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CHAPTER III
METHODS OF INVESTIGATION
To persuade the objectives of the study, the writer applies the following methodologies which are partitioned into nine sections: 1 Research Design, 2
Setting of the Study 3 Subject of The Study 4 Instruments for Collecting Data 5 Method of Data Collection 6 Procedures of The Study 7 Method of
Analyzing the Data. The descriptions of them can be seen as follows:
3.1 Research Design
There are some definitions of action research stated by some experts. Mills 2000:6 states that “action research is any systematic inquiry conducted by
teacher researchers, principals, school counselors, or other stake holders in teaching learning environment to gather information about the ways that their
particular schools operate how they teach, and how well their students learn”. Wallace 1998:13 states that “it is a kind of research which is done
systematically in collecting the data on the lesson and analyzing it in order to come to some decision about what the future lesson should be”. The research
began with the problems that arose in the teaching cycle, and with the recognition of finding a new strategy to overcome those problems by giving treatment to a
group of students who face the problems.
From the definitions above, I conclude that action research is an action in a research which is done by the teacher, researcher, and the teacher with his her
colleague, etc in his her classroom systematically through hisher reflection to solve the problem faced by the students and which involves a group of students
with the purpose of improving teaching learning process so that the result of the students improve as well.
Some phases need to be taken in doing this research. The phases in action research mean discussing the way to conduct an action research. According to
Mills 2000:35, “A cycle consists of four phases. They are planning, acting, observing, and r
eflecting”. The phases which are carried out are presented as follows:
1. Planning
Plan means to identify the problem area. It is conducted before the researcher starts her action research. This plan is used during the
research in every cycle and revised based on the improvement of the students.
2. Acting
This phase is the implementation of the planning. It means that the researcher implemented the plan that heshe has made to solve the
problems. In this case, the implementation is in the form of treatment, which is given to the students in every cycle.
3. Observing
The observation is done during the research in purpose of getting any data to show students‟ condition while research is conducted to
analyze whether the solution was successful or not. 4.
Reflecting The next step is assessing the result of the action treatment and
observation for the purpose of revising and implementing it in the next cycle.
In one cycle of an action research there are four phases that have to be done, they are planning, acting, observing, and reflecting. In this study, I planned
to conduct two cycles. It means that if the target was not achieved yet in cycle 1, the next cycle must be conducted after revising plan.
3.2 Setting of the Study
