4. Reflection In this final step, the researcher reflected, evaluated and described the
effect of speech activity to participants’ speaking skills. The researcher read field-note data, and then drew a conclusion of the data. After that, the
researcher discussed it with the collaborators to make a conclusion and a reflection. The researcher also looked at the video as data to see participants’
behavior in the class. It was used to conclude what their attitude with regard to the action based on those data. The researcher also made a conclusion of
participants’ reflection to see their responses to the treatment. Based on the finding of the data that was made in the observation, the
researcher and collaborators made a conclusion and an evaluation on how speech activity conducted to improve speaking skills. It would show whether
staff’ speaking skills improved after having the treatment, what the weakness of the action, and what would be needed to do more to improve of the action.
The reflection stage will help the researcher and the collaborators to plan the next planning in the next cycle.
F. Data Collecting Instruments
In this research, the researcher used some instruments, like observation checklists, and interview guidelines and speech tests to collect
the data.
1. Interview guidelines The interview guidelines helped the researcher to interview the
collaborator and the participants. The interview guidelines used before the action to gained data related to the job they frequently do that related to
English in order to analyze the needs. 2. Field note
The field notes were used to see the process of teaching and learning process. During the implementation, the researcher and collaborator
produced some field notes as the reflection of the implementation. 3. Observation checklist
The observation checklists were used to check whether the teaching and learning process run well or not. Therefore, it was expected that the
observation checklist gave the research information related to the implementation of speech activity. The collaborators filled the observation
sheets by putting a tick on the column of the statements related to the process of teaching and learning process.
4. The pre-test and post test The researcher conducted a pre-test to assess the participants’
speaking skills before they were given the treatments to improve their speaking skills. In addition, they made speech as the regular tasks. The score
of the tasks were used as the reflection of the action. It helped the researcher
analyze whether the treatments which were being used in the class run effectively or not. Finally, at the end of the cycle II, they made a speech
individually and the researcher assessed whether there were improvements of their speaking skills or not.
In addition, the researcher used video documentation to gather the information about the participants’ involvement during the teaching and
learning process, the strength and the weaknesses of the teaching techniques, the materials and media used.
G. Data Collecting Techniques
