CHAPTER II THEORITICAL FRAMEWORK
2.1. A Brief Description of Contrastive Analysis
Contrastive Analysis is attempts to analyze the correspondences and non correspondences between languages in contact, at some or all expression
levels. The primary is the examination of systematic correspondences and non correspondences between aspects of language concerned Analisis Kontrastif ada-
lah suatu metode penganalisisan linguistik yang berusaha mendeskripsikan, membuktikan, dan menguraikan perbedaan atau persamaan aspek-aspek kebaha-
saan dari dua bahasa atau lebih yang dibandingkan Ridwan, 1998 : 8. According to Ridwan 1998 : 8, the goals of contrastive analysis are:
To find out the correspondence
To find out the partly – correspondence
To find out non – correspondence
Correspondence means that there are similarities found between the source and target language the writer analyzes. Partly correspondences means that there
are some similarities between the source and target language, but not in whole part. While non – correspondence is there is no similarities found between the
source and target language. Mouren, 2004:10 Related to the title that is “A Contrastive Analysis of Prefixes between
English and Minangkabaunese Language”, there are four points that the writer
Universitas Sumatera Utara
need to compare for analyzing the words which are attached by prefixes. They are: form, distribution, function, and meaning.
a. Form.
In form the writer will discuss about the change of the prefixes after being attached to the bases. It can be prefixes that attached to base form which start with
vowel or consonant phoneme. Vowel phoneme is the vocal sounds made without audible stopping of the breath such as a, i, u, e, o”. While, Consonant is speech
sound produced by abstracting of impending the passage of air at the same point in the vocal tract above glottis. There are 21 consonant letters in the written al-
phabet b, c, d, f, g, h, j, k, l, m, n, p, q, r, s, t v, w, x y, z. In form the writer will analyze in vowel and consonant.
b. Distribution.