Data Analysis Technique RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

28 students’ misbehaviors and interview results about the situations which occurs misbehaviors happened, and the teacher’ strategies in handling those misbehaviors were selected and irrelevant data were thrown. Miles and Huberman 1994, p. 11 add further that qualitative data can be reduced and transformed in many ways, such as, through selection, through summary or paraphrase. In this study, the researcher used paraphrase to reduce and transform the data see table 3.1. Afterwards, the researcher determined the themes and sub themes and created coding. The following pages show examples of data from the interview transcripts, the observations, and the themes and the sub themes used in the study. 29 The blue color indicates the situation in the classroom, the yellow color indicates the misbehaviors, and the gray color indicates the teacher’s strategies Figure 3.1 Example on How the Researcher Categorized the Interview Transcript The next page presents the example on how the researcher categorized the results of taking notes . 30 The blue color indicates the situation in the classroom, the yellow color indicates the misbehaviors, and the gray color indicates the teacher’s strategies Figure 3.2 Example on How the Researcher Categorized the Results of Taking Notes The list of themes and sub themes of misbehaviors will be presented on the next page. 31 Table 3.1 List of Themes and Sub Themes of Misbehaviors Category Subcategory Type Verbal Misbehaviors Shouting VMB 1 Making remarks VMB 2 Speaking foul language VMB 3 Refusing instructions VMB 4 Talking back with teacher VMB 5 Asking again VMB 6 Laughing VMB 7 Chatting VMB 8 Singing VMB 9 Crying VMB 10 Physical Misbehaviors Teasing classmates PMB 1 Attacking classmates PMB 2 Quarrelling classmates PMB 3 Sleeping PMB 4 Changing seats PMB 5 Walking around PMB 6 Catching PMB 7 Running away PMB 8 Striking classmates PMB 9 Pushing classmates PMB 10 Clowning PMB 11 Playing PMB 12 Lateness to class PMB 13 Eating drinking PMB 14 Clapping PMB 15 Dancing PMB 16 Rolling PMB 17 Destroying things PMB 18 The second step is data display. Miles and Huberman 1994 explain that data display is designing to assemble organized information into an immediately 32 acceptable, compact from so that the analyst can see what is happening and either draw justified conclusion p.11. In this study, the researcher presented the data in descriptive form, and it would be supported by table. The last step is verification. The researcher concluded the finding of the research. Below is the example of data display of this study. Figure 3 .3 Data Display of Students’ Misbehaviors 33 Figure 3.4 A Summary of All Types and Codes Used to Display All Categories or Themes

F. Research Procedure

There are some steps done in conducting this study. Firstly, the researcher observed the English classroom in second grade. By writing field note, the researcher got the data. The observations were done for five times or five meetings. Secondly, the researcher interviewed the English teacher after every meeting. The purpose of the interview was to get more information. The researcher could combine the results of observation and the results of interview. The third step was conducting interview to other teacher non-English teacher. The purpose was to add some information about the misbehaviors of some students in classroom, do they do misbehaviors in other class besides in English 34 class or not? The fourth step was transcribing the data gathered from the interview. The fifth step was comparing the data of observations with the data of interviews. The sixth step was data reduction. The researcher chose the important things of the data, and focused on it by giving the color of the data. Then, the researcher classified the misbehaviors that have been found into the types of misbehaviors which relate with the expert. The next step was data display. The results of the observation and interview in descriptive way, and was supported by table. The last step was verification. The researcher concluded the results of the research. In this chapter, the research method, the research setting, the research participants, the instrument and data gathering technique, the data analysis technique, and the research procedure have been discussed. The next chapter will present the research results and all discussion.