect perception are attitudes, motives, interest,
experience and expectation. Attitude means how someone gives responses to the reality based on their perception. Motive refers
to the students’ needs to the reality. Interest refers to situation which is faced by someone will differentiate
perception itself. Then, experience influences someone perception because an event that has never been experienced are more noticeable than an event that has
ever been experienced. The last is expectation. Someone tends to perceive that their expectations sometimes will not be the same as the reality.
2 Target
Characteristics of the target can affect what is perceived by someone. The characteristics are motion, sound, size and shape. Then the relationship between
the characteristics of the target and the background influences perception because the characteristics cannot be separated each other.
24
3 Situation
The situation around the environment also influences the perception. The context of the situation in which the objects or event can be seen is important. The
situation refers to the time, location or work setting, and social setting of the event. The situation in class can influence the students
’ feeling during the learning process.
B. Theoretical Framework
In conducting the research, the researcher uses the basic theories of writing proficiency, academic essay writing, student-teacher consultation and perception.
Since this study is related to the writing proficiency, the basic theories of writing proficiency from Hyland and Brown are used to identify the requirements of a
good writing. The theories of the criteria of writing proficiency are asked in questionnaire to identify kinds of criteria that are already achieved by the students
through consultation. These are the criteria of writing proficiency which is provided in questionnaire.
Table 2.1 The Criteria of Writing Proficiency
Hyland 2003 Content of Writing
Event, significant, and personal comment on event.
Structure Chronological order and reorientation.
Language Usage Language
control, diction,
application grammar.
Brown 2004 Punctuation.
