CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION
Chapter one consists of five parts. They are background of the study, objectives of the study, problem formulation, benefits of the study, and definition
of terms. The background of the study explains some reasons underlying the basis for writing on the topic. The second section talks about the objectives of the study
to answer the problem formulation. The third one is problem formulation, which gives general description of the problem that will be analyzed in this study. The
fourth part is the benefits of the study. Finally, description of terms explains meaning of some important terms related to the study.
1.1 Background of the Study
Human beings have many needs to be pursued, for example they need food, water, house to live in. If people can fulfill their basis needs, they move to the
higher level of needs. It is common when people do actions to fulfill the needs, difficulties emerge. To be successful in passing difficulties, someone must have a
strong willingness to do actions. The strong willingness underlying the actions is called motivations.
A literary work such as a novel reflects the reality of life. Lynch and Warner say that novels offer a detail and general representation of everyday life. The story
of novel more or less illustrates the reality of life. Motivation is a phenomenon which is realistic and deals with life situations and off course, it can be presented
in a novel because a novel presents the reality of life. Therefore, it can be said that
1 PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
a novel can represent motivation because motivation is real in daily life. Moreover, the novel used in this study is based on true story.
One of the novels represents someone’s motivation is the novel Into The Wild. The novel tells the story of a young man who has strong motivations to go
to Alaska. The major character, Christopher Johnson McCandless, has some motivations in order to be persistent in living off the land in Alaska. According to
Abrams, character’s motivation is portrayed from their speech and actions and presented through their temperament, desires, and the moral nature.
I was interested in reading the novel after watching “Oprah Winfrey Show” on the television. Chris’s parents and sister came to this show to tell much about
Chris’s life. When I read the novel Into The Wild, I was interested in Chris McCandless’s experiences of having motivations to live off the land in Alaska. It
was because Chris donated his college fund to OXFAM America, which was dedicated for fighting hunger and then went to Alaska to live off the land there
whereas in fact he has a rich family. I was interested in this novel also because I loved nature and did some adventures as Chris did. Then I decided to analyze
Chris McCandless’s motivations in living off the land in Alaska. The novel began when Jim Gallien drove Chris McCandless to Alaska,
where Chris then finds his death after living off there for 113 days alone. Living off there is his greatest desire. After graduating from Emory University, in May
1990, he decided to begin his journey to Alaska. Chris’s trips to Alaska took 2 years. During the trips to Alaska, he got a lot of new friends who helped him.
Nevertheless, during the trips he also found many difficulties such as he got his 2
car stuck because of flashflood, being caught when he hops in the train, and losing his canoe because of the strong wind. His great willingness to live off the land
made Chris keep on struggling to go to Alaska and living off the land there. This study, then, focuses on Chris McCandless’s motivations in living off
the land in Alaska. It is interesting to discuss motivations since it always happens in daily life. People might experience motivations when they want to fulfill their
needs in life.
1.2 Objectives of the Study
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