Background of the Study

the movie breaking the rules of Cooperative Principle. It happens when some characters do it to provoke the other characters to look for implicatures behind their utterances. Therefore, maxim flouting is the one which appears most. There are some problems that deal with maxim flouting. They are types and strategies of maxim flouting which can be found in the movie. Types of maxim flouting concern the way the characters of the movie break the rules of Cooperative Principle. Some types of maxim flouting are quantity maxim flouting, quality maxim flouting, relation maxim flouting, and manner maxim flouting. Types of maxim flouting are used by either a speaker or a listener as the way to classify hisher different interpretations when she is talking about something in conversation. Then, the next problems deal with strategies of maxim flouting. Some strategies are used to flout the maxim of cooperative principle in a certain purpose, such as overstatement, metaphor, hyperbole, irony, and etc. For instance, a speaker may flout the maxim of quantity by using understatement strategy to stress something or to make intended meaning clear. A speaker is also considered to flout the maxim of quality, maxim of relation and maxim of manner by using some strategies such as metaphor, changing the topic, and being obscure to deliver specific purpose. Shortly, it can be said that the purposes of maxim flouting cannot be separated from the strategies of the flouting. In order to limit the scope of this research, the researcher focuses on maxim flouting. Furthermore, the limitation is based on the characte rs‟ utterances which contain maxim flouting proposed by Grice as the data. In accordance with the limitation, the formulations of the problem are generated as follows. 1. What are the types of maxim flouting performed by the characters in This Boy ’s Life movie, and 2. What are the strategies of maxim flouting performed by the characters in This Boy ’s Life movie.

C. Objectives of the Study

In accordance with the background of the study, the objectives of the study are. 1. to describe the types of maxim flouting performed by the characters in This Boy ’s Life movie, and 2. to describe the strategies of maxim flouting performed by the characters in This Boy ’s Life movie. D. Significance of the Study Based on the objectives of the research, theoretical and practical contributions are expected from the findings to the followings: 1. Theoretical Contribution This research is expected to give information or additional knowledge on linguistic research and to enrich the specific knowledge in maxim flouting. 2. Practical Contribution a. Student of English Language and Literature This research is expected to be useful for Student of English Literature as the appropriate references in studying Pragmatics especially maxim flouting since it provides the description of the types and strategies of maxim flouting proposed by Grice. b. Other researchers For the other researchers, hopefully this research can motivate and inspire them to conduct other research concerning maxim flouting.

CHAPTER II LITERATURE REVIEW AND CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

A. Literature Review

This chapter presents discussion of all literatures related to the research. The discussion include Pragmatics, Topics of Discussion in Pragmatics, Grice ‟s theory of Cooperative Principle, Observance and Non- Observance of Maxim, Types of Maxim Flouting, Strategies of Maxim Flouting, and This Boy ’s Life Movie, which was the object of the research.

1. Pragmatics

Many linguists have their own interpretations about pragmatics. Therefore, there are some different definitions of pragmatics. According to Yule 1996:3, pragmatics is the study of the aspects of meaning in a particular context. As the study of the aspect of meaning, pragmatics concerns more with the analysis of speakers ‟ intended meaning rather than what the words or phrases which they uttered. Since pragmatics also involves the interpretation of what speakers mean in a certain context, pragmatics can be defined as the study of contextual meaning. In accordance with Yule, Mey 1993:6 states that pragmatics, as the study of the way humans use their language in communication, is based on the 8