Although each of these components is described separately, they are interconnected. Notice that the speaker is both a speaker and a listener,
sending a message but also attending to feedback from the audience. The audience members also have a key role, reducing external and internal noise
whenever possible and listening to the message thus, they can contribute to the discussion that may occur when the speech is finished.
d. Advantages and Disadvantages of Public Speaking
According to Griffin, L. Cindy 2012 people speak in public is used to clarify issues, stimulate thinking, persuade, or to invite others to make
perspective. He added that people speak sometimes is to make influence and to be able to enter the public dialogue through giving thoughts and
arguments. Thus, it can be assumed that through learning public speaking, participants will be able to:
1. Developing courage It takes courage at least at first to stand up on the stage and talk,
even when a speaker may feel like running away and hiding. By facing a demon, a speaker can learn to face and overcome even more situations,
becoming a more courageous person in the process. 2. Building confidence
There is no doubt that a speaker needs confidence to speak on a public stage and also that speaking on a public stage can help a speaker
become more confident. Just as being courageous once makes a speaker more courageous at other times, so also does acting in a confident way
makes a speaker generally a more confident person. 3. Learning to argue
When presenting, a speaker often needs to put forward a coherent argument. In the preparation that a speaker has to do, in the practice and on
the actual stage of public speaking, a speaker will learn much about the art of argument, especially if a speaker get to engage with a speaker audience
in some form of question and answer. 4. Learning to persuade
As in a public speaking a speaker uses logical thoughts with their own words, automatically they have opportunities to learn persuading. It is
as one of the aims of the speaking itself that is to persuade the audience. However, not only public speaking brings benefits, but also it has
disadvantages. Sometimes, speech activity may not be effective in teaching if the tutor could not manage the each participant’s involvement. Thus, it is
suggested if there are a big number of participants in a class, the tutor is better to group the participants. Each group consists of participants with the
same level of proficiency. Participants with the high proficiency are in one group and vice versa. Thus, the participants with low proficiency would not
be demotivated and the participants with high proficiency would not
dominate. Finally, it is expected that the tutor then, could manage and assist each participant better.
Although public speaking has disadvantages, it is believed that speech is one beneficial way to improve speaking skills. It depends on the
tutor in using the technique and managing the class.
B. Review of Related Studies
There is a study that also making use the oral presentation in improving learners’ speaking skills. The research aimed at developing
speaking skills through oral presentations with reference to the course book “Talk time” for the second year non-major students at Hanoi University of
Industry in 2012. The study addresses three issues. They are 1 students’ attitude toward the use of oral presentation in their English Lesson, 2 the
impact of using oral presentation on students’ performance, and 3 students’ suggestion so that oral presentation could be effectively applied at
HaUI. The research finding showed that the students were actually highly
positive in their beliefs about benefits and usefulness of doing oral presentation as a learning activity. In addition, the students also offered
some suggestions for the teacher and their friends so that oral presentation would be more successful. Finally, it was revealed that oral presentations
were beneficial to help students enhance their performance in speaking
