Community-Resource-Government-Market linkages indore surat vulnerability and risk assessment report

ACCCRN – City Vulnerability Assessment Report 32 Financial powers rest with various authorities of the Municipal Corporation. Conditions have been laid down for the authority to exercise the powers and this has been described through an official noting from the Government year 2005. The CDP report highlights certain issues pertaining to the Deliberative Wing, Executive Wing and key financial autonomy issues. Key issues are summarized below: 1. Inadequate coordination between Mayor-in-Council, Advisory CommitteesGeneral Body and Wards Committee. 2. There have been occasions where there has been no consensus among the General Body and the Mayor-in-Council regarding city-wide development projects aimed at improving the delivery of civic services. 3. No adequate administrative and financial powers have been delegated to the Ward Committees. Besides there is inadequate deployment of the staff in zonal offices thus making it difficult for effective project identification, budget preparation and execution of the tasks. 4. Several key senior posts were lying vacant and they remain to be filled with appropriate qualifiedexperienced personnel. 5. Municipal Commissioner has a large span of control on the activities. All departments and section heads report to the Municipal Commissioner thereby hampering effective supervision and control. 6. Individuals working in various portfolio of the organization are loaded with functions of varied nature thereby hampering the regular tasks. 7. Decentralization has not been based on a reorganization plan. Piecemeal efforts have been undertaken without devolving the roles. 8. Inadequate coordination between various departments of the corporation. 9. No feedback and monitoring system in regard to capital expenditure proposal that are sanctioned by the competent authorities. 10. Inadequate manpower and infrastructure support to execute decentralized functions. 11. Officers at zonal level don’t possess adequate financial and execution powers. 12. Absence of effective systemplan for communication of transactions between zonal offices and central office. Officers at Zone level are dispenser of higher-level authority orders. The CDP report points out key financial autonomy issues. The report highlights that the limitations of IMC is coming more and more to light against the background of inadequacy of finances for serving the needs of serving urban communities. With the level of revenue and expenditure, even obligatory functions are being inadequately performed. IMC is reluctant or unable to tax people for the services and poor administrative capacity at the local level account for poor financial situation.

4.7 Community-Resource-Government-Market linkages

Indore city presents a diverse picture of; high and growing dependency on external water resources, community faced with perpetual shortages of water, poorly performing sewerage, drainage and solid waste collection systems, and emerging market to fill the service gap not catered by the ULB. The systemic problem in each of the nodes is evident by continued nonperformance of the services and weak uncoordinated reaction from the communities and ACCCRN – City Vulnerability Assessment Report 33 patronage system trying to manage the process. Some of the strengths and weaknesses of the three important stakeholders are presented in the Annexure D. The linkage between the community and government ULB is weak resulting in communities attempting to cope with the status quo and deteriorating situations. Despite annual water scarcity reaching the emergency levels, the investments towards leakage reduction, that can provide additional water to the taps, is not administered. The communities have been passive most of the time but resort to violent protests during peak crisis. They have accepted alternate day supply for granted. Under the prevailing institutional environment, the line department based formal grievance redressal system is giving way to informal systems. The government market linkages are also weak as evidenced by delay in PPP projects for solid waste collection and sewage treatment systems. These projects have failed to take off mainly due to controversies and negative media exposure. The community has resorted to markets to satisfy their needs through bore well drillers, private tankers, informal solid waste collection systems and water purification systems. In spite of this linkage growing stronger, markets are unable to provide quality services due to growing scarcity of local resources. The community to resource linkage was strong when the city was small, with extensive use of surface and shallow groundwater sources. The urban growth and resultant increase in demand has mostly severed this linkage except ground water resources, which are increasingly becoming scarce and costlier. FIG. 4 : LINKAGES SHOWING RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN RESOURCES, MARKET, COMMUNITY AND GOVERNMENT Source: TARU analysis, 2010 ACCCRN – City Vulnerability Assessment Report 34

4.8 Climate change Scenarios for Indore